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Commentary on: Alexander S, Pillay R, Smith B. A systematic review of the experiences of vulnerable people participating in research on sensitive topic. Int J Nurs Stud 2018;88:85–96.
Nurses can confidently recommend a research study to patients from vulnerable populations because the overall impact on their well-being is generally modest and most patients with research-induced distress are still glad they participated. Vulnerable patients value their role as research participants and, even if there is some distress caused by participating, most patients still feel their participation is worth it.
Vulnerable populations (e.g. mentally ill, terminally ill, physical or sexual trauma, children, cognitively impaired, homeless, prisoners, migrants/refugees) are at the risk of distress when asked sensitive questions (eg, past trauma, mental illness, illegal activity, addiction).
Triangulation is a method used to increase the credibility and validity of research findings.
Triangulation can enrich research as it offers a variety of datasets to explain differing aspects of a phenomenon of...
Commentary on: Gibson CJ, Huang AJ, McCaw B, et al. Associations of intimate partner violence, sexual assault, and posttraumatic stress disorder with menopause symptoms among midlife and older women. JAMA Intern Med 2019;179(1):80–7.
Healthcare professionals need to be aware of the impact of intimate partner violence (IPV) experienced by mid-life and older women as IPV experiences and post-tramautic stress disorder (PTSD) can have an impact on menopausal symptoms Further robust and longitudinal research is needed to explore the impact of IPV on mid-life and older women’s lives.
IPV is a major public health problem which intersects ethnic, religious, societal and geographical boundaries and results in serious physical and psychological consequences for those affected. IPV can exist in same sex relationships and men can also be victims of IPV, however, the frequency and severity of IPV experienced by women is...
Commentary on: Bareham BK, Kaner E, Spencer LP et al. Drinking in later life: a systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative studies exploring older people’s perceptions and experiences. Age Ageing 2019; 48:134-146.
Healthcare professionals should incorporate alcohol health promotion during routine health checks with older adults who identify as responsible drinkers. Personalised interventions should also consider the positive role that alcohol plays in maintaining social connections and cultural identity. More research that explores the gender differences in consumption over time is required.
Over the last 15 years, alcohol-specific mortality in older adults has risen by approximately 45%.
Commentary on: Neale J, Brown C, Campbell ANC, et al. How competent are people who use opioids at responding to overdoses? Qualitative analyses of actions and decisions taken during overdose emergencies. Addiction. 2018 Nov 26. doi: 10.1111/add.14510.
Opioid users described using take-home naloxone (THN) to deliver emergency treatment to victims of opioid overdose. Insights from opioid users who have responded to overdoses could improve THN. This study provides a foundation for research exploring the competency of individuals delivering first-line treatment to opioid overdose victims.
In the USA, opioid overdose accounted for 42 249 deaths during 2016. Respiratory depression caused by opioid overdose can be reversed by the timely administration of naloxone. THN programmes supply naloxone and advice in responding to opioid overdose crisis to non-medical professionals.
Commentary on: Willey SM, Cant RP, Williams, et al. Maternal and child health nurses work with refugee families: perspectives from regional Victoria, Australia. J Clin Nurs 2018;27:3387–96.
Families from a refugee background face significant barriers to accessing healthcare, including communication, underlying health needs and cultural differences. Further professional development is needed to ensure nurses and midwives have the required skills to provide care for refugee and asylum-seeking families. Future research should take account of the legal frameworks governing asylum seekers’ entitlement to health.
As a signatory to the United Nations High Commission for Refugees Convention1, Australia has a long history of resettling asylum-seeking families and refugees. Access to universal healthcare is available to all refugees with a permanent protection visa and some asylum seekers dependent on visa status, which includes maternal and child health services (MCH). Families from...
Commentary on: Schiweck C, Piette D, Berckmans D et al. Heart rate and high frequency heart rate variability during stress as biomarker for clinical depression. A systematic review. Psychol Med 2018 23:1–12. doi: 10.1017/S0033291718001988.
Nurses must be aware that clinically depressed patients may exhibit reduced heart rate variability in response to stress. Future research in this area needs to use larger sample sizes, and consider other factors such as childhood trauma history, subjective stress ratings, sleep quality and co-morbidity with anxiety disorders.
Depression is the leading cause of disability and morbidity worldwide.
We are delighted to have been invited to write this editorial on patient and carer involvement in health education, service delivery and research. Within developed countries, the involvement of patients and carers has become central to healthcare delivery. Health services, research and education policy directives, particularly with the UK, are explicit that patient and carer input is an integral part of healthcare. Input ranges from service design and delivery, across the research processes to the development, delivery and evaluation of programmes of study offered to healthcare students. The overarching aim is to ensure healthcare delivery, research and the preparation of health professionals is more responsive to the needs of the patient and their carers.
Commentary on: Kullberg A, Sharp L, Dahl O, et al. Nurse perceptions of person-centered handovers in the oncological inpatient setting - A qualitative study. Int J Nurs Stud 2018;86:44–51.
Person-centred handovers can enhance patient participation in healthcare decision-making, supporting the provision of high quality, safe person-centred care. Consideration is needed to how person-centred handovers are understood and implemented in clinical practice to ensure that they foster genuine participation and partnership working between nursing teams and patients.
Nurse handovers are a routine form of communication and information exchange that occurs when one nurse hands over the responsibility of care for a patient to another nurse, for example at the end of a nursing shift.
Commentary on: Saab MM, Landers M, Cooke E, et al. Enhancing Men’s Awareness of Testicular Disorders Using a Virtual Reality Intervention: A Pre-Post Pilot Study. Nurs Res 2018;67:349–58.
Virtual reality is an effective way to engage men with awareness, screening and intention to seek help for testicular disorders. Extending this research to explore a wider diverse ethnic group is important
The health of men in the Western World is poorer than that of women, with increased mortality rates where men are less likely to utilise health services.
Innovative ways to engage men in preventative health activities are required
Commentary on: Rainbow JG, Steege LM. Transition to practice experiences of first and second career nurses: a mixed method study. J Clin Nurs 2018;00:1-12.
First-career and second-career nurses face stressors, presenteeism and burn-out during transition to nursing practice. The nursing working environment is filled with different stressors and coping strategies that should be paid attention to in the development of transition to practice programmes.
There is very little research studying the experiences of traditional graduate nurses (TGNs) and secondary career graduate nurses (SCGNs) during the professional role transition to practice. Knowing more of their experiences will provide insight about the challenges facing them. Therefore, this study compared first-career and second-career nurses’ experiences of stress and coping, presenteeism and burn-out during transition to practice.
The current study used a mixed-methods design that paired qualitative interviews (semistructured questions) with quantitative...
Commentary on: Ordan R, Shor R, Liebergall-Wischnitzer M, et al. Nurses’ professional stigma and attitudes towards postpartum women with severe mental illness. J Clin Nurs 2018;27:1543–51. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.14179
Healthcare professionals should provide person-centred care to postpartum women with severe mental illness (SMI), promoting their autonomy and the best outcomes for the woman and the child. Stigma and negative attitudes towards individuals with SMI can have a detrimental effect on patient care. Future research should evaluate interventions that decrease stigma in healthcare professionals caring for women with SMI.
Healthcare professionals can exhibit stigma and negative attitudes towards individuals with mental illness.
Commentary on: Sandlund C, et al. Impact of group treatment for insomnia on daytime symptomatology: Analyses from a randomized controlled trial in primary care. Int J Nurs Stud 2018;85:126–35
Nurse-led initiatives can be successfully applied to group treatment for insomnia in primary care settings. Future research should continue to explore the impact of daytime symptomatology of insomnia (fatigue, mood, health related quality of life and daytime functioning) on subgroups of patients and should be considered when designing a treatment intervention.
The burden of insomnia is significant in primary care.
Commentary on: Durkin J, Usher K, Jackson D. Embodying compassion: A systematic review of the views of nurses and patients. J Clin Nurs. 2018 Nov 28. doi: 10.1111/jocn.14722.
There is ambiguity regarding how compassion is defined and experienced within nursing. Patients and nurses hold different views on what constitutes compassionate care. Understanding the concept of compassion can help nurses in their clinical practice. Focusing on the nature of compassion—particularly from the point of view of patients—is an important direction in nursing education and research.
Compassion has always been a key concept in nursing.
Commentary on: Liu N-Y, Hsu W-Y, Hung C-A, et al. The effect of gender role orientation on student nurses' caring behaviour and critical thinking. Int J Nurs Stud 2019;89:18–23.
Gender role orientation (masculine or feminine traits) rather than sex is a predictor for determining caring behaviour and critical thinking skills among student nurses. Student nurses’ caring behaviour should be emphasised to cultivate students’ critical thinking skills.
Previous research on the relationship between nurses’ gender and perceptions of caring behaviours or critical thinking is inconsistent. Research has shown that gender does not significantly influence caring behaviour
The aim of the study
Commentary on: Viveiros CJ, Darling EK. Perceptions of barriers to accessing perinatal mental healthcare in midwifery: a scoping review. Midwifery 2019;70:106–118.
Midwives increasingly provide important perinatal care but their role in the identification and management of mental illness, one of the most common complications of pregnancy, remains unclear. Access to mental healthcare in midwifery is hampered by supply-side barriers and there are also barriers due to the clients’ inability to interact with midwives to optimise access to care Research in innovative strategies to train midwives to provide psychosocial and psychological interventions to women with mild-to-moderate symptom severity is needed to ensure timely access to evidence-based treatment and appropriate follow-up.
Despite increased awareness of perinatal mental health issues, management remain suboptimal. Barriers are diverse and areas to target for greatest impact remain unknown. Midwives are playing an increasingly...
Commentary on: Liu M, Wang C, Tung T, et al. Effects of a multidisciplinary disease management programme with or without exercise training for heart failure patients: secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Int J Nursing 2018;8:94–102.
The inclusion of exercise training within a multidisciplinary disease management programme (MDP) may reduce rates of heart failure (HF)-related rehospitalisation. When exercise is contraindicated, an MDP may reduce HF-related rehospitalisation rates for 12 months after discharge for an HF-related hospital stay.
Advances in the management of HF mean survival rates for patients with HF are increasing.
Commentary on: Jibb LA, Croal L, Wang J, et al. Children’s experiences of cancer care: A systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative studies. Oncology Nursing Forum 2018;45:527–44.
Developmentally appropriate conversations with children receiving cancer treatment can ensure timely referrals to the wider team through early identification and understanding of impact and needs. The benefits of ongoing social support during cancer treatment while wide ranging may not be optimally facilitated or utilised in care settings and therefore is an area for future research.
As the overall long-term survival rate for children’s cancer increases,
Commentary on: Brody H, et al. Preventive parenting intervention during childhood and young black adults' unhealthful behaviors: a randomised controlled trial. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2018 Sep 11. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.12968
Targeted improvements for reducing smoking, alcohol intake and drug use are required amongst disadvantaged groups to reduce rates of morbidity and mortality. Future research needs to consider factors associated with engagement in supportive parenting programmes.
Supporting early childhood development across the life course is a fundamental component of the UN sustainable development goals framework.
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