Trends of mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure among adults in Shenzhen, China, 1997-2018: findings from three rounds of the population-based survey

Objective

To quantify the trends in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) among adults in Shenzhen from 1997 to 2018.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Settings

The data were collected from all districts in Shenzhen, China in the years of 1997, 2009 and 2018 by multistage cluster sampling procedure.

Participants

Participants were residents aged 18–69 years in Shenzhen, China. A total of 26 621 people were included: 8266 people in 1997, 8599 people in 2009 and 9756 people in 2018.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

All participants were surveyed about their sociodemographic and lifestyle information. BP was measured by trained physicians using a mercury sphygmomanometer. Hypertension was defined as systolic BP of at least 140 mm Hg and diastolic BP of at least 90 mm Hg, self-reported use of antihypertensive medications or both. Hypertension control was defined as systolic BP values of less than 140 mm Hg and diastolic BP values of less than 90 mm Hg.

Result

Age-adjusted mean systolic BP increased from 117±16 mm Hg to 123±15 mm Hg (p

Conclusions

The mean systolic BP and diastolic BP among adults in Shenzhen increased from 1997 to 2018, and no improvements in hypertension awareness, treatment and control rates were found.

Modified combined short and long axis method versus oblique axis method in adult patients undergoing right internal jugular vein cannulation: A randomized controlled non-inferiority study

by Jia-Xi Tang, Ling Wang, Ju Ouyang, Xixi Tang, Mengxiao Liu, Hongliang Liu, Fang Xu

Background

Modified combined short and long axis method (MCSL) can replace oblique axis in-plane method (OA-IP) for internal jugular vein cannulation (IJVC). This randomized, non-inferiority study estimated the efficacy of MCSL compared with OA-IP in right IJVC.

Methods

Patients (18–75 yr. old) undergoing right IJVC under local anesthesia were randomly assigned to MCSL or OA-IP group. The primary outcome is the event of first needle pass without posterior vessel wall puncture (PVWP). Secondary outcomes included needle attempts, success rate, puncture and cannulation time, needle visualization, probe placement difficulty and complications.

Results

Among 190 randomized patients, 187 were involved in the analysis. The first needle pass without PVWP was 85(89.47%) in the MCSL and 81 (85.26%) in the OA-IP (p = 0.382), with a mean rate difference of 4.2% (95% confidence interval: -5.2–13.6), which confirmed the non-inferiority with the margin of -8%. MCSL group exhibited shorter procedure time and lower complications than OA-IP group. No significant differences were discovered between groups in needle attempts, success rate, incidence of probe placement difficulty and needle visualization.

Conclusions

MCSL is non-inferior to OA-IP in first needle pass without PVWP in adults who underwent elective right IJVC and associate with less complications and shorter operating time.

Clinical trial registration

ChiCTR, ChiCTR2100046899.

Technology-supported lifestyle interventions to improve maternal-fetal outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as abnormal glucose tolerance during pregnancy (ACOG Practice Bulletin, 2018). As one of the most common obstetric complications, GDM affects 6%-8% of pregnant women globally according to recent reports and its incidence continues to rise (Iftikhar et al., 2019, Lee et al., 2018), making GDM a major public health problem (Al Wattar, 2019). Multiple studies have confirmed that gestational diabetes is associated with adverse maternal and infant outcomes including preeclampsia, miscarriage, cesarean delivery, shoulder dystocia, macrosomia, neonatal hypoglycemia, and birth trauma (2018, Al Wattar, 2019, Blumberg et al., 2018, Schiavone et al., 2016).