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Introducción: Existe una tendencia mundial de incremento en los índices de sobrepeso y obesidad en niños menores de 5 años. Las creencias, percepciones y actitudes de las madres hacia las prácticas de alimentación y la obesidad tienen implicaciones directas sobre la salud del hijo. Objetivo: Explorar creencias sobre prácticas de alimentación y obesidad infantil entre madres con hijos menores de cinco años del noroeste de México. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo de aproximación etnográfica. Mediante un muestreo propositivo se realizaron nueve entrevistas semiestructuradas a mujeres que contaban con un promedio de 12 años de educación. Resultados: Las creencias incluyeron inseguridad para asumir el rol de madre, una baja percepción de apoyo familiar y creencias que no se alineaban con las recomendaciones de la lactancia materna exclusiva e introducción de alimentos complementarios. Además, estas tenían la creencia de que la obesidad no es un problema debido a la corta edad de sus hijos. Conclusiones: Existe una ambivalencia entre las creencias de las participantes y sus prácticas con relación a la alimentación y la obesidad infantil. Es imperativo desarrollar estrategias de educación y comunicación que proporcionen información basada en evidencia, de fácil acceso y disponible para madres con la intención de prevenir problemas de nutrición durante la primera infancia.
Este estudio tiene como objetivo comprender las prácticas de los cuidadores indígenas en contexto de cambio cultural. Parte de la idea de la necesidad de construir bases etnográficas que sirvan de insumos para la implementación de los enfoques de salud intercultural y enfermería transcultural, así como parte de la evidencia que facilite las prácticas de salud, a partir de descripciones competentes que ayuden a comprender la diversidad cultural de las poblaciones humanas. El abordaje metodológico se realizó desde la investigación cualitativa, con enfoque etnográfico, combinando revisión documental y entrevistas semiestructuradas a 44 personas. Se identificaron códigos, agrupados en subcategorías y categorías. Se encontraron varios tipos de cuidadores, de los cuales, se consideraron relevantes el médico tradicional y la partera. Sus prácticas se basan en saberes de la dimensión material y espiritual, entre las que se destaca el uso de plantas medicinales, rezo, interpretación de los sueños y ceremonias colectivas. Además, su labor depende del reconocimiento social, estatus del cuidador y rol en la organización social. Los modelos interculturales deben tener en cuenta a los cuidadores, en el marco de estrategias basadas en el diálogo de saberes y la participación.
This article presents the findings of a qualitative study focusing on the experiences of people aged over 70 years in the interpersonal nurse–patient care relationship in hospital settings during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim was to analyse different aspects of this relationship, including nurses' behaviour and caring attitudes, the person-centred model of care, patients' involvement in their own care and communication in the hospital context.
An exploratory qualitative study was conducted on the basis of an interpretative framework.
Six focus groups were conducted. A total of 34 participants were purposively recruited from three nursing homes in Spain, Italy and Portugal. Specific inclusion criteria were used to select participants.
Five main categories were identified. Analysis revealed the importance of empathy and sensitivity in caring relationships, as well as the need for personalized and patient-centred care. The importance of effective communication and recognition of ageist behaviour by professionals was highlighted. In addition, independent of the pandemic, situational factors in the hospital environment were identified that influence the interpersonal care relationship.
The study highlights the need to promote a person-centred model of care that takes into account the specific preferences and needs of older people. This is achieved by identifying elements of the interpersonal nurse–patient relationship. In addition to highlighting the disparity of opinion regarding an active or passive role in self-care and decision making, the importance of addressing ageism and improving communication is emphasized.
The importance of the patient–nurse relationship in hospital care has been highlighted in previous studies. Critical elements of the patient care experience have been identified as empathy and effective communication. Ageism in healthcare has been recognized as a potential barrier to patient-centred care.
The main findings highlight the importance of empathy and personalized care, emphasize the importance of effective communication and address ageist behaviours in the nurse–patient relationship.
By highlighting the need for person-centred care and improved communication strategies, particularly in the context of caring for older patients during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, this research will have an impact on healthcare professionals, policy makers and carers.
The COREQ guideline was used.
This study adopted a collaborative approach to ensure that patient perspectives were integrated into the research process. We organized regular focus groups. Patients were actively involved in shaping the research questions, refining the study design and interpreting the emerging findings. Their valuable input helped us to understand the nuances of their experience and to prioritize the aspects that were critical to their well-being. In addition, their insights guided the development of practical recommendations aimed at improving the interpersonal care relationship between nurses and patients in hospital settings, ensuring that their voices were heard and reflected in the proposed interventions. This patient-centred approach fostered a sense of empowerment among the participants. It reinforced the notion that their experiences and opinions are integral to shaping healthcare practice.
To identify culturally related stressors that influence self-care in Chinese older adults with multiple chronic conditions.
Effective self-care can improve health outcomes for chronic conditions, but implementing self-care is challenging. Individuals with multiple chronic conditions face even more self-care complexity than those with single chronic conditions, generating additional stressors. Although stressors have been found to negatively influence self-care in multiple chronic conditions, the role of culture in generating stressors has been neglected.
This paper reports on the qualitative component of a larger mixed-methods study. Two free-response items in a survey were used to identify culturally related stressors that influence self-care. This report adhered to the SRQR guideline checklist.
Data were collected between January and April 2022. One hundred and thirty-eight free text responses asking participants to identify stressors that influenced their self-care effectiveness were analysed sequentially using deductive content analysis and thematic analysis.
Findings from deductive content analysis largely confirmed published work in Western literature on stressors complicating self-care, including symptom burdens, financial strains, social disconnection, caregiving responsibilities and major life events. Findings from reflexive thematic analysis extended current literature by identifying three culturally relevant stressors: intergenerational obligations and commitments, ambivalence about receiving care and worries about potential problems.
Chinese older adults with multiple chronic conditions identified a wide range of stressors that impacted their day-to-day self-care. This study provided valuable insights into culturally related stressors in older adults with multiple chronic conditions. Findings deepened our knowledge of cultural influences on the success of self-care in older adults with multiple chronic conditions, suggesting the potential for reaching populations across different cultures and regions.
Stressors that might influence self-care ability are important for nurses to assess in people with multiple chronic conditions. The design of self-care interventions should take a culturally tailored intergenerational family-centred approach to help mitigate the impact of stressors and ultimately improve patient outcomes.
What problem did the study address?
Stressors documented in older adults with MCCs have all been generated from research with Western populations. China is now home to the largest population of older people in the world. Understanding the influence of culturally relevant stressors on self-care in Chinese older adults with MCCs is lacking.
What were the main findings?
Findings from deductive content analysis largely confirmed published work in Western literature on stressors that complicated self-care, including symptom burdens, financial strains, social disconnection, caregiving responsibilities and major life events. Findings from reflexive thematic analysis extended current literature by identifying three culturally relevant stressors in older adults with MCCs in China: intergenerational obligations and commitments, ambivalence about receiving care and worries about potential problems.
Where and on whom will the research have an impact?
The research will have an impact on guiding nurses' assessment of culturally relevant stressors' impact on self-care for older adults with MCCs. In addition, findings could inform research and policy development to aim at mitigating the impact of culturally based stressors on self-care.
This study adhered to the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR) guideline checklist.
During the member-checking process, the validation of findings for accuracy was carried out by 10 participants, who also found resonance between these findings and their own experiences.
by Elaine Cristina Teixeira, Lucas Freires Abreu, Fernando Antônio de Souza, Walter José Rodrigues Matrangolo, Karina Toledo da Silva, Luciano Soares de Lima, Hemilly Cristina Menezes de Sa, Ângela Maria Quintão Lana
Legumes shrubs such as Cratylia argentea have an ability to thrive in environments with low water availability and poor soil. On the other hand, forage grasses such as Tifton 85 have a greater demand for inputs to be productive. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of growing and finishing Lacaune lambs fed Cratylia argentea hay as an alternative to Tifton 85 (Cynodon spp). Twenty-four Lacaune lambs aged between five and six months (average body weight [BW] 21.50 ± 3.38 kg) were arranged in a split-plot randomized block design. The plots consisted of different Cratylia to Tifton 85 hay proportions (0, 20%, 40%, or 100%, dry matter [DM] basis) as a roughage replacement in the total diet. The subplots represented two evaluation times, entitled “initial period” and “final period”, which consisted of the early seven days of total feces and urine collection, and the last seven days of the experiment, respectively. The lambs were blocked by weight with six replicates per treatment. The results show that the level of Tifton 85 replacement for Cratylia hay in the roughage portion of the lamb diet did not influence (P > 0.05) weight gain (WG), dry matter intake or dry matter digestibility; feed conversion, feed efficiency; and the evaluated nitrogen balance variables. The digestibility coefficient of neutral detergent fiber decreased linearly as Tifton 85 replacement for Cratylia level was increased, which probably happened due to the presence of highly lignified material within the Cratylia hay. However, the alternative legume maintained animal performance of Tifton 85. In conclusion, Cratylia hay can be recommended as a potential substitute for Tifton 85 hay, which requires greater inputs for the production. Cratylia may be considered a feeding strategy for livestock production, especially for smallholder livestock systems and regions with unfavorable soil and climate.Cerebral palsy (CP) is one of the leading causes of childhood disability globally with a high burden in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Preliminary findings from the global LMIC CP Register (GLM CPR) suggest that the majority of CP in LMICs are due to potentially preventable causes. Such data are lacking in the Latin American region. Generating comparable epidemiological data on CP from this region could enable translational research and services towards early diagnosis and early intervention. We aim to establish a Latin American multicountry network and online data repository of CP called Latin American Cerebral Palsy Register (LATAM-CPR).
The LATAM-CPR will be modelled after the GLM CPR and will support new and emerging Latin American CP registers following a harmonised protocol adapted from the GLM CPR and piloted in Argentina (ie, Argentine Register of Cerebral Palsy). Both population-based and institution-based surveillance mechanisms will be adopted for registration of children with CP aged less than 18 years to the participating CP registers. The data collection form of the LATAM-CPR will include risk factors, clinical profile, rehabilitation, socioeconomical status of children with CP. Descriptive data on the epidemiology of CP from each participating country will be reported, country-specific and regional data will be compared.
Individual CP registers have applied ethics approval from respective national human research ethics committees (HREC) and/or institutional review boards prior to the establishment and inclusion into the LATAM-CPR. Ethical approval for LATAM-CPR has already been obtained from the HREC in the two countries that started (Argentina and Mexico). Findings will be disseminated and will be made publicly available through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and social media communications.
Objetivo principal: Evidenciar la seguridad del inicio de vasopresores mediante un catéter venoso periférico corto en pacientes adultos con diagnóstico de choque séptico, a través de la metodología Enfermería Basada en Evidencia. Metodología: Revisión sistemática. La búsqueda de evidencia se realizó en dos periodos, del 15 al 23 de septiembre del 2022 y del 3 al 20 de octubre del 2022, se utilizaron fuentes de búsqueda e información: base de datos PubMed y el buscador Google académico. Resultados principales: Se evaluaron 19679 pacientes, el tiempo de administración de la infusión fue de 101.05 horas, con una duración media de 22.63 horas, el evento adverso con más incidencia fue la extravasación con duración media de 7.5 horas, el vasopresor más utilizado fue la norepinefrina. Conclusión principal: Administrar vasopresores por vía periférica es seguro, considerando factores que reducirían significativamente el riesgo de complicaciones.
Objetivo principal: Determinar el conocimiento y las actitudes con relación a la resistencia a los antibióticos de los estudiantes de Enfermería. Metodología: Se envió una encuesta a los estudiantes de Enfermería de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud en la que se recogía información sobre frecuencia de uso de antibióticos en el último año, conocimientos sobre antibióticos, posibles reacciones adversas, la resistencia y actitudes relacionadas con el uso de estos. Resultados principales: 167 estudiantes respondieron al cuestionario, 75 (45,7%) indicaron que habían tomado antibióticos en el último año y 159 (97%) habían oído hablar de la resistencia antimicrobiana. Los estudiantes demostraron una buena actitud con más del 90% de respuestas correctas a la mayoría de los ítems. Conclusión principal: Los estudiantes de enfermería tenían un conocimiento adecuado de los antibióticos y hacían un buen uso de ellos. Sin embargo, hubo un uso excesivo de antibióticos por parte de los estudiantes. Se proponen charlas y/o talleres, entre otros, para mejorar los resultados.
La histeroscopia es un procedimiento con finalidad terapéutica y de diagnóstico, permitiendo una visión directa de la cavidad uterina. Es relativamente sencillo pero no exento de complicaciones. La solución más comúnmente utilizada para la distensión es glicina 1.5% debi-do a su baja viscosidad, bajo costo, transparencia y compatibilidad con electrocirugía. Una de las complicaciones más temidas durante la cirugía histeroscópica es hemodilución por absorción de medios de distensión. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 64 años, con ab-sorción excesiva de glicina durante una histeroscopia. Destacamos la importancia de una vigilancia continua y una comunicación efectiva entre el equipo quirúrgico: ginecólogo, anestesiólogo y equipo de enfermería. Sin duda, esto nos permite identificar los factores de riesgo que pueden prevenir la absorción intraoperatoria de estos fluidos, así como establecer un diagnóstico temprano y aplicar un tratamiento oportuno y eficaz para minimizar complicaciones.
La histeroscopia es un procedimiento con finalidad terapéutica y de diagnóstico, permitiendo una visión directa de la cavidad uterina. Es relativamente sencillo pero no exento de complicaciones. La solución más comúnmente utilizada para la distensión es glicina 1.5% debi-do a su baja viscosidad, bajo costo, transparencia y compatibilidad con electrocirugía. Una de las complicaciones más temidas durante la cirugía histeroscópica es hemodilución por absorción de medios de distensión. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 64 años, con ab-sorción excesiva de glicina durante una histeroscopia. Destacamos la importancia de una vigilancia continua y una comunicación efectiva entre el equipo quirúrgico: ginecólogo, anestesiólogo y equipo de enfermería. Sin duda, esto nos permite identificar los factores de riesgo que pueden prevenir la absorción intraoperatoria de estos fluidos, así como establecer un diagnóstico temprano y aplicar un tratamiento oportuno y eficaz para minimizar complicaciones.
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