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La histeroscopia es un procedimiento con finalidad terapéutica y de diagnóstico, permitiendo una visión directa de la cavidad uterina. Es relativamente sencillo pero no exento de complicaciones. La solución más comúnmente utilizada para la distensión es glicina 1.5% debi-do a su baja viscosidad, bajo costo, transparencia y compatibilidad con electrocirugía. Una de las complicaciones más temidas durante la cirugía histeroscópica es hemodilución por absorción de medios de distensión. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 64 años, con ab-sorción excesiva de glicina durante una histeroscopia. Destacamos la importancia de una vigilancia continua y una comunicación efectiva entre el equipo quirúrgico: ginecólogo, anestesiólogo y equipo de enfermería. Sin duda, esto nos permite identificar los factores de riesgo que pueden prevenir la absorción intraoperatoria de estos fluidos, así como establecer un diagnóstico temprano y aplicar un tratamiento oportuno y eficaz para minimizar complicaciones.
Lower‐extremity peripheral artery disease (LEAD) is associated with increased rates of mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations among inflammatory and thrombotic markers and lower‐extremity peripheral disease. A total of 280 patients were enrolled in this study. Of these patients, 152 patients had LEAD on peripheral angiography that was performed because of suspected lower‐extremity peripheral disease based on history, physical examination, and non‐invasive tests. The control group consisted of 128 patients without LEAD on peripheral angiography. Patients with LEAD were classified according to trans‐atlantic inter‐society consensus (TASC) II classification. Subsequently, patients in TASC A to B were defined as having mild to moderate peripheral artery disease, and those in TASC C to D were defined as having advanced peripheral artery disease. Thrombotic and inflammatory markers, such as the neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), the high‐sensitivity C (hs‐C) reactive protein level, the monocyte‐to‐high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol ratio, the fibrinogen to albumin ratio (FAR), and whole‐blood viscosity at high shear rate (HSR) and low shear rate (LSR), were evaluated in this population. The NLR, the monocyte‐to‐high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol ratio, the FAR, and whole‐blood viscosity, both at a LSR and a HSR, were significantly higher in patients with lower‐extremity peripheral disease compared with patients without lower‐extremity peripheral disease. We determined that lower‐extremity peripheral disease severity was correlated with the NLR, monocyte‐to‐high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol ratio, FAR, whole‐blood viscosity at LSR, and whole‐blood viscosity at HSR (r = 0.719, P = .004; r = 0.25, P = .008; r = 0.691, P = .002; r = 0.546, P < .001; and r = 0.448, P = .001, respectively). However hs‐C reactive protein levels were similar between patients with or without LEAD (2.47 ± 1.32 1.61 ± 0.91 P = .685). In addition, there was no correlation between the severity of LEAD and hs‐C reactive levels. In this study, we determined that the levels of inflammatory and thrombotic biomarkers are elevated in peripheral artery disease, and these levels predict disease severity.
NexoBrid (NXB) has been proven to be an effective selective enzymatic debridement agent in adults. This manuscript presents the combined clinical trial experience with NXB in children. Hundred and ten children aged 0.5 to 18 years suffering from deep thermal burns of up to 67% total body surface area were treated with NXB in three clinical trials. Seventy‐seven children were treated with NXB in a phase I/II study, where 92.7% of the areas treated achieved complete eschar removal within 0.9 days from admission. Thirty‐three children (17 NXB, 16 standard of care [SOC]) participated in a phase III randomized controlled trial. All wounds treated with NXB achieved complete eschar removal. Time to complete eschar removal (from informed consent) was 0.9 days for NXB vs 6.5 days for SOC (P < .001). The incidence of surgical excision was 7.9% for NXB vs 73.3% for SOC (P < .001). Seventeen of these children participated in a phase III‐b follow‐up study (9 NXB and 8 SOC). The average long‐term modified Vancouver Scar Scale scores were 3.4 for NXB‐treated wounds vs 4.4 for SOC‐treated wounds (NS). There were no significant treatment‐related adverse events. Additional studies are needed to strengthen these results.
Abdominal drainage, serving as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool, has been widely applied to prevent complications after major abdominal surgical procedures. However, dislocation of intraperitoneal portion of drainage tube and poor drainage after major surgery has never been detailed. In this retrospective study, we determined whether postoperative abdominal infectious complications are attributed to dislocation of intraperitoneal portion of drainage tube. Patients were recruited from the Department of General Surgery at Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, between June 2015 and June 2018. All of the enrolled patients had undergone different major abdominal surgical procedures with abdominal drainage. According to different fixation methods of the drainage tube, the patients were categorised as follows: group 1 as conventional extra‐abdominal fixation where the tubes were fixed on abdominal wall; group 2 as double fixation where the tubes were fixed by both extra‐abdominal and intra‐abdominal fixation. Among 60 patients (40 in group 1 and 20 in group 2) with suspected postoperative abdominal infection, abdominal computed tomography (CT) was performed to determine the presence of abnormality. Dislocation of drainage tubes, morbidity, treatment, and prognosis were compared between the two groups. None of the patients showed slip knot or drainage tube slipping from the abdomen based on physical examination and CT imaging. Drainage tube was fixed firmly on the abdominal wall. In group 1, 18 (45%) patients developed postoperative complications resulting from abdominal infection where severe dislocation of intraperitoneal portion of drainage tubes was confirmed by CT. Drainage tubes of six cases were significantly dislocated to the anterior abdominal wall from the target area; 7 upper abdominal drainage tubes dislocated to the lower abdomen; and 5 lower abdominal drainage tubes dislocated to the upper abdomen. Common complications included localised peritonitis (n = 4), abdominal abscess (n = 8), and anastomotic leakage (n = 6). Among them, 8 patients were cured by abdominal puncture catheter drainage; 5 underwent secondary operation and 5 were cured by conservative treatment. In group 2, no tube dislocation was identified by CT. Five patients (25%) developed complications, including localised peritonitis (n = 1), abdominal abscess (n = 1), and anastomotic leakage (n = 3). All the five patients were cured by conservative treatment. Postoperative abdominal infection complications can stem from dislocation of intraperitoneal portion of drainage tube and poor drainage after major abdominal surgery. Maintaining the intraperitoneal portion of drainage tube at the proper location, for example, by applying intraabdominal fixation, is paramount to decrease the incidence and severity of postoperative complications.
Hypoxia is a common cause of poor wound healing, for which a variety of oxygen therapies have been developed. In order to overcome the limitations of traditional methods of treatment, namely the type of equipment, its setting, safety and cost, local haemoglobin therapy has been developed, although no reviews have so far been published. Here, we systematically review the current evidence to establish the efficacy, scope, adverse reactions, and required precautions of this new form of therapy. A search of the literature was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, CENTRAL, CINAHL, and Web of science databases, with 17 studies meeting the eligibility criteria, comprising one animal model study and 16 clinical studies. Local haemoglobin therapy is able to safely and effectively promote the healing of a variety of wounds, especially those that are chronic and non‐healing. However, premature discontinuation of this treatment can result in impediment to wound healing and even deterioration of the wound. The distinct benefit of the elimination of slough and relief of pain suggests that this technique may represent a new generation of debridement technology. Furthermore, its ease of use and convenience enables patient self‐management, thereby greatly reducing health care costs.
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