Knowledge and perception about the welfare and mistreatment of dogs in Brazil

by Gabriela Ferreira Siano, Camila Stefanie Fonseca de Oliveira, Felipe Gaia de Sousa, Suzane Lilian Beier, Adriane Pimenta da Costa-Val

Animal welfare encompasses the overall well-being of an animal, spanning both its physical and mental health, assessable through potential measurements. It stands in contrast to mistreatment, which involves actions, direct or indirect, that endanger an animal’s well-being. This study sought to appraise the factors influencing the Brazilian population’s understanding of dog welfare and mistreatment. The survey questions were adapted from the Animal Welfare Examination Protocol, utilized by veterinarians to evaluate suspected passive abuse cases in dogs. Out of 1377 responses, 1353 were valid and analyzed. Among the 19 assessed indicators, 15 demonstrated an adequate response rate surpassing 90% of all 1353 responses. However, for three questions related to comfort, a smaller yet notable percentage of responses were only minimally adequate. Moreover, in one question within the comfort assessment, 186 participants (13.74%) provided inadequate responses. This implies that these people could potentially subject animals to a state of low Animal Welfare. Lack of knowledge emerged as a potential root of passive abuse, specifically negligence. In the assessment of nutritional indicators, water supply and quality received unanimous adequate responses. In evaluating comfort perceptions, significant associations were noted between gender, dog ownership, family income, and responses regarding resting surface. Regarding health indicators, the majority responded appropriately. Female gender and dog ownership correlated with providing the appropriate response, while not owning a dog was associated with minimally adequate responses. In the context of comfort indicators, "Hitting the Dog" also demonstrated an association with gender, with females tending towards appropriate responses. Given the lack of significant correlation between educational levels and the most suitable responses, it underscores the urgency of implementing environmental education programs in schools with a focus on animal protection.

Necessidades humanas básicas em gestantes de alto risco obstétrico analisadas sob a Teoria de Wanda Horta

Objetivo: identificar as necessidades humanas básicas de gestantes de alto risco hospitalizadas com base na Teoria de Wanda Horta. Método: pesquisa-cuidado realizada com dezesseis gestantes de alto risco hospitalizadas em maternidade de referência no Ceará entre setembro e novembro de 2019. As informações foram coletadas através de diário de campo e formulário para caracterização das gestantes e registros das necessidades humanas básicas. Os resultados foram analisados por estatística descritiva simples e abordagem compreensiva à luz do referencial de Wanda Horta. Resultados: as gestantes apresentaram necessidades psicobiológicas, psicossociais e psicoespirituais, sendo prevalentes: ausência de atividades de lazer, insegurança emocional, conhecimento deficiente, sono e repouso prejudicado e atividades físicas restritas por indicação de repouso. Considerações finais: acredita-se que o raciocínio crítico e o julgamento clínico dos enfermeiros estiveram focados na individualidade das gestantes, identificando necessidades nos três níveis propostos pela teoria, apontando caminhos para qualificar a assistência de enfermagem às gestantes de alto risco.

Non-pharmacological therapies for pain management in paediatric intensive care units: a protocol for a scoping review

Introduction

In critically ill children, pain management is complex owing to cognitive development and the nature of hospitalisation in paediatric intensive therapy units. Although there are many protocols and guidelines for pain control via pharmacological interventions, non-pharmacological practices should also be explored and disseminated for their potential benefit.

Methods and analysis

A systematic literature search will be performed using the following databases: Academic Search Premier, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Library, Excerpta Medica Database, Virtual Health Library, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, Theses from Coordenacão de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Dart Europe, Open Access Theses and Dissertations and grey literature from Google Scholar. The research will consider quantitative and qualitative studies, mixed-method studies, systematic reviews, text articles, opinion articles, letters to editors and editorials in any language and from any database. The following will be eligible for inclusion: (1) newborns, infants, children and adolescents; and (2) non-pharmacological therapies used for pain in paediatric intensive care.

Ethics and dissemination

This study does not require ethical approval. The results of this research will be disseminated through social media channels and podcasts about pain in children.

Trial registration number

This protocol has been registered with the Open Science Framework (DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/DZHKT).

Indices for measurement of sustainable diets: A scoping review

by Rosa Sá de Oliveira Neta, Severina Carla Vieira Cunha Lima, Lorena Lima do Nascimento, Camila Valdejane Silva de Souza, Clélia de Oliveira Lyra, Dirce Maria Lobo Marchioni, Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli da Costa Oliveira

Introduction

The current food system is associated with negative impacts on health, food insecurity and environmental harm. Sustainable diets have attracted increasing interest and novel proposals with a global scope have emerged. This scoping review aims to give an overview of the analysis of all the available evidence related to the sustainable diet indices that have been developed based on the EAT-Lancet Commission.

Methods

Searches were conducted in the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus and Science Direct databases. This review was conducted following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The target population were studies addressed the use of an index or metric for assessing sustainable diets based on the EAT-Lancet Commission Summary Report were included. PCC acronym was used in the design of the study to describe eligibility criteria: P (Population)—Indexes; C (Concept)—Sustainable diets; C (Context)—Knowledge on the structure and applicability of measurement indices of sustainable diets based on EAT-Lancet recommendations available in the literature. Study eligibility criteria were restricted to papers published in English, from January 2019 through October 2022, with no population restriction.

Results

A total of 1,458 papers were retrieved, 14 of which were included in the review. Seven measures of sustainable diets were identified as follow: EAT-Lancet diet score (ELD-I), New EAT-Lancet diet score (EAT), Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI), Sustainable Diet Index (SDI), Sustainable-HEalthy-Diet (SHED), novel Nutrient-Based EAT index (NB-EAT) and World Index for Sustainability and Health (WISH). Most studies were conducted in developed countries, where greater adherence to this type of diet was found. Estimated greenhouse gas emissions was the most reported indicator of sustainability, followed by diet quality and the benefits of sustainable diets with regards to health outcomes.

Discussion

We identified barriers that hinder progress towards sustainable diets, including the difficulty of comparing different indices and the tendency to neglect social aspects and the lack of common definitions and metrics. Despite being challenge, we highlight the importance of using indices that assess sustainable diets that harmonize various indicators, as recommended by the EAT-Lancet Commission, in order to promote positive changes towards a more sustainable future.

Safety culture in maternity hospital: Perception of nurse‐midwives

Abstract

Aim

To explore nurse-midwives' perceptions of safety culture in maternity hospitals.

Design

A descriptive phenomenological study was conducted using focus groups and reported following the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research.

Methods

Data were obtained through two online focus group sessions in June 2022 with 13 nurse-midwives from two maternity hospitals in the central region of Portugal. The first focus group comprised 6 nurse-midwives, and the second comprised 7 nurse-midwives. Qualitative data were analysed using content analysis.

Findings

Two main themes emerged from the data: (i) barriers to promoting a safety culture; (ii) safety culture promotion strategies. The first theme is supported by four categories: ineffective communication, unproductive management, instability in teams and the problem of errors in care delivery. The second theme is supported by two categories: managers' commitment to safety and the promotion of effective communication.

Conclusion

The study results show that the safety culture in maternity hospitals is compromised by ineffective communication, team instability, insufficient allocation of nurse-midwives, a prevailing punitive culture and underreporting of adverse events. These highlight the need for managers to commit to providing better working conditions, encourage training with the development of a fairer safety culture and encourage reporting and learning from mistakes. There is also a need to invest in team leaders who allow better conflict management and optimization of communication skills is essential.

Impact

Disseminating these results will provide relevance to the safety culture problem, allowing greater awareness of nurse-midwives and managers about vulnerable areas, and lead to the implementation of effective changes for safe maternal and neonatal care.

Patient or Public Contribution

There was no patient or public contribution as the study only concerned service providers, that is, nurse-midwives themselves.

Acciones de la enfermería láser y la estomaterapia: revisión integradora

Objetivo principal: Identificar en la literatura las acciones de la enfermería en láser y estomaterapia.Metodología:Revisión integradora de la literatura realizada en abril de 2022, mediante consulta de las Bases de Datos Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS) a partir de los cruces de los descriptores, se realizó una encuesta bibliográfica en las siguientes bases de datos: Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS) y Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina (MEDLINE). Resultados principales: Se incluyeron once artículos en la muestra, que destacan el uso de la terapia láser de baja intensidad en la cicatrización de heridas con efectos positivos, su uso por parte de la enfermera profesional y la especialización en estomaterapia, poniendo al profesional en el punto de mira. Conclusión principal:La importancia del uso de las nuevas tecnologías en la cicatrización de heridas, como el láser siendo la enfermera el pilar de esta atención, pudiendo especializarse en el área de la estomaterapia, pero es necesario profundizar en la investigación en esta área por parte de las enfermeras.

Papel del equipo de enfermería durante la atención al paciente con sospecha de Infarto Agudo de miocardio

Objetivos: Describir el papel del equipo de enfermería en el cuidado de pacientes con sospecha de infarto agudo del miocardio. Metodo-logía: revisión integradora de la literatura, utilizando las bases de datos MEDLINE, PUBMED, LILACS, CUIDEN, CINAHL, y las Prácticas Recomendadas de la Sociedad Brasileña de Cardiología. Se incluyeron publicaciones de 2010 a 2021, que estuvieran en portugués y de acceso gratuito. Resultados: se obtuvo una muestra final de 26 artículos, siendo seleccionados y agrupados en tres categorías temáti-cas: A) Conocimiento del equipo de enfermeria sobre los protocolos para el atendimiento a los pacientes con sospecha de Infarto agudo de miocardio B) la Sistematización de la asistencia de enfermeria durante el atendimiento inicial; C) Papel del equipo de enfermeria. Conclusiones: el equipo de enfermeria es visto como parte fundamental en las unidades de atención, por lo tanto, es necesario actualizar a estos profesionales para un mejor soporte técnico y científico, basado en la evidencia.

Eventos adversos en la atención de pacientes en hemodiálisis en unidades de cuidados intensivos

Objetivo principal: El objetivo fue identificar y analizar eventos adversos en la atención de pacientes en hemodiálisis en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo desarrollado en una clínica de hemodiálisis, que subcontrata el servicio de hemodiálisis a 10 unidades de cuidados intensivos en hospitales de Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil. Se realizó una evaluación de los indicadores de evaluación de los servicios de hemodiálisis con el fin de elevar los eventos adversos en los últimos seis meses. Resultados principales: La mayoría de los pacientes fueron sometidos a hemodiálisis mediante catéter venoso central de doble lumen, con predominio del sexo masculino y mayores de 60 años. En los seis meses se identificaron 1.988 sesiones de hemodiálisis, 228 eventos adversos que generaron interrupción del tratamiento, producto de fallas en tecnología sanitaria, fallas en el acceso vascular, alteración hemodinámica y metabólica del paciente o por orden médica. Conclusión principal: Los eventos adversos identificados en la atención de pacientes en hemodiálisis en una unidad de cuidados intensivos provocaron la interrupción de la sesión de tratamiento de diálisis. Fueron: fallas en la tecnología de la salud, fallas en el acceso vascular y cambios hemodinámicos y metabólicos.

Business Intelligence como herramienta de apoyo en la identificación de casos de suicidio en RS – Brasil

Introducción: Actualmente, el uso de tecnologías innovadoras ha ayudado a los profesionales a gestionar mejor el volumen de información de manera inteligente, para facilitar y optimizar el uso de acciones y prácticas preventivas. Entendido como un recurso capaz de expandir o acceder a datos, nuestro objetivo es analizar el tema del suicidio en Rio Grande do Sul, en el período de 2010 a 2019, desde el portal municipal de Business Intelligence. Método: Una investigación es de naturaleza cuantitativa, de tipo descriptivo, basada en los registros de muertes por suicidio en el estado de Rio Grande do Sul, escuchada por el portal público de inteligencia empresarial (BI). Los datos fueron analizados, basados en el número bruto de muertes por suicidio en la macro-región del Sur, registrada en el Portal BI / DGTI. Se realizó una descripción del número de muertes según el año, el sexo, el grupo de edad y la tasa de suicidios. Resultados: un total de 11,774 muertes por suicidio, registradas en los últimos 10 años, o el número más alto que ocurrió en los años 2017 y 2019, entre los hombres, con tasas más altas en los grupos de edad entre 20 y 69 años. Una tasa más alta registrada fue en 2019, con 12.41 muertes por cada 100,000 habitantes. Concluimos con este estudio sobre el uso de Bussiness Intelligence, que permite acciones más efectivas en la prevención del suicidio.