The return to work after arthroplasty (REWARD) study was established to address knowledge gaps regarding factors influencing return to work and long-term workability following hip and knee arthroplasty. The study investigates how variables such as sex, occupational workload and prior treatments affect sick leave patterns across regions and healthcare providers in Sweden. By analysing trajectories of sick leave and disability pension before and after surgery, the study aims to identify determinants for successful return to work.

Initially, we identified two separate cohorts comprising all individuals registered in the Swedish Arthroplasty Register who received a primary hip or knee arthroplasty between 2012 and 2022. Eligible individuals were 18–69 years of age and had osteoarthritis (OA) as the indication for surgery. For each of the arthroplasty cohorts, Statistics Sweden created a reference cohort by randomly selecting three individuals from the general population for each arthroplasty case, matched on age, sex and municipality.

Using linked nationwide registers, we identified 64 370 individuals who received primary hip arthroplasty and 60 683 who received knee arthroplasty during 2012–2022, all aged 18–69 years and diagnosed with OA. Median age was 62 years (IQR 56–66) for hip and 63 years (IQR 58–66) for knee arthroplasty; 52% and 55% were women respectively.

The corresponding matched cohorts consisted of 193 110 and 182 049 individuals respectively.

The dataset includes patient and surgical characteristics, 1-year patient-reported outcomes, first-line treatment participation, socioeconomic data, occupational exposures and sick leave and disability pension data (5 years before and after surgery). Data collection is complete.

The REWARD cohort is intended for longitudinal analysis of return to work and long-term workability following hip and knee arthroplasty, and for quantifying associated societal costs. Data collection is anticipated to be completed in 2027, pending potential linkage of comorbidity and prescribed medication data. Findings from REWARD will inform national guidelines and decision support tools for sick leave and work-related rehabilitation. Future work includes co-developing individualised, work-oriented interventions in collaboration with patients and healthcare professionals.

Child undernutrition has remained a major public health problem. Preconception care is evident to improve pregnancy outcomes. However, the role of preconception care services in long-term child health outcomes is unknown.

To compare the nutritional status of preschool children born to women who received preconception care with children born to women who did not receive preconception care.

This was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted 2 years after the end of the preconception care services provided.

Rural area in Nashik district, including two tribal and two non-tribal blocks. We conducted the study in collaboration with the government’s public health system.

All women desiring pregnancy were enrolled in July–August 2018 to receive preconception care. Women from two blocks received preconception care, while those from the other two blocks did not. Those women and their children were the participants.

Anthropometric nutritional assessment of the children and estimation of the Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF). The association between risk factors and prevalence of CIAF was confirmed by multivariable modified Poisson regression models with robust variance.

We contacted 4141 mother–offspring pairs. The proportion of the combination of stunting plus underweight was highest (35.18%), followed by triple failure (19.10%). Among the children born to mothers who received preconception care, 88.10% had some anthropometric failure, and among children born to mothers in the comparison group, 85.80% had some anthropometric failure (adjusted risk ratio (ARR) 0.99 (95% CI 0.97 to 1.02)). The incidence of some anthropometric failure among children of women residing in tribal areas was 94.38%, and among children of women residing in non-tribal areas, it was 82.54% (ARR 1.11 (95% CI 1.08 to 1.15)). Mothers of second or higher parity had a higher risk of having a child with some anthropometric failure (ARR 1.07 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.11)). Low birth weight babies had a higher risk (ARR 1.04 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.08)); boys had a higher risk (ARR 1.04 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.07)) and risk increased with age.

Numerous factors, particularly residence in a tribal area, affect child nutritional status and mere preconception care for women may not prevent undernutrition among preschool children.

Individuals with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), whether receiving dialysis or conservative care, experience high symptom burden and limited life expectancy, indicating substantial palliative care needs. Integrating palliative care into kidney care is vital for comprehensive ESKD management, but access remains uneven across sociodemographic groups. Identifying and addressing these disparities is key to ensuring equitable care and improving patient outcomes. This study aims to explore sociodemographic factors associated with specialist palliative care utilisation among people with ESKD.

This study protocol outlines a scoping review of peer-reviewed and grey literature using an established methodological framework by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI), and reporting will adhere to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. Relevant literature will be identified through a multi-database (Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO) and grey literature search strategy designed alongside a health sciences librarian. To be included, articles must involve individuals with ESKD and report on how sociodemographic factors influence access to and utilisation of specialist palliative care services. Results of the search will be screened independently by two reviewers and data from included studies will be extracted independently and in duplicate. A narrative and thematic analysis will be conducted to identify key themes related to sociodemographic influences on specialist palliative care access and utilisation among individuals with ESKD, with particular attention to differences between kidney care modalities (dialysis vs conservative care) and the extent to which intersectionality of sociodemographic factors has been examined.

Ethics approval is not required for this scoping review. Findings will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. Results will identify patient-related factors influencing access to specialist palliative care in ESKD and remaining gaps in the literature, informing future research and policy to support equitable care.

Weight loss through combined lifestyle interventions (CLIs) can slow down knee osteoarthritis (OA) progression. However, gender-related factors may influence both the implementation of and participation in CLIs. Therefore, the aims were to identify gender-related facilitators and barriers to CLI implementation among healthcare professionals (HCPs) and uptake and adherence among individuals with early-stage knee OA and overweight or obesity.

Semi-structured interviews were conducted in this qualitative study. Thematic analysis, combining inductive and deductive approaches, was performed according to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) domains.

HCPs and individuals with knee OA and overweight or obesity were interviewed in Dutch between December 2023 and May 2024.

16 HCPs who referred or delivered a CLI and 23 individuals with knee OA and overweight or obesity who participated in a CLI were purposively recruited. 16 participants identified themselves as women and 7 as men; no other gender identities were reported.

HCPs experienced resistance to CLIs of both men and women. Additionally, HCPs perceived that women were more open and available to participate in CLIs, tended to prioritise others over themselves and often lacked familial support compared with men. Women valued trust, preferred female HCPs and struggled with self-prioritisation. Men were motivated by female HCPs and participants due to their empathy and interaction. Across men and women, barriers included conflicting HCP advice, work stress, caregiving tasks and lack of discipline, while social environment support was a key facilitator.

Addressing gender-related facilitators and barriers in the design and implementation of the CLI may improve long-term engagement and efficacy in individuals with knee OA and overweight or obesity.

Overview of Medical Research in the Netherlands (OMON), managed by the CCMO: NL75367.078.20

To examine how household members, community health research workers (CHRWs) and broader social networks influenced pregnant women’s capabilities, opportunities and motivations to consume a daily balanced-energy protein (BEP) supplement or a multiple micronutrient supplement (MMS) in the context of an effectiveness trial in rural Bangladesh.

In-depth interviews, group interviews, focus group discussions, thematic analysis using the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) framework.

Gaibandha, Bangladesh.

Women (n=32) who had completed participation in the TARGET-BEP randomised trial, their husbands (n=13) and mothers-in-law (n=13), who participated in 13 group interviews, and CHRWs (n=39) who participated in six focus group discussions.

Capability to adhere to BEP and MMS was strengthened when family members understood the value of supplements and actively supported supplementation. Children emerged as unexpected facilitators, reminding mothers to consume supplements and tracking intake. Opportunity to use supplements consistently was enhanced by women’s educational attainment and the availability of household resources. Finally, motivation to take the supplements was influenced by many actors including neighbours, who could offer support but also often transmitted rumours and taboos, and CHRWs, who adeptly adapted adherence messages to the local context and to women’s specific concerns.

To improve antenatal supplement adherence and maternal–infant health in Bangladesh and similar contexts, pregnancy nutrition programmes should move beyond the woman-as-sole-agent paradigm by: (1) co-designing messages for husbands, mothers-in-law, children and neighbours in conversation with effective community health workers, such as those working in the TARGET-BEP trial; (2) equipping community health workers with flexible, family-engaging counselling strategies; and (3) complementing women’s education gains with gender-transformative and family-inclusive interventions.

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05576207