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Nurses' experiences of competence in lifestyle counselling with adult patients in healthcare settings: A qualitative systematic literature review

Abstract

Aims and Objectives

To identify and synthesise nurses' experiences of competence in lifestyle counselling with adult patients in healthcare settings.

Background

Modifiable lifestyle risk behaviours contribute to an increased prevalence of chronic diseases worldwide. Lifestyle counselling is part of nurses' role which enables them to make a significant contribution to patients' long-term health in various healthcare contexts, but requires particular competence.

Design

Qualitative systematic literature review and meta-aggregation.

Method

The review was guided by Joanna Briggs Institute's methodology for conducting synthesis of qualitative studies. PRISMA-checklist guided the review process. Relevant original studies were search from databases (CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, Medic and Psych Articles, Ebscho Open Dissertations and Web of Science). After researcher consensus was reached and quality of the studies evaluated, 20 studies were subjected to meta-aggregation.

Results

From 20 studies meeting the inclusion criteria, 75 findings were extracted and categorised into 13 groups based on their meaning, resulting in the identification of 5 synthesised findings for competence description: Supporting healthy lifestyle adherence, creating interactive and patient-centred counselling situations, acquiring competence through clinical experience and continuous self-improvement, collaborating with other professionals and patients, planning lifestyle counselling and managing work across various stages of the patient's disease care path.

Conclusion

The review provides an evidence base that can be used to support nurses' competence in lifestyle counselling when working with adult patients in healthcare settings. Lifestyle counselling competence is a complex and rather abstract phenomenon. The review identified, analysed and synthesised the evidence derived from nurses' experience which shows that lifestyle counselling competence is a multidimensional entity which relates to many other competencies within nurses' work.

Implications for the Profession

Recognising the competencies of nurses in lifestyle counselling for adult patients can stimulate nurses' motivation. The acquisition of these competencies can have a positive impact on patients' lives and their health.

Patient or Public Contribution

No Patient or Public Contribution.

Impact

The research may enhance nurses' competence in lifestyle counselling, leading to improved health outcomes, better adherence to recommendations and overall well-being. It may also drive the development of interventions, improving healthcare delivery in lifestyle counselling.

Reporting Method

The review was undertaken and reported using the PRISMA guidelines.

Protocol Registration

Blinded for the review.

The parent perspective on paediatric delirium and an associated care bundle: A qualitative study

Abstract

Aims

To explore how parents experienced their child with delirium and how parents viewed our delirium management bundle.

Design

We conducted a qualitative exploratory descriptive study using semi-structured individual or dyad interviews.

Methods

Twelve semi-structured interviews with 16 parents of 12 critically ill children diagnosed with delirium in a paediatric intensive care unit were conducted from October 2022 to January 2023 and analysed through a reflexive thematic analysis.

Findings

We generated five themes: (1) knowing that something is very wrong, (2) observing manifest changes in the child, (3) experiencing fear of long-term consequences, (4) adding insight to the bundle, and (5) family engagement.

Conclusion

The parents in our study were able to observe subtle and manifest changes in their child with delirium. This caused fear of lasting impact. The parents regarded most of the interventions in the delirium management bundle as relevant but needed individualization in the application. The parents requested more information regarding delirium and a higher level of parent engagement in the care of their child during delirium.

Impact

This paper contributes to understanding how parents might experience delirium in their critically ill child, how our delirium management bundle was received by the parents, and their suggestions for improvement. Our study deals with critically ill children with delirium, their parents, and staff working to prevent and manage paediatric delirium (PD) in the paediatric intensive care unit.

Reporting Method

The consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research guidelines were used to ensure the transparency of our reporting.

Patient or Public Contribution

No patient or public contribution to the research design.

What does this Paper Contribute to the Wider Global Community?

- It increases awareness of the parent's perspective on PD in critically ill children. - It shows how PD might affect parents, causing negative emotions such as distress, frustration, and fear of permanent damage. - It shows that the parents in our study, in addition to the care bundle, requested more information on delirium and more involvement in the care of their delirious child.

Correlational study of ergonomic knowledge and level of MSK discomfort during online classes of 1st-4th year UST-CRS physical therapy students: a cross-sectional study

Por: Siy · W. · Sicat · Z. M. · Bautista · T. M. · Formalejo · A. · Gatdula · M. E. · Ico · A. A. · Julian · C. J. · Pabion · M. C. · Reyes · J. L. · Santander · N. M.
Introduction

The abrupt transition of the mode of learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in an increase in complaints of musculoskeletal (MSK) discomfort among students in Higher Education Institutions (HEI). Inadequate physical space and equipment are one major cause of these complaints. Among HEIs, physical therapy (PT) students have sufficient background in managing MSK discomforts. However, this does not prevent them from experiencing pain and discomfort during online classes. This analytical cross-sectional study aims to determine the correlation between ergonomic knowledge and MSK discomfort among first-year to fourth-year PT students.

Methods and analysis

The study will use two questionnaires, the Ergonomic Knowledge Questionnaire, and the Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire, that determine the level of ergonomic knowledge and MSK discomfort, respectively. This will be disseminated to 144 students through google forms. Results will then be analysed using Pearson Correlation Test. The study anticipates a correlation between the level of ergonomic knowledge and MSK discomfort among the participants.

Ethics and dissemination

The study has been approved by the University of Santo Tomas-College of Rehabilitation Sciences Ethics Review Committee. The participants will receive the results prior to publication in a peer-reviewed scientific journal.

Trial registration number

Philippine Health Research Registry with registry ID PHRR230216-005443.

Roles, mutual expectations and needs for improvement in the care of residents with (a risk of) dehydration: A qualitative study

Abstract

Aim

Examining the perspectives of formal and informal caregivers and residents on roles, mutual expectations and needs for improvement in the care for residents with (a risk of) dehydration.

Design

Qualitative study.

Methods

Semi-structured interviews with 16 care professionals, three residents and three informal caregivers were conducted between October and November 2021. A thematic analysis was performed on the interviews.

Results

Three topic summaries contributed to a comprehensive view on the care for residents with (a risk of) dehydration: role content, mutual expectations and needs for improvement. Many overlapping activities were found among care professionals, informal caregivers and allied care staff. While nursing staff and informal caregivers are essential in observing changes in the health status of residents, and medical staff in diagnosing and treating dehydration, the role of residents remains limited. Conflicting expectations emerged regarding, for example, the level of involvement of the resident and communication. Barriers to multidisciplinary collaboration were highlighted, including little structural involvement of allied care staff, limited insight into each other's expertise and poor communication between formal and informal caregivers. Seven areas for improvement emerged: awareness, resident profile, knowledge and expertise, treatment, monitoring and tools, working conditions and multidisciplinary working.

Conclusion

In general, many formal and informal caregivers are involved in the care of residents with (a risk of) dehydration. They depend on each other's observations, information and expertise which requires an interprofessional approach with specific attention to adequate prevention. For this, educational interventions focused on hydration care should be a core element in professional development programs of nursing homes and vocational training of future care professionals.

Impact

The care for residents with (a risk of) dehydration has multiple points for improvement. To be able to adequately address dehydration, it is essential for formal and informal caregivers and residents to address these barriers in clinical practice.

Reporting Method

In writing this manuscript, the EQUATOR guidelines (reporting method SRQR) have been adhered to.

Patient or Public Contribution

No patient or public contribution.

Low‐value home‐based nursing care: A national survey study

Abstract

Aims

To explore potential areas of low-value home-based nursing care practices, their prevalence and related influencing factors of nurses and nursing assistants working in home-based nursing care.

Design

A quantitative, cross-sectional design.

Methods

An online survey with questions containing scaled frequencies on five-point Likert scales and open questions on possible related influencing factors of low-value nursing care. The data collection took place from February to April 2022. Descriptive statistics and linear regression were used to summarize and analyse the results.

Results

A nationwide sample of 776 certified nursing assistants, registered nurses and nurse practitioners responded to the survey. The top five most delivered low-value care practices reported were: (1) ‘washing the client with water and soap by default’, (2) ‘application of zinc cream, powders or pastes when treating intertrigo’, (3) ‘washing the client from head to toe daily’, (4) ‘re-use of a urinary catheter bag after removal/disconnection’ and (5) ‘bladder irrigation to prevent clogging of urinary tract catheter’. The top five related influencing factors reported were: (1) ‘a (general) practitioner advices/prescribes it’, (2) ‘written in the client's care plan’, (3) ‘client asks for it’, (4) ‘wanting to offer the client something’ and (5) ‘it is always done like this in the team’. Higher educational levels and an age above 40 years were associated with a lower provision of low-value care.

Conclusion

According to registered nurses and certified nursing assistants, a number of low-value nursing practices occurred frequently in home-based nursing care and they experienced multiple factors that influence the provision of low-value care such as (lack of) clinical autonomy and handling clients' requests, preferences and demands. The results can be used to serve as a starting point for a multifaceted de-implementation strategy.

Reporting Method

STROBE checklist for cross-sectional studies.

Patient or Public Contribution

No Patient or Public Contribution.

Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care

Nursing care is increasingly shifting towards the home environment. Not all nursing care that is provided is effective or efficient and this type of care can therefore be considered of low-value. Reducing low-value care and increasing appropriate care will free up time, improve quality of care, work satisfaction, patient safety and contribute to a more sustainable healthcare system.

Continuing education for advanced practice nurses: A scoping review

Abstract

Aim

The aim of the study was to identify the nature and extent of scientific research addressing continuing education for advanced practice nurses.

Design

A scoping review.

Review Methods

The Joanna Briggs Institute's methodology for scoping reviews.

Data Sources

Electronic search was conducted on 17 September 2023 via CINAHL, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and the Joanna Briggs Institute's Evidence-Based Practice Database for research articles published between 2012 and 2023.

Results

Nineteen papers were included in this review. Scientific research on continuing education for advanced practice nursing roles (i.e. nurse practitioner, clinical nurse specialist) has primarily been conducted in the United States and mostly addresses online-delivered continuing education interventions for clinical care competency. Most of the interventions targeted nurse practitioners.

Conclusion

Continuing education has a pivotal role in supporting advanced practice nursing competency development. In addition to clinical care, future continuing education research should focus on other advanced practice nursing competencies, such as education, leadership, supporting organizational strategies, research and evidence implementation.

Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care

Continuing education programmes for advanced practice nurses should be rigorously developed, implemented and evaluated to support the quality and effectiveness of patient care.

Impact

Continuing education for advanced practice nursing roles is an understudied phenomenon. This review highlights future research priorities and may inform the development of continuing education programmes.

Reporting Method

PRISMA-ScR.

Clinician‐perceived barriers and facilitators for the provision of actionable processes of care important for persistent or chronic critical illness

Abstract

Aim

To explore clinician-perceived barriers to and facilitators for the provision of actionable processes of care important for patients with persistent or chronic critical illness.

Design

Qualitative descriptive interview study.

Methods

Secondary analysis of semi-structured telephone interviews (December 2018 – February 2019) with professionally diverse clinicians working with adults experiencing persistent or chronic critical illness in Canadian intensive care units. We used deductive content analysis informed by the Social-Ecological Model.

Results

We recruited 31 participants from intensive care units across nine Canadian provinces. Reported intrapersonal level barriers to the provision of actionable processes of care included lack of training, negative emotions and challenges prioritizing these patients. Facilitators included establishment of positive relations and trust with patients and family. Interpersonal barriers included communication difficulties, limited access to physicians and conflict. Facilitators included communication support, time spent with the patient/family and conflict management. Institutional barriers comprised inappropriate care processes, inadequate resources and disruptive environmental conditions. Facilitators were regular team rounds, appropriate staffing and employment of a primary care (nurse and/or physician) model. Community-level barriers included inappropriate care location and insufficient transition support. Facilitators were accessed to alternate care sites/teams and to formalized transition support. Public policy-level barriers included inadequacy of formal education programs for the care of these patients; knowledge implementation for patient management was identified as a facilitator.

Conclusion

Our results highlighted multilevel barriers and facilitators to the delivery of actionable processes important for quality care for patient/family experiencing persistent or chronic critical illness.

Impact

Using the Social-Ecological Model, the results of this study provide intra and interpersonal, institutional, community and policy-level barriers to address and facilitators to harness to improve the care of patients/family experiencing persistent or chronic critical illness.

Reporting Method

Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative studies.

Patient or Public Contribution

No patient or public contribution.

Tiempo de respuesta al timbre; una oportunidad para mejorar el flujo de trabajo

Introducción. Actualmente el timbre conecta a los pacientes con la expectativa de una asistencia inmediata cuando perciben una necesidad, ya sea para asistencia de rutina o tengan un cambio agudo en su condición. El tiempo de atención al timbre impacta en la calidad de atención, satisfacción del paciente, y el flujo de trabajo. El objetivo fue describir el tiempo promedio de la respuesta al timbre en la Unidad Coronaria. Metodología. Estudio transversal del tiempo de respuesta al timbre estratificado por turno. Se recogieron datos sociodemográficos de los pacientes, los motivos de la llamada al timbre, y la satisfacción de los pacientes de forma anónima y digital. Resultados. Se analizaron 200 timbres, con un tiempo promedio de 5’42”. El promedio de edad de los pacientes que accionaron el timbre fue de 56 años, de los cuales 51% eran mujeres. Los principales motivos de llamada fueron la movilización (24.9%) e higiene/eliminación (19.2%), y los pacientes se mostraron satisfechos siempre o casi siempre (81%) con el tiempo de atención al timbre. No se halló una asociación entre los días de internación y la cantidad de llamadas al timbre. Discusión. A pesar de que el tiempo es superior a los “minutos dorados”, los pacientes presentan un elevado grado de satisfacción. La variabilidad de los tiempos en los distintos turnos y los principales motivos de llamada por turno muestran un enorme desafío en la gestión de enfermería para anticipar y priorizar las necesidades que el paciente transmite a través del timbre.

Abstract

Introduction. Currently, the call light connects patients with the expectation of immediate assistance when they perceive a need, whether it is for routine assistance or a sudden change in their condition. The response time to the call bell impacts the quality of care, patient satisfaction, and workflow. The objective of this study was to describe the average response time to the call bell in the Coronary Unit. Methodology. A cross-sectional study of response time to the call bell stratified by shift, over 3 days, with a minimum of 7 days between each day. Sociodemographic data of patients, reasons for the call bell, and patient satisfaction were collected anonymously and digitally. Results. 200 call bells were analyzed, with an average response time of 5'42". The average age was 56 years, with 51% being female. The main reasons for calling were mobilization (24.9%) and hygiene/elimination (19.2%). Most patients were satisfied with the response time to the call bell (81% always or almost always). There was no association found between length of stay and the number of call bells. Discussion. Despite the response time being longer than the "golden minutes," patients show a high degree of satisfaction. The variability of response times in different shifts and the main reasons for calling by shift show a huge challenge in nursing management to anticipate and prioritize the needs that the patient expresses through the call bell.

¿Nos podemos ir de este mundo felices?

Esta narrativa describe la situación que vivió una familia durante el último día y la muerte de un familiar durante la pandemia Covid-19. Previo consentimiento por escrito, se relatan las vivencias del último día y los recuerdos más importantes del pilar más grande e importante de la familia “el abuelo”. Se logró que los familiares expresaran los sentimientos y experiencias ante la despedida de un ser tan querido para ellos donde comprendieron que no todas las despedidas son tristes también hay despedidas que generan paz y tranquilidad, el día entendamos que todos venimos a este mundo a cumplir una misión podremos despedirnos con total tranquilidad de este mundo. 

Cuando la esperanza llama a la puerta: reflexiones sobre la enseñanza para la atención de la salud

Objetivo principal: Presentar, en forma de diario de campo, reflexiones sobre la experiencia docente en la docencia para la salud en Brasil, con enfoque en la pedagogía de Paulo Freire. Metodología: Presentar, en forma de diario de campo, reflexiones sobre la expe-riencia en la docencia para la salud en Brasil, con enfoque en la pedagogía de Paulo Freire. Resultados principales: La relación entre el docente y los alumnos proporcionó aprendizajes que implican descubrimientos para la necesidad de cambios y / o perfeccionamiento teórico, desde el punto de vista de la descolonialidad. Conclusión principal: A través del acto educativo, docentes y alumnos pueden desarrollar conocimientos para una práctica docente reflexiva.

Estado nutricional del paciente crítico en una UCI Polivalente

La desnutrición hospitalaria es un problema de alta prevalencia a nivel mundial, particularmente en las UCIs, debido a que el paciente crítico precisa un aumento en sus requerimientos energéticos. Objetivo: Valorar el estado nutricional del paciente crítico en la UCI Poliva-lente del Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet en las 24-48h posteriores al ingreso y describir sus riesgos asociados. Metodología: Estudio analítico observacional prospectivo. Se incluyeron 85 pacientes, a los que se les realizó una valoración de su estado nutricional al ingreso, mediante NRS 2002 y VSG. Resultados: Según la NRS 2002, el 69,41% ingresaron con riesgo de malnutrición. La VSG clasificó al paciente en: buen estado nutricional (61,18%), malnutrición moderada (20%) y malnutrición grave (18,82%). Se encontraron diferencias significativas con respecto a varias variables clínicas. Conclusión: Existe un elevado porcentaje de pacientes que ingresan con riesgo de malnutrición en una UCIs.

Perspectiva del profesional de enfermería sobre la gestión sanitaria durante el Estado de Alarma por la COVID-19

En España, la COVID-19 ha supuesto un incremento en la presión asistencial y un gran desafío para las administraciones sanitarias. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue estudiar la perspectiva del personal de enfermería sobre la gestión sanitaria en la Comunidad Autónoma de Aragón durante el Estado de Alarma por la COVID-19. Metodología: Estudio observacional descriptivo transversal retros-pectivo llevado a cabo en 428 enfermeras del Servicio Aragonés de Salud a través de un cuestionario elaboración propia, estructurado y heteroadministrado. Resultados: La valoración sobre la actuación del Gobierno de España, el Gobierno de Aragón y el Servicio Aragonés de Salud obtuvieron una puntuación media de 3,60; 4,17 y 3,84 respectivamente. Conclusión: La gestión sanitaria llevada a cabo por las autoridades competentes durante el Estado de Alarma, fue ineficiente desde la perspectiva del personal de enfermería.

Prevalencia de las pruebas diagnósticas realizadas al personal de enfermería durante el Estado de Alarma por la COVID-19

La detección precoz de los casos compatibles con COVID-19 es uno de los puntos clave para controlar su transmisión. Objetivo: Deter-minar la prevalencia de las pruebas de detección de COVID-19 y las vías de infección percibidas en el personal de enfermería aragonés durante el Estado de Alarma. Metodología: Estudio observacional descriptivo transversal retrospectivo llevado a cabo en 428 enfermeras del Servicio Aragonés de Salud a través de un cuestionario elaboración propia, estructurado y heteroadministrado. Resultados: A 177 enfermeras (41,36%) se les realizó una PCR. El test rápido solo se les realizó a 38 enfermeras (8,8%) y la serología fue realizada a 298 enfermeras (69,95%). Sin embargo, a 98 enfermeras (22,90%) no se les realizó ninguna prueba diagnóstica. Conclusión: El porcentaje de pruebas diagnósticas realizadas en el personal de enfermería fue bajo, a pesar de que solo aproximadamente una décima parte dio positivo. Las causas de contagio más frecuentes se debieron al contagio entre compañeros, la falta de material o el error de diagnóstico en pacientes infectados por el virus.

Notificaciones de lesiones de piel en un Hospital Universitario

Objetivo: Analizar las notificaciones de lesiones de piel en un hospital universitario. Método: Estudio descriptivo, realizado en un hospital universitario, localizado en Salvador, Bahia, Brasil, con datos secundarios de notificaciones de incidentes. Fueron investigadas características sociodemográficas de los pacientes con lesiones de piel y características de las lesiones notificas en los años 2016 y 2017. Los datos fueron recolectados entre los meses de septiembre 2018 y mayo 2019 y el estudio respetó los principios éticos de investigación. Resultados: Fueron notificados 96 casos de lesión de piel. La mayoría fue adquirida en la hospitalización (89,58%), siendo frecuente la lesión por presión (77,08%), en la región sacra o glútea (61,46%), con pérdida de piel (54,17%), en grado leve (89,58%) y que prolongaron la hospitalización (7,29%). Conclusión: A pesar de ser realizada evaluación del riesgo para lesión, en más de la mitad de las notificaciones se observa que el tipo más prevalente fue la lesión por presión.

Políticas públicas de atención integral a la salud de personas que conviven con el Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana

Objetivo: caracterizar las producciones científicas sobre atención integral de salud, promovidas a través de políticas públicas para perso-nas que conviven con el Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana. Metodología: Revisión integrativa de literatura, a través de la búsqueda en las bases de datos PUBMED, LILACS y la biblioteca virtual SCIELO, utilizando los descriptores “Políticas Públicas de salud”, “Síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida”, “Atención integral de salud” y el operador booleano “Y”, resultando en una muestra, después de leídos, de 12 artículos. Los resultados de este estudio nos permitieron identificar y clasificar el estado de las políticas públicas para la atención de esta población, en tres categorías: A: políticas y / o directrices insuficientes; B: Necesidad de mejoras e inversiones en políticas existentes; C: éxito de los programas, siendo imprescindible una articulación internacional de gobiernos y organismos no gubernamentales para la elaboración de políticas más ajustadas a las realidades y objetivando la atención integral de salud de esta población.

Evaluación y cuidado de la piel al final de la vida

Este artículo contempla una actualización con base a los diez puntos establecidos por el consenso Skin Changes at the Life's End [Cambios en la Piel en el Final de la Vida] (Scale, por su sigla en inglés) y tiene por objetivo discutir la evaluación de las condiciones y el cuidado de la piel en el final de la vida. Acerca de los pacientes y familiares, se propone la construcción de un plan de cuidados basándose en sus deseos que deben ser debidamente registrados. Para los profesionales de salud, las recomendaciones buscan la educación para la evaluación de los signos clínicos de falla e insuficiencia de la piel. Así pues, la prioridad es la comodidad del paciente. Se concluye que la utilización del consenso Scale va al encuentro de la filosofía de los cuidados paliativos y puede así mejorar los aspectos multidimensionales involucrados en la calidad del proceso de morir.

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