Conectar
Commentary on: Canbulat Sahiner N, Turkmen AS, Acikgoz A, et al. Effectiveness of two different methods for pain reduction during insulin injection in children with Type 1 Diabetes: Buzzy and ShotBlocker. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs [EPub ahead of print 11 Oct 2018].
Use of ShotBlocker or Buzzy during insulin administration was effective in reducing self-reported, parental and observer assessments of pain in comparison with no intervention. ShotBlocker or Buzzy was effective in lowering self-reported, parental and observer assessments of fear and anxiety prior to and during insulin administration in comparison with no intervention. Further research is needed to examine the effectiveness of the devices over a longer time period for children who need regular injections.
The negative impact of needle-related procedures has been widely reported with evidence of distress, anxiety and non-compliant behaviours.
Commentary on: McMahon GE, Spencer-Smith MM, Pace CC, et al. Influence of fathers’ early parenting and development of children born very preterm and full term. Journal of Pediatrics 2019:205; 195–201.
Fathers’ parenting behaviours are important to subsequent child development. Further research is needed to review parental interactions and child development for infants born prematurely.
Parenting behaviours impact on child development.
There are many ways to measure behaviours associated with ‘positive and negative’ parenting.
Buried on page 50 of the NHS Long Term Plan, at the end of a paragraph where other totally generic statements are ‘bolded’, is a sentence I want to see written on banners, spray painted across the front of Whitehall and on the front page of every politician’s ‘vote for me’ handouts between now and 2030. ‘Over the coming decade the goal [of the NHS] is to ensure that 100% of children and young people who need specialist [mental health] care can access it’ (https://www.longtermplan.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/nhs-long-term-plan-version-1.2.pdf).
If this is surprising to readers, that our country currently is not even trying to meet the health needs of children with mental health conditions, it should not be. Until the publication of the NHS Long Term Plan, the stated goal was to increase funding and staffing to services to meet the needs of one in three children and young people in...
Commentary on: Obeidat RF, Qan’ir Y, Turaani H. The relationship between perceived competence and perceived workplace bullying among registered nurses: a cross sectional survey. Int J Nurs Stud 2018; 88:71–78.
Workplace bullying is a significant issue and should be addressed at all levels. Future research should explore the link between workplace bullying and actual competence toidentify whether workplace bullying leads to a lack of perceived competence or that less competent nurses attract higher levels of bullying.
Bullying in nursing has received much attention over the years, from the idea that nurses ‘eat their young’
EBN Perspectives brings together key issues from the commentaries in one of our nursing topic themes
EBN engages through a range of Online social media activities to debate issues important to nurses and nursing. EBN Opinion papers highlight and expand on these debates.
Commentary on: Hithersay R, Startin CM, Hamburg S, et al. Association of Dementia With Mortality Among Adults With Down Syndrome Older Than 35 Years. JAMA Neurol 2018. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2018.3616. [Epub ahead of print 19 Nov 2018]. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2018.3616
Care for older adults with Down syndrome should be organised with the exceptional risk of developing dementia in mind as this will improve their medical outcomes. There is an urgent need for research into effective treatments for dementia in adults with Down syndrome to prevent or delay the onset of dementia.
Advances in care for people with Down syndrome have greatly increased their lifespan.
Commentary on: Romero-Martínez Á, Lila M, Gracia E, et al. Improving empathy with motivational strategies in batterer intervention programmes: Results of a randomized controlled trial. Br J Clin Psychol 2018, doi:10.1111/bjc.12204.
Adding individualised motivational plans (IMP) to standard batterer intervention programmes (SBIP) may enhance specific cognitive processes associated with empathy to increase behavioural control in perpetrators of intimate partner violence (IPV). IMP uses several intervention strategies (ie, motivational interviewing, therapists and group goal reinforcement, and retention techniques) concomitantly. Future research is needed to identify the contribution of each intervention strategy and their combined effects on the treatment outcome(s).
There is a growing body of literature that supports motivational intervention treatments that increase an individual’s capacity for empathy as effective strategies in decreasing IPV among perpetrators.
Commentary on: Smit A, Coetzee BJ, Roomaney R, et al. Women’s stories of living with breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative evidence. Soc Sci Med 2019; 222:231–45. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.01.020
Findings illustrate the physical, psychosocial and emotional impact of breast cancer on women. A holistic, person-centred approach to breast cancer care is required before, during and after active cancer treatment has been terminated. The proposed trajectory of breast cancer framework will enable future researchers to consider breast cancer experiences relative to particular breast cancer time-points.
Breast cancer is reported to be the most common type of cancer in women.
Commentary on: Monteiro F, Fonseca A, Pereira M, et al. What protects at-risk postpartum women from developing depressive and anxiety symptoms? The role of acceptance-focused processes and self-compassion. J Affect Disord 2019;246:522–9. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.124.
Pregnant women are more susceptible to postpartum depression (PPD); self-compassion will enable them to cope with life challenges, and support interpersonal relationships with caregivers. This study emphasises promotion of acceptance-based processes as preventive measures for at-risk women, which may protect them from developing psychological symptoms.
Women in the postpartum stage are susceptible to increased risk for mood disturbances.
Commentary on: Hadler RA, Goldstein NE, Bekelman DB, et al. "Why Would I Choose Death?": A Qualitative Study of Patient Understanding of the Role and Limitations of Cardiac Devices. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2019;34:275–82. doi: 10.1097/JCN.0000000000000565.
Stage II-IV heart failure patients with cardiac devices may overestimate their device’s ability to prevent further deterioration and death. This may become a barrier to engaging in advance care planning. Further research is required to evaluate best methods of engaging these patients in discussions around advance care planning and device deactivation.
Guidelines for managing patients with heart failure indicate that discussions about the condition, treatment options and advance care planning should be discussed at an early stage of the disease.
Commentary on: Wilson N, Lee JJ, Bei B. Postpartum fatigue and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2019;246:224–33.
Fatigue is an under examined and seldom treated condition many women experience postnatally that is highly correlated to depression. Efforts to accurately and consistently measure fatigue are needed for effective detection and management. Fatigue management may be an important strategy to help prevent postpartum depression among vulnerable women.
A positive fatigue–depression correlation among postpartum women suggests a need to develop evidence-based interventions targeting fatigue. These interventions may be less stigmatising than depression treatment and could help prevent postpartum depression.
The purpose of the study
Commentary on: Krogsbøll LT, Jørgensen KJ, Gøtzsche PC. General health checks in adults for reducing morbidity and mortality from disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019;1:CD009009. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD009009.pub3.
Current evidence does not support continuing trials of health checks in general population and could lead to unnecessary tests and treatments. Future research should examine effects of structural public health interventions including effects of higher tax on cigarettes and alcohol on reducing disease.
General health check programmes screen asymptomatic groups with the aim of detecting disease or risk factors at an earlier stage to prevent future illness and improve health outcomes.
This was an update...
Commentary on: Hong Y and Lee SH. Effectiveness of tele-monitoring by patient severity and intervention type in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Nurs Stud 2019;92:1–15.
Monitoring patients’ health remotely at home using technology has been gaining in popularity for a number of years. Evidence suggests that tele-monitoring may have the potential to reduce emergency room visits and hospitalisation for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), particularly those with high disease severity. More rigorously conducted trials of tele-monitoring in patients with COPD are required to determine clinical and cost-effectiveness.
COPD is a long-term, debilitating, respiratory condition that impacts the lives of millions of people worldwide. Poor management of COPD can lead to hospital admissions, increased healthcare costs and poorer outcomes for patients and their families.
Commentary on: Ali UM, Judge A, Foster C, et al. Do portable nursing stations within bays of hospital wards reduce the rate of inpatient falls? An interrupted time-series analysis. Age Ageing 2018;47:818–24.
Portable nursing stations (PNSs) are one of the most important prevention programmes for reducing the rate of inpatient falls. The PNSs provide a useful schema in reducing the direct and indirect costs. Due to the new nature of PNSs and understanding the facilitators and barriers to implementation of this innovation, more interventions, qualitative research and randomised controlled trials are needed to be developed.
Inpatient falls are serious adverse events that can increase patient morbidity as well as hospital costs. Almost every year, 3.4 million people over 65 years fall in the UK.
Whenever we create a test to screen for a disease, to detect an abnormality or to measure a physiological parameter such as blood pressure (BP), we must determine how valid that test is—does it measure what it sets out to measure accurately? There are lots of factors that combine to describe how valid a test is: sensitivity and specificity are two such factors. We often think of sensitivity and specificity as being ways to indicate the accuracy of the test or measure.
In the clinical setting, screening is used to decide which patients are more likely to have a condition. There is often a ‘gold-standard’ screening test—one that is considered the best to use because it is the most accurate. The gold standard test, when compared with other options, is most likely to correctly identify people with the disease (it is specific), and correctly identify those who do not...
Commentary on: Wong, P, Liamputtong P, Koch S, et al. Searching for meaning: a grounded theory of family resilience in adult ICU. J Clin Nurs 2018;28:781–91. Doi: 10.111/jocn.14673
To be resilient, families of intensive care unit (ICU) patients must be supported to seek and understand information, advocate for their loved one and find personal meaning and purpose in the admission. Future research is needed to understand the best psychosocial interventions for family during ICU admission.
Intensive care units (ICUs) are evolving to function with increased family involvement. However, unchecked family involvement in the ICU can place a family at risk for psychological problems including anxiety, depression and if severe enough, postintensive care syndrome family (PICS-F). These risk factors may be lessened if a patient and family-centred care (PFCC) model is used. The foundation for PFCC involves dignity and respect, collaboration, information sharing...
Commentary on: Harding L, Davison-Fischer J, Bekaert S, Appleton JV. The role of the school nurse in protecting children and young people from maltreatment: An integrative review of the literature. Int J Nurs Stud. 2019 Jan 2;92:60–72.
Interagency communication can be problematic; adopting an interagency approach to education and training in this area may be beneficial. There is a need for research exploring the impact of school nurse interventions in relation to child maltreatment from the perspective of children and young people.
Child maltreatment is a global public health issue with one in four adults experiencing physical violence in their childhood.
https://www.sign.ac.uk/sign-158-british-guideline-on-the-management-of-asthma.html
The guideline covers diagnosis and management of asthma in adults and children, and sections of the guideline are updated biennially. The 2019 update includes a complete revision of the section on monitoring asthma, including new information on predicting future risk of asthma attacks, and updates to the sections on pharmacological management of asthma, supported self-management, non-pharmacological management of asthma, and management of acute asthma in adults and children. It also includes a new checklist of information for patients and carers.
This guideline provides recommendations based on current evidence for best practice in the detection, assessment, treatment and follow-up of adults with delirium, as well as reducing the risk of delirium. The guideline applies to all settings: home, long-term care,...
Commentary on: Collier A, Hodgins M, Crawford G, et al. What does it take to deliver brilliant home-based palliative care? Using positiveorganisational scholarship and video reflexive ethnography to explore the complexities of palliative care at home. Palliat Med 2018:269216318807835. doi: 10.1177/0269216318807835.
Presents credible arguments that good practice is reinforced and encouraged through making everyday interactions visible. Explains and demonstrates the research methodology of Positive Organisational Scholarship in Healthcare (POSH, study of that which is positive, flourishing and life-giving in organisations) and video-reflexive ethnography (VRE) to support generalisability of these methods for research.
Despite the increasing number of people worldwide requiring palliative care at home, there is limited evidence on how such care is best practised. Care can improve symptom management, quality of life and prevent hospitalisation at the end of life. There is significant variation in how it is delivered....
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