Necesidades de cuidado en la persona consumidora de alcohol en un contexto hospitalario

Introducción: El consumo de alcohol es considerado uno de los transcendentales factores de riesgo de discapacidad y muerte prematura. Develar el sentido de la experiencia de la persona consumidora de alcohol en cuanto a las necesidades de cuidado en el contexto hospitalario incentiva que enfermería brinde un cuidado humano. Objetivo: Comprender las necesidades de cuidado en un contexto hospitalario de la persona que consume alcohol. Método: Investigación cualitativa fenomenológica. Muestreo por conveniencia, participaron 07 hombres y 02 mujeres que consumen alcohol e ingresaron al hospital. Para recolectar los datos se utilizó una entrevista fenomenológica, previo consentimiento informado. El análisis se realizó mediante el círculo hermenéutico de Martin Heidegger. Resultados: Fueron develadas cinco categorías: 1) Necesidades físicas ante deterioro corporal, 2) Necesidades emocionales y de apoyo con traspaso de energía para vivir, 3) Necesidades de confort humano dentro de la hospitalización, 4) Agradecimiento verbalizado y escrito ante acompañamiento y preocupación, 5) Anhelos de ser cuidado como persona. Conclusiones: Enfermería se encuentra con un ser vulnerable que muestra necesidades físicas debilitadas, necesidades emocionales que requieren apoyo y confort humano, un ser que anhela y agradece al ser enfermera.

Enhancing blood pressure management protocol implementation in patients with acute intracerebral haemorrhage through a nursing‐led approach: A retrospective cohort study

Abstract

Aim

To evaluate the impact of nurse care changes in implementing a blood pressure management protocol on achieving rapid, intensive and sustained blood pressure reduction in acute intracerebral haemorrhage patients.

Design

Retrospective cohort study of prospectively collected data over 6 years.

Methods

Intracerebral haemorrhage patients within 6 h and systolic blood pressure ≥ 150 mmHg followed a rapid (starting treatment at computed tomography suite with a target achievement goal of ≤60 min), intensive (target systolic blood pressure < 140 mmHg) and sustained (maintaining target stability for 24 h) blood pressure management plan. We differentiated six periods: P1, stroke nurse at computed tomography suite (baseline period); P2, antihypertensive titration by stroke nurse; P3, retraining by neurologists; P4, integration of a stroke advanced practice nurse; P5, after COVID-19 impact; and P6, retraining by stroke advanced practice nurse. Outcomes included first-hour target achievement (primary outcome), tomography-to-treatment and treatment-to-target times, first-hour maximum dose of antihypertensive treatment and 6-h and 24-h systolic blood pressure variability.

Results

Compared to P1, antihypertensive titration by stroke nurses (P2) reduced treatment-to-target time and increased the rate of first-hour target achievement, retraining of stroke nurses by neurologists (P3) maintained a higher rate of first-hour target achievement and the integration of a stroke advanced practice nurse (P4) reduced both 6-h and 24-h systolic blood pressure variability. However, 6-h systolic blood pressure variability increased from P4 to P5 following the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, compared to P1, retraining of stroke nurses by stroke advanced practice nurse (P6) reduced tomography-to-treatment time and increased the first-hour maximum dose of antihypertensive treatment.

Conclusion

Changes in nursing care and continuous education can significantly enhance the time metrics and blood pressure outcomes in acute intracerebral haemorrhage patients.

Reporting Method

STROBE guidelines.

Patient and Public Contribution

No Patient or Public Contribution.

Proposal for a physiotherapy assessment form for the evaluation of women patients with uro-gynecological disorders: A Delphi study

by Ana González-Castro, Raquel Leirós-Rodríguez, Óscar Rodríguez-Nogueira, Mª José Álvarez-Álvarez, Arrate Pinto-Carral, Elena Andrade-Gómez

Background

The correct selection of treatment techniques and methods in physiotherapy depends directly on a well-structured anamnesis, examination and assessment. Within urogynecological and obstetric physiotherapy there is no standardized and protocolized assessment that allows to follow established steps. For all this, the main objective of this study was to identify the assessment items that should be included in the a physiotherapeutic uro-gynecological assessment.

Methods

Delphi study through a group of experts. Prior to this, a systematic search was carried out, accompanied by a review of grey literature, to obtain the possible items to be included in the forms. Subsequently, a Delphi study with two consecutive rounds of questionnaires was developed. A total of 6 expert physiotherapists participated in the study.

Results

The initial questionnaire had 97 items and after two rounds one item was eliminated to obtain a total of 96 items in the final questionnaire.

Conclusions

The experts agreed on most of the choices and finally obtained a standardized and protocolized assessment in uro-gynecological physiotherapy. Furthermore, this proposal should be considered by other professionals involved in the process of evaluation and treatment of pelvi-perineal alterations.

Effectiveness, safety and costs of the FreeStyle Libre glucose monitoring system for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in Spain: a prospective, uncontrolled, pre-post study

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness, safety and costs of FreeStyle Libre (FSL) glucose monitoring system for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in Spain.

Design

Prospective, multicentre pre-post study.

Setting

Thirteen Spanish public hospitals recruited patients from January 2019 to March 2020, with a 12-month follow-up.

Participants

156 patients were included.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Primary: glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) change. Secondary: severe hypoglycaemic events (self-reported and clinical records), quality of life, diabetes treatment knowledge, treatment satisfaction, adverse events, adherence, sensor usage time and scans. Healthcare resource utilisation was assessed for cost analysis from the National Health System perspective, incorporating direct healthcare costs. Data analysis used mixed regression models with repeated measures. The intervention’s total cost was estimated by multiplying health resource usage with unit costs.

Results

In the whole sample, HbA1c increased significantly (0.32%; 95% CI 0.10% to 0.55%). In the subgroup with baseline HbA1c≥7.5% (n=88), there was a significant reduction at 3 months (–0.46%; 95% CI –0.69% to –0.23%), 6 months (–0.49%; 95% CI –0.73% to –0.25%) and 12 months (–0.43%; 95% CI –0.68% to –0.19%). Well-controlled patients had a significant 12-month worsening (0.32%; 95% CI 0.18% to 0.47%). Self-reported severe hypoglycaemia significantly decreased compared with the previous year for the whole sample (–0.37; 95% CI –0.62 to –0.11). Quality of life and diabetes treatment knowledge showed no significant differences, but satisfaction increased. Adolescents had lower sensor usage time and scans than children. Reduction in HbA1c was significantly associated with device adherence. No serious adverse effects were observed. Data suggest that use of FSL could reduce healthcare resource use (strips and lancets) and costs related to productivity loss.

Conclusions

The use of FSL in young patients with T1DM was associated with a significant reduction in severe hypoglycaemia, and improved HbA1c levels were seen in patients with poor baseline control. Findings suggest cost savings and productivity gains for caregivers. Causal evidence is limited due to the study design. Further research is needed to confirm results and assess risks, especially for patients with lower baseline HbA1c.

Design and evaluation of a digital health intervention with proactive follow-up by nurses to improve healthcare and outcomes for patients with breast cancer in Mexico: protocol for a randomised clinical trial

Introduction

Nearly 30 000 Mexican women develop breast cancer annually, frequently presenting unmet supportive care needs. In high-income countries, incorporating electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePROs) into cancer care has demonstrated potential for increasing patient-centred care and reducing unmet needs. No such ePRO interventions have been implemented in Mexico. This paper presents the study protocol for designing and evaluating an ePRO digital health application combined with proactive follow-up by nurses.

Methods and analysis

We designed a two-component intervention for women receiving breast cancer treatment: a responsive web application for monitoring ePROs and clinical algorithms guiding proactive follow-up by nurses. We will conduct a pilot test of the intervention with 50 patients with breast cancer for 6 weeks to assess feasibility and adjust the application. We will conduct a parallel arm randomised controlled trial assigning 205 patients each to intervention and control in one of Mexico’s largest public oncology hospitals. The intervention will be provided for 6 months, with additional 3 months of post-intervention observation. The control group will receive usual healthcare and a list of breast cancer information sources. Women diagnosed with stages I, II or III breast cancer who initiate chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy will be invited to participate. The primary study outcome will be supportive care needs; secondary outcomes include global quality of life and breast symptoms. Information on the outcomes will be obtained through web-based self-administered questionnaires collected at baseline, 1, 3, 6 and 9 months.

Ethics and dissemination

The National Research and Ethics Committees of the Mexican Institute of Social Security approved the study (R-2021-785-059). Participants will sign an informed consent form prior to their inclusion. Findings will be disseminated through a policy brief to the local authorities, a webinar for patients, publications in peer-reviewed journals and presentations at national and international conferences.

Trial registration number

NCT05925257.

Methodology for Analyzing Qualitative Data in Multiple Languages

Background Translation strategies are commonly used for qualitative interview data to bridge language barriers. Inconsistent translation of interviews can lead to conceptual inequivalence, where meanings of participants' experiences are distorted, threatening scientific rigor. Objectives Our objective is to describe a systematic method developed to analyze multilingual, qualitative interview data while maintaining the original language of the transcripts. Methods A literature review of translation strategies, cross-language, and multilingual qualitative research was conducted. Combined with criteria for qualitative content analysis and trustworthiness, the methodology was developed and used for a qualitative descriptive study. Results The study had interview data in both English and Spanish. The research team consisted of both native Spanish and English speakers, who were grouped based on language. Verbatim transcription of data occurred in the original languages. All codes were kept in English, allowing the research team to view the data set as a whole. Two researchers within each group coded each transcript independently before reaching a consensus. The entire research team discussed all transcripts, and finally, major themes were determined. Participants' quotes remained in the original language for publication, with an English translation included when needed. Discussion Analyzing transcripts in the original language brought forth cultural themes that otherwise may have been overlooked. This methodology promotes conceptual equivalence and trustworthiness that is paramount in cultural, linguistic, and social determinants of health research to advance health equity.

Proceso de construcción y validación del instrumento Percepción de Comportamientos de Cuidado Humanizado de Enfermería (PCHE-III)

El Cuidado Humanizado de Enfermería, como expresión del arte de cuidar, se caracteriza por entablar una relación eminentemente ética y de confianza en su interacción con el Otro. Medir este constructo ha sido el objetivo del instrumento Percepción de Comportamientos de Cuidado Humanizado de Enfermería (PCHE). El presente artículo muestra el proceso de construcción y de validación del instrumento, y su correlación teórica con los planteamientos filosóficos del cuidado humano de Jean Watson. El instrumento PCHE, en sus tres versiones, ha contado con la medición de validez facial y de contenido. En su tercera versión contó, además, con la validez de constructo y la medición de la confiabilidad, permitiendo concluir que el instrumento PCHE-III es confiable y mide las características asociadas al fenómeno del Cuidado humanizado en enfermería.

Ansiedad, depresión y soledad en cuidadores de personas con enfermedad crónica

Objetivo principal: Determinar la relación entre ansiedad, depresión y soledad en cuidadores familiares de adultos mayores con enfermedades crónicas. Metodología: Diseño descriptivo correlacional. Se utilizó la Escala hospitalaria de ansiedad y depresión (α=.83) y la escala de Soledad (α=.95). Se hizo un cálculo de tamaño de muestra con programa G-Power 3.1.9.7 y se aplicó un muestreo a conveniencia. Se analizó con estadística descriptiva e inferencial, como Pearson y chi2. Resultados principales: Participaron 178 cuidadores familiares con una m de 45 años. Se encontró relación de la edad con la percepción de soledad (r=-.200) y el tiempo del cuidado con la puntuación de depresión (r=-.199) y ansiedad (r=-.179). Conclusión principal: Se encontró que, a mayor edad del cuidador, mayor es la percepción de soledad, y a mayor tiempo de cuidado, menor es la depresión y ansiedad, permitiendo implementar futuros programas de atención para mejorar la calidad de vida de los cuidadores.

Vivir aquí y ahora con un síndrome autoinmune. Relato biográfico

El Síndrome de Sjögren es una enfermedad autoinmune sistémica que conduce al Síndrome Sicca, combinación de sequedad en ojos, cavidad oral, faringe, laringe y vagina. Se presenta frecuentemente asociado a otros trastornos autoinmunes, como artritis reumatoide y lupus eritematoso. Afecta generalmente a mujeres caucásicas entre 40-50 años. La patogénesis es desconocida, pudiendo ser desencadenada por factores genéticos, ambientales e infecciones víricas. La sintomatología, difusa, dificulta el diagnóstico. El objetivo del estudio es describir y comprender la experiencia vivida por una joven ante el diagnóstico y evolución de su enfermedad. En el texto se describen las manifestaciones clínicas, la calidad de vida, la actividad profesional, y las perspectivas de futuro. El relato biográfico aportó a nuestro trabajo una visión integradora del cuidado centrada en lo que la paciente considera importante.

Prevalencia de úlceras por presión y factores asociados a su desarrollo en Acapulco Gro: estudio transversal

Objetivo principal: Determinar la prevalencia de úlceras por presión e identificar los factores asociados para su desarrollo en pacientes hospitalizados en el Hospital General Regional N°1 “Vicente Guerrero” del IMSS en Acapulco, Gro, México. Metodología: Estudio observacional, transversal, analítico, realizado con 256 pacientes en los diversos servicios del hospital, se midieron variables demográficas y clínicas, calculando frecuencias absolutas y relativas, Odds Ratio para medir la relación factor /evento, y análisis multivariado de regresión logística para controlar la variable de confusión. Resultados principales: La prevalencia de las UPP fue del 26.95%, el estadio I el más frecuente (55.1%). Los factores asociados al desarrollo de las UPP son: edad, días de estancia, servicio de Medicina Interna y padecer diabetes mellitus II. Conclusión principal: Los hallazgos de prevalencia son alarmantes comparados con el reporte nacional (20.07%), requiriendo una intervención inmediata de gestión de cuidado enfermero, resolviendo los riesgos y problemas asociados a la aparición de UPP.

WITHDRAWN: Post-traumatic stress disorder-related perinatal factors after the first postpartum year

This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause.

Exposición a productos químicos. Descontaminación cutánea y ocular

Rev Enferm;41(2): 102-110, feb. 2018. tab, ilus. [Artículo]

Heridas en Consultas de Enfermería de Atención Primaria ¿Qué lesión genera mayor carga de trabajo?

Rev Enferm;41(2): 126-133, feb. 2018. tab, graf. [Artículo]

Embarazo y psicofármacos

Rev Enferm;41(1): 22-27, ene. 2018. tab. [Artículo]