Conectar
Hand burns, although often limited in surface area, have a major impact on function and quality of life. Debridement—surgical or enzymatic—is a key component of treatment, with enzymatic debridement increasingly used for its selectivity and potential to preserve viable dermis. To evaluate and compare the functional outcomes of hand burns treated with surgical versus enzymatic debridement, using the DASH/Quick-DASH and Michigan Hand Questionnaire (MHQ) assessment tools. A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251034408). Searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science without date restrictions. Inclusion criteria focused on studies evaluating hand burn function using DASH, Quick-DASH, or MHQ after enzymatic or surgical debridement in patients aged 16 or older. Methodological quality was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool. Of 547 studies identified, 7 met inclusion criteria: 4 surgical and 3 enzymatic. Functional recovery was generally better in cases where enzymatic debridement preserved viable dermis and avoided grafting. DASH and MHQ scores favoured enzymatic approaches, especially when conservative management followed debridement. However, methodological limitations and clinical heterogeneity limited direct comparison. Enzymatic debridement, through preservation of viable dermis and reduced grafting need, appears associated with improved functional outcomes in hand burns. Whilst surgical debridement remains essential for deeper burns, enzymatic methods may offer functional advantages and support early rehabilitation in appropriate cases.
by Sarah Zuern, Bella Romero, Carlos Spichiger, Leandro Ortiz, Alejandro Jerez, Esteban Basoalto, Max Emil Schön, Sigisfredo Garnica
The microsporidium Vairimorpha (Nosema) ceranae is an emerging threat to honey bees (Apis mellifera), known to disrupt gut microbiota and suppress immune responses, potentially contributing to colony losses. Fungal extracts have recently gained interest as sources of bioactive compounds with antimicrobial and immunomodulatory potential. In this study, we explored the effects of different dietary supplements—sugar syrup, HiveAlive™, and a novel Ganoderma australe extract (GanoBee)—on gut bacterial composition and immune-related gene expression in honey bees subjected to experimental exposure to V. ceranae 1 x 104 spores per bee. The GanoBee diet altered the gut microbiota, notably reducing the relative abundance of Rhizobiaceae (Bartonella apis) and increasing Frischella compared to other treatments. While alpha diversity was not significantly affected by diet or exposure to V. ceranae, beta diversity differed significantly in bees fed with GanoBee. Additionally, the expression of the antimicrobial peptide genes abaecin and hymenoptaecin was elevated in both exposed and unexposed bees fed with GanoBee, depending on the sampling day. However, the establishment of V. ceranae infection appeared limited, likely due to low spore viability, and mortality in control bees was higher than expected. The low Vairimorpha ceranae infection levels observed in this study are likely attributable to reduced spore viability caused by storage conditions and/or suboptimal environmental conditions within the laboratory cages. Post hoc analyses indicated that the high viscosity of GanoBee-supplemented diets likely contributed to the elevated bee mortality observed, underscoring a critical limitation of the experimental design related to diet formulation and delivery method. These physical factors complicate the interpretation of treatment efficacy and highlight the importance of optimizing feeding protocols to avoid confounding effects. Despite these constraints, GanoBee demonstrated promising potential as a modulator of gut microbiota composition and immune-related gene expression, supporting the need for further research under improved and carefully controlled experimental conditions.To assess the acceptability and adoption of multiparameter point-of-care testing (POCT) devices for the diagnosis and management of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) at the primary healthcare level in a resource-limited region of Peru.
Qualitative case-control process evaluation.
Eight primary healthcare facilities in northern Peru, including both urban and rural centres, where routine chronic care and laboratory services are provided.
Sixty-three participants: 36 patients, 12 laboratory technicians, 10 healthcare professionals and five facility heads. Eligible patients were ≥18 years, residing in the catchment area, with or without prior NCD diagnoses. Healthcare workers, including physicians, nurses, laboratory staff and facility managers.
Multiparameter POCT devices were installed in four intervention facilities, accompanied by staff training and community awareness activities, while four control facilities continued with conventional laboratory diagnostics.
Primary outcome: perceptions of patients and healthcare workers regarding the acceptability and adoption of POCT devices. Secondary outcomes: identification of facilitators and barriers to implementation, including infrastructure, supply chains and training gaps.
(1) Individuals: POCT was valued for speed and comfort, but concerns over accuracy were mentioned. (2) Intervention characteristics: laboratory staff valued POCT’s practicality in emergencies, but noted limitations in handling multiple samples. (3) Outer setting: urban centres outperformed rural facilities, with more staff and longer operating hours. (4) Inner setting: calibration gaps impacted POCT and conventional test reliability, requiring quality control and training. (5) Process: clear staff communication boosted patient confidence in POCT, but inconsistent training could lead to reliability doubts.
Multiparameter POCT devices show promise for enhancing NCD care in resource-limited primary healthcare settings, particularly in rural areas. However, their sustainability depends on broader health system reforms, including reliable supply chains, expanded training and stronger quality assurance mechanisms. Further research should examine strategies for embedding POCT within national regulatory and policy frameworks.
Resumen
Los pacientes con cáncer colorrectal sufren múltiples dolencias físicas y mentales que los llevan a buscar refugio en la espiritualidad. El objetivo de la investigación fue comprender la manera como las personas con cáncer colorrectal experimentan la espiritualidad durante su enfermedad. Para esto, se realizó una investigación fenomenológica con 12 pacientes con cáncer colorrectal, los audios de las entrevistas fueron trascritos y analizados en unidades de significado temáticas. La experiencia de los participantes con cáncer colorrectal se representa con un tema central denominado “Del cáncer a nacer, reformulando la enfermedad por medio de la espiritualidad”; y los subtemas: “La espiritualidad como una fuente de fortaleza para afrontar la enfermedad”, “Tener fe en un ser supremo que guía los médicos, un camino para perder el miedo a la muerte y la enfermedad”, “Volver a vivir después de estar condenado a morir” y “Trascender del cáncer a nacer”. Se concluye que trascender del cáncer a nacer por medio de la espiritualidad, brinda a los pacientes con cáncer colorrectal la fortaleza para afrontar la enfermedad, perder el miedo a la muerte y les da la esperanza de volver a vivir después de estar condenados a morir.
The COmmunity HEalth System InnovatiON (COHESION) project (2016–2019) was a 4-year collaboration between research teams from Mozambique, Nepal, Peru and Switzerland. It conducted formative health system research using tracer chronic conditions, non-communicable diseases (diabetes and hypertension) and one neglected tropical disease per country (schistosomiasis in Mozambique, leprosy in Nepal and neurocysticercosis in Peru).
Findings guided the co-creation of interventions to improve diagnosis and management through a participatory approach with communities, primary healthcare workers and regional health authorities.
As a continuation of this effort, the research team initiated the COHESION Implementation project (COHESION-I) with two objectives: (1) implement and evaluate the context-specific co-created interventions in Mozambique, Nepal and Peru (Component 1) and (2) adapt the COHESION approach to India, a country that did not benefit from a formative phase previously (Component 2). This protocol manuscript focuses on Component 1.
A mixed-methods, pre–post quasi-experimental design will be used, including quantitative, qualitative, economic and process evaluations. Each country will have three arms: (1) co-created and co-designed interventions; (2) only co-designed intervention and (3) the usual care arm. Data will be collected longitudinally over 18 months to assess the effect of the interventions. The main outcomes include patient satisfaction (Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire Short Form), health system responsiveness (WHO responsiveness domains) and quality of life (EuroQol 5 dimensions 5 levels). The qualitative evaluation will explore how satisfaction is perceived among service users with chronic conditions and healthcare workers. Other outcomes per type of evaluation will be considered such as perceived value of health services, cost estimation and acceptability of the intervention components, among others.
Approvals were obtained from Ethics Committees of Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (Peru), Universidade Eduardo Mondale (Mozambique) and Nepal Health Research Council (Nepal). Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and scientific conferences.
Kerato-lenticule extraction (KLEx) is a refractive surgery technique that, in contrast with femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK), does not require the creation of a flap to correct refractive defects. The potential advantages of this technique are related to the absence of a flap and its complications. On the other hand, FS-LASIK is the most widely practised refractive surgery worldwide, as it offers excellent visual outcomes and is currently the gold standard of refractive surgery. The objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness and safety of KLEx versus FS-LASIK as a treatment option in patients with myopia or myopic astigmatism.
This double-masked, parallel-group, single-centre randomised clinical trial will enrol 80 eyes from adults with myopia or compound myopic astigmatism within the ranges sphere –0.50 to –12.00 D and cylinder –0.50 to –6.00 D, recruited at the Instituto de Oftalmología Conde de Valenciana, Mexico City, Mexico. Participants will be allocated to KLEx or FS-LASIK and assessed at baseline and 1 day, 1 week, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. The primary outcome is uncorrected visual acuity at all postoperative visits. Secondary outcomes include postoperative spherical equivalent, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), loss of ≥2 BCVA lines, the proportion of eyes within ±0.50 D of the refractive target, corneal aberrations over a 5 mm pupil, epithelial changes and adverse events. Participants and outcome assessors will be masked to the assigned surgical technique.
Participant confidentiality will be maintained with the publication of results. This study was approved by the research and ethics committee of the Instituto de Oftalmología Fundación de Asistencia Privada Conde Valenciana (CI-017-2024). The study results will be disseminated in scientific articles published in peer-reviewed journals and presented through research posters at national and international conferences.
ClinicalTrials.gov registry (NCT06477081).
To provide an overview of doctoral programs in nursing offered in Ibero-American countries to inform regional collaboration and academic development.
This study was a descriptive, document analysis.
A systematic mapping was conducted using data obtained from official university and program websites, national postgraduate databases, and academic documents. The variables analysed included country, institution, year of implementation, number of faculty and students, course duration, delivery modality, costs, scholarship availability, internationalisation activities, and research lines.
A total of 94 active nursing doctoral programs were identified. Brazil emerged as the pioneer, launching the first doctoral program in 1982, and remains the regional leader, accounting for 43 programs. Most programs are offered by public institutions (76.6%), delivered primarily in face-to-face format (64.1%), and emphasise research (90.4%). There has been a consistent upward trend in the establishment of programs since 2000, with notable expansion between 2011 and 2025. Despite this progress, regional disparities persist, along with a lack of data standardisation and a limited presence of professional doctorates. While 69.1% of programs reported international activities, few offer joint or dual degrees. The most common thematic axis, “Health Care and Nursing,” proved to be broad and non-specific.
The study reveals the expanding landscape of nursing doctoral education in Ibero-America, while also exposing persistent challenges regarding access, curricular clarity and regional articulation.
Doctoral programs are essential for developing research capacity, academic leadership and evidence-based care. Strengthening these programs could enhance nursing responses to local health needs and promote scientific progress in care delivery.
This study provides the first comprehensive mapping of nursing doctoral programs in Ibero-America, highlighting regional disparities and areas for academic collaboration, with potential impact on policy-making, curriculum development, and the strengthening of research capacity in nursing education.
STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology).
No patient or public contribution.
by Sugy Choi, Elizabeth Knopf, Megan A. O’Grady, Ivy Van Domselaar, Jessica Ortiz, Carla King, Charles J. Neighbors, Thomas D’Aunno
BackgroundPregnant and parenting women with substance use disorders (SUDs) face complex and overlapping challenges, including substance use, legal issues, housing instability, and trauma. Effective interorganizational collaboration is critical but often hindered by fragmented care and resource limitations. This study explores the key barriers and facilitators that impact collaborative efforts among healthcare providers, government agencies, and community organizations in addressing SUD among pregnant and parenting women.
MethodsThis qualitative study was conducted in New York State between April 2022 and April 2023. The study focused on organizations that provide services to pregnant and parenting women with SUDs, including government agencies, SUD treatment centers, healthcare settings, and community-based care organizations. Semi-structured, one-on-one interviews were conducted with staff to explore how their organizations coordinate care. Thematic analysis was used to identify patterns related to interorganizational collaboration. Primary data were collected through interviews with 30 staff members across multiple stakeholder groups: child welfare services (n = 8), criminal legal agencies (n = 5), health agencies (n = 3), healthcare service settings (n = 4), SUD treatment programs (n = 6), and community-based organizations (n = 4). Interviews lasted approximately one hour and focused on organizational roles, referral processes, and coordination efforts in serving the target population.
ResultsCollaborative care was primarily facilitated through referral networks, case management teams, and the presence of embedded healthcare professionals. However, these systems were frequently limited by fragmented communication, stigmatizing attitudes, and insufficient resources. Organizational facilitators included co-located healthcare staff within child welfare services and formalized partnerships across sectors. Key barriers included staffing shortages, burnout, and misalignment of organizational goals. At the individual level, collaboration often depended on informal relationships and staff-driven initiatives, though interdisciplinary knowledge gaps remained a significant challenge.
ConclusionsImproving service coordination for pregnant and parenting women with SUDs will require stronger organizational infrastructure, investment in cross-sector communication strategies, and deliberate efforts to address stigma. Future research should explore models that support sustained, formalized interagency partnerships to enhance care integration.
Dementia is a chronic and progressive neurological condition characterised by cognitive and functional impairment. It is often associated with multimorbidity and imposes a significant economic burden on healthcare systems and families, especially in low-income and middle-income countries. In Peru, where dementia cases are increasing rapidly, timely detection and referral for diagnosis is crucial. This protocol is part of the IMPACT Salud project in Peru. Here, we focus on a specific component aimed at validating an mHealth tool for the detection of cognitive and functional impairment and assessing its cost-effectiveness. We will also assess changes in cognitive and functional impairment as well as health economic outcomes over 1 year.
This observational study will be conducted in four geographically diverse regions of Peru. Community health workers are expected to contact approximately 32 000 participants (≥60 years) to apply an mHealth-enabled tool that includes cognitive and functional instruments: Ascertain Dementia 8, Peruvian version of Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale and Pfeffer Functional Activities Questionnaire. From this large sample, we aim to find 3600 participants and their study partners to enrol and interview at baseline regarding sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyles, comorbidities and health economic data including resource use, costs and health-related quality of life (HR-QoL). Psychologists, blind to previous results, will assess dementia stage of the participants using an abbreviated Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale. At 6-month follow-up, participants will complete a brief health economics questionnaire on resource use, costs and HR-QoL. To validate the accuracy of the detection tool, a subsample of 600 participants who completed the baseline will undergo a gold-standard clinical neuropsychological assessment. This subsample will participate in a 12-month follow-up, including health economics, cognitive and functional impairment tests and the CDR scale. Results will be analysed and presented by cognitive status, site, sex and multimorbidity profile. Finally, data from all stages and external sources will inform a decision model to implement a cost-effectiveness analysis of the detection tool at the national level.
The study received ethics approval in Peru (Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia: CONSTANCIA-CIEI-378-33-23) and in the UK (Imperial College London: ICREC/SETREC reference number 6647445). Informed consent will be obtained from participants and their study partners, considering the participant’s capacity to consent. For illiterate participants, consent will be obtained through a witnessed procedure involving study partners, with a fingerprint obtained instead of a signature. The results will be disseminated through conferences, published articles, public presentations (particularly to those involved in dementia care) and presentations or meetings with local health authorities.
Patients with fragility fractures are two times as likely to suffer future fractures as their peers who have not suffered a fracture. In addition, 40% of those who suffer fragility fractures do not recover their level of functioning in terms of activities of daily living after 1 year. The present study aims to verify the hypothesis that a semipersonalised home-based exercise intervention may improve patients’ independence and reduce the number of hospital admissions compared with usual care for a population that suffers fragility fractures.
This parallel-arm single-blinded randomised-controlled trial will take place at the University of Cordoba (Spain) between September 2022 and September 2024. Patients aged >50 years old who have undergone surgery for a fragility hip fracture and who were prefracture independent (Barthel index (BI)>60) will be invited to participate. Patients will be excluded if they present a different type of fracture, mild or greater cognitive impairment or contraindication to exercise training. Patients will then be randomised into exercise or usual care group. The former will receive a daily walking appointment (number of steps to be completed inside home, interspersed with sit-to-stand movements) with the total volume increasing weekly. The latter will receive the usual care. The outcomes, collected at baseline, at the end of training (3 months) and at follow-up (6 months) by blinded operators will include the BI and number of readmissions (primary outcomes) and quality of life, exercise capacity, strength, cognitive status, bone mineral density and laboratory biomarkers (secondary outcomes). Variables related to quality of life, cognitive status, laboratory markers and densitometry will also be analysed.
The research ethics committee of the province of Cordoba approved the project (number 326; date 28 July 2021). Patients who meet the eligibility criteria will receive a patient information document and the consent form and will be encouraged to ask any questions. The proposed research respects the fundamental principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, the Council of Europe Declaration on Human Rights and Biomedicine, the UNESCO Universal Declaration on the Human Genome and Human Rights, and the Oviedo Council on Human Rights and Biomedicine. The data obtained in this study will be confidential. They will be treated by the Organic Law 3/2018, of 5 December, on the Protection of Personal Data and Guarantee of Digital Rights, keeping it strictly confidential and not accessible to unauthorised third parties, and the Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on Data Protection (RGPD). Written informed consent will be obtained from all the participants. The study’s results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at scientific congresses worldwide. The results will also be disseminated through patient advocacy group newsletters and social media platforms. Patient partners will help select the appropriate channels and develop plain-language summaries tailored to their communities’ needs.
ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04934358 (registration date: 14 June 2021).
Safety culture is essential to improving healthcare quality. Paediatric emergency departments are high-risk environments where evaluating safety culture helps identify areas for improvement. This study aimed to analyse the safety culture among professionals in paediatric emergency departments, according to job category and gender.
Multicentre cross-sectional study using the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC).
19 paediatric emergency departments, covering all levels of care.
1843 healthcare professionals were invited to participate; the response rate was 63.8%, and 33% of respondents were nurses. All clinical staff in paediatric emergency departments were eligible. Professionals from other specialties and non-clinical staff were excluded.
The primary outcome was the assessment of patient safety culture using the HSOPSC, following the methodology of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Secondary outcomes included comparisons by job category and gender, and an exploratory cluster analysis.
In terms of patient safety, the main strength was ‘teamwork within units’ (83.65% positive), while the main weakness was ‘staffing’ (61.92% negative). Patient safety was rated with an average score of 7.21 by the participants. Paediatricians rated ‘manager expectations’ significantly higher than nurses (p=0.023) and residents (p=0.026). Paediatricians gave more positive responses overall, with significant differences in ‘communication openness’, ‘feedback and communication’, ‘non-punitive response’ and ‘teamwork across units’, though none were classified as strengths. Cluster analysis showed that the group with more paediatricians identified more strengths and no weaknesses, while the group with more nurses and nursing assistants showed no strengths and significant weaknesses in ‘overall safety perception’, ‘staffing’ and ‘management support’.
Safety culture in paediatric emergency departments is acceptable, but still far from excellent, indicating ample room for improvement. Differences between professional categories, especially between paediatricians and nurses, highlight the need for targeted safety strategies and leadership involvement.
Chagas disease (CD) is one of the most neglected diseases in the world. In Latin America, CD is endemic in 21 countries, with an estimated 70 million people at risk of infection. Current treatments are limited to two nitroheterocyclic compounds: nifurtimox and benznidazole (BZN). Each has significant limitations, including long duration and safety concerns. However, data from recently completed studies suggest that reduced-duration regimens may be equally effective while enhancing safety.
NuestroBen is a phase III, randomised, multicentre clinical trial designed to assess whether shorter (2- and 4-week) regimens of BZN are non-inferior to the standard 8-week treatment. A total of 540 adult participants with no evidence of organ damage (the indeterminate form) or with mild cardiac progression (mild electrocardiographic alterations and without systolic dysfunction or symptoms), all in the chronic phase of CD, will be recruited at six study sites in Argentina and two study sites in Bolivia. Participants will be randomised to receive one of the two shortened regimens of BZN (300 mg per day for 2 or 4 weeks) or standard treatment (300 mg per day for 8 weeks). The primary endpoint is sustained elimination of parasitaemia from the end of treatment through 12 months of follow-up. Secondary endpoints will assess sustained clearance of parasitaemia at 1, 4, 6 and 8 months of follow-up from the end of treatment, drug tolerability and adherence to treatment. NuestroBen will also evaluate whether two shortened regimens of BZN improve drug tolerability and treatment adherence compared with the current standard treatment while maintaining efficacy in participants with the indeterminate form of CD or with mild cardiac involvement.
In Argentina, this study was approved by Fundación de Estudios Farmacológicos y Medicamentos ‘Luis M. Zieher’ for its conduct at the Instituto de Cardiología de Corrientes ‘Juana Francisca Cabral’ (reference: NuestroBen-2020/2021) and the Instituto Nacional de Parasitología ‘Dr. Mario Fatala Chaben’ (reference: NuestroBen-2020/2021) by Comité Institucional de Ética de Investigación en Salud for the Centro de Chagas y Patología Regional de Santiago del Estero (reference: NuestroBen-2020-088/2021), by Comité de Ética en Investigación for the Hospital de Infecciosas F.J. Muñiz (reference: NuestroBen-2020–4037) and the Hospital General de Agudos D.F. Santojanni (reference: NuestroBen-2020–4039) and by Comité de Bioética for the Fundación Huésped (reference: NuestroBen-2020/2021). In Bolivia, it was approved by Comité de Ética en Investigación en Salud from the Universidad Autónoma Juan Misael Saracho (reference: NuestroBen-2020/2025). All participants are asked to provide written informed consent to participate. Recruitment processes started in July 2023, and as of 15 June 2025, 140 participants have been recruited. Findings will be shared with Argentinian and Bolivian public health officials and with the Chagas and tropical medicine communities via international conferences. Findings will also be published in medical journals.
Head and neck cancer (HNC) accounts for over 4% of global cancer incidence, yet the oncological treatment induces several sequelae such as oral dysfunction, cervical and shoulder impairments or pain that are not well addressed. Thus, survivors of HNC (sHNC) perceive a decrease in their quality of life (QoL). This study protocol aims to investigate the effects of manual therapy (MT) to determine the effectiveness and safety on oral opening, swallow function and upper quarter mobility, cervical muscle strength, pain, functionality and QoL of sHNC.
A randomised controlled trial will include 70 sHNC over 18 years of age and will be divided into two groups. Intervention will last for 6 weeks with a total of 18 sessions, including MT targeting mastication and head and neck muscles. The control group will receive motor control exercises. The main outcomes will be oral opening and swallow function. An intention-to-treat analysis will be performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention, which will be further determined with the calculation of effect sizes expressed in Cohen’s d.
The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Universidad de La Frontera (File 001_24) according to the Helsinki Declaration for Biomedical Research. All participants will provide informed consent. Study results will be published in open access peer-reviewed journals and may be shared at relevant meetings and research meetings.
This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov on 28 November 2023 (code: NCT06148077).
The development of mental disorders is multifactorial across the lifespan. The introduction of the exposome concept has enhanced the understanding of life-course environmental factors by encompassing the totality of environmental exposures. While most studies on chronic diseases have applied a single-exposure approach, the exposome approach remains underutilised in mental disorder research. There is a need to better recognise the environmental factors considered in exposome analysis of mental disorders, the methodologies used and the gaps reported. This scoping review aims to map the evidence on the relationship between the exposome and mental disorders across the lifespan, identifying and describing the methodologies used and highlighting the gaps reported.
This scoping review will follow PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines and the Population-Concept-Context approach. It will include observational and interventional studies involving populations of all ages in the community or healthcare settings. The search strategy will contain indexed terms in MEDLINE and will be adapted for CINAHL (EBSCO), Scopus, Embase and PsycINFO without restrictions on language or date of publication. For the selection of articles, two independent researchers will screen articles by title and abstract, followed by a full-text assessment. Afterwards, the extracted data will be summarised using a narrative and descriptive analysis.
Ethics approval is not required for this scoping review. Dissemination activities will include peer-reviewed publications and academic presentations.
Objetivo: diseño de una intervención psicoeducativa de enfermería para el control del peso gestacional en mujeres embarazadas mexicanas basado en Modelo de Promoción de la Salud. Método: Uso de teorías en el diseño de intervenciones. Resultados: Los determinantes que se utilizaron para el diseño de la intervención, fue la autoeficacia, barreras percibidas e intenciones de implementación. Se diseñaron dos manuales, uno para el facilitador y otro para el participante. Conclusiones: El modelo de promoción de la salud es útil para guiar intervenciones psicoeducativas.
RESUMEN
Objetivo: describir la percepción del personal de enfermería que brinda cuidado durante la pandemia por Covid-19. Metodología: estudio cualitativo descriptivo con análisis de contenido temático e inductivo, la selección de participantes fue por muestreo no probabilístico e intencionado, 50 enfermeros que laboran en la unidad de cuidado intensivo adulto y hospitalización. Se aplicó entrevista para la recolección de datos, que partió de una pregunta central, el análisis se realizó según planteamientos propuestos por Tinto. Resultados: emergieron tres temas con sus unidades de significado. Cuidado de enfermería durante la pandemia: mezcla de emociones. Separación familiar como medida de cuidado. Trabajo en equipo una estrategia de afrontamiento. Conclusión: Los desafíos a los cuales el personal de enfermería se ha enfrentado en esta pandemia ha llevado a la presencia de un sin número de manifestaciones emocionales que deben ser tenidas en cuenta para el manejo psicoemocional y prevención de secuelas a largo plazo.
Colombia enfrenta constantes desafíos en la gestión del riesgo de emergencias y desastres, demandando la participación activa de todos los actores del territorio nacional. Reconociendo el papel esencial de la disciplina enfermera en el cuidado de individuos y comunidades en situaciones de riesgo, se llevó a cabo una investigación-acción-participativa con el objetivo de promover la participación de una comunidad en la gestión del riesgo de emergencias y desastres de su municipio. La investigación se estructuro en 4 etapas en las cuales se recogieron datos mediante entrevistas, video-paseos y talleres comunitarios, que fueron procesados en el software Atlas.Ti mediante análisis de contenido. Se logró un proceso de co-creación en el cual la comunidad identificó los riesgos locales, asumió un rol activo en la prevención y mitigación de los mismos y aportó en la construcción de una herramienta innovadora que utiliza la tecnología para involucrar a la comunidad en la gestión del riesgo. Se concluyó que la inclusión de la comunidad en la gestión del riesgo posibilita la comprensión contextualizada del riesgo y fomenta un cambio social liderado por la comunidad, reflejado en la generación de estrategias adaptadas a sus necesidades particulares.
As the awareness on violent deaths from guns, drugs, and suicides emerges as a public health crisis in the United States, attempts to prevent injury and mortality through nursing research are critical. The National Violent Death Reporting System provides public health surveillance of US violent deaths; however, understanding the National Violent Death Reporting System's research utility is limited. The purpose of our rapid review of the 2019-2023 literature was to understand to what extent artificial intelligence methods are being used with the National Violent Death Reporting System. We identified 16 National Violent Death Reporting System artificial intelligence studies, with more than half published after 2020. The text-rich content of National Violent Death Reporting System enabled researchers to center their artificial intelligence approaches mostly on natural language processing (50%) or natural language processing and machine learning (37%). Significant heterogeneity in approaches, techniques, and processes was noted across the studies, with critical methods information often lacking. The aims and focus of National Violent Death Reporting System studies were homogeneous and mostly examined suicide among nurses and older adults. Our findings suggested that artificial intelligence is a promising approach to the National Violent Death Reporting System data with significant untapped potential in its use. Artificial intelligence may prove to be a powerful tool enabling nursing scholars and practitioners to reduce the number of preventable, violent deaths. This study aims to describe the prototype development and testing of a serious game designed for Brazilian children with diabetes. Following an approach of user-centered design, the researchers assessed game's preferences and diabetes learning needs to develop a Paper Prototype. The gameplay strategies included diabetes pathophysiology, self-care tasks, glycemic management, and food group learning. Diabetes and technology experts (n = 12) tested the prototype during audio-recorded sessions. Next, they answered a survey to evaluate the content, organization, presentation, and educational game aspects. The prototype showed a high content validity ratio (0.80), with three items not achieving the critical values (0.66). Experts recommended improving the game content and food illustrations. This evaluation contributed to the medium-fidelity prototype version, which after testing with diabetes experts (n = 12) achieved high content validity values (0.88). One item did not meet the critical values. Experts suggested increasing the options of outdoor activities and meals. Researchers also observed and video-recorded children with diabetes (n = 5) playing the game with satisfactory interaction. They considered the game enjoyable. The interdisciplinary team plays an important role guiding the designers in the use of theories and real needs of children. Prototypes are a low-cost usability and a successful method for evaluating games. Objetivo principal: Clarificar el significado de estrés de aculturación del inmigrante hispano, además de conocer cada una de las dimensiones y características propias del concepto, con la finalidad de comprender mejor las necesidades de la persona inmigrante que vive en los Estados Unidos. Metodología: El análisis de concepto se hizo a través de los ocho pasos propuestos por Walker y Avant. Resultados principales: Se identificaron tres dimensiones del concepto estrés de aculturación: (1) estresores personales, (2) estresores del entorno y (3) estresores sociales. Como antecedentes del concepto se identificó el arrepentimiento, la culpa y negación. En general, las consecuencias se reflejan en la salud mental del inmigrante hispano. Además, se reconoció los instrumentos de medi-ción que evalúan el estrés de aculturación. Conclusión principal: Se obtuvo una definición clara del concepto estrés de aculturación desde la perspectiva del inmigrante hispano, que ayudará a estimar la validez de constructo de las mediciones de este concepto. Las dimensiones reportadas con mayor frecuencia son consideradas en el inventario de estrés en hispanos, sin embargo, se recomienda analizar la validez de constructo del concepto. Sería importante considerar las consecuencias derivadas del estrés de aculturación en la prevención y tratamiento de la salud mental.
FreshRSS 