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Association of antibiotic duration and all-cause mortality in a prospective study of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia in a tertiary-level critical care unit in Southern India

Por: Stanley · N. D. · Jeevan · J. A. · Yadav · B. · Gunasekaran · K. · Pichamuthu · K. · Chandiraseharan · V. K. · Sathyendra · S. · Hansdak · S. G. · Iyyadurai · R.
Objectives

To estimate all-cause mortality in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and determine whether antibiotic duration beyond 8 days is associated with reduction in all-cause mortality in patients admitted with VAP in the intensive care unit.

Design

A prospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with VAP based on the National Healthcare Safety Network definition and clinical criteria.

Setting

Single tertiary care hospital in Southern India.

Participants

100 consecutive adult patients diagnosed with VAP were followed up for 28 days postdiagnosis or until discharge.

Outcome measures

The incidence of mortality at 28 days postdiagnosis was measured. Tests for association and predictors of mortality were determined using 2 test and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Secondary outcomes included baseline clinical parameters such as age, underlying comorbidities as well as measuring total length of stay, number of ventilator-free days and antibiotic-free days.

Results

The overall case fatality rate due to VAP was 46%. There was no statistically significant difference in mortality rates between those receiving shorter antibiotic duration (5–8 days) and those on longer therapy. Among those who survived until day 9, the observed risk difference was 15.1% between both groups, with an HR of 1.057 (95% CI 0.26 to 4.28). In 70.4% of isolates, non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli were identified, of which the most common pathogen isolated was Acinetobacter baumannii (62%).

Conclusion

In this hospital-based cohort study, there is insufficient evidence to suggest that prolonging antibiotic duration beyond 8 days in patients with VAP improves survival.

Identifying a group of factors predicting cognitive impairment among older adults

by Longgang Zhao, Yuan Wang, Eric Mishio Bawa, Zichun Meng, Jingkai Wei, Sarah Newman-Norlund, Tushar Trivedi, Hatice Hasturk, Roger D. Newman-Norlund, Julius Fridriksson, Anwar T. Merchant

Background

Cognitive impairment has multiple risk factors spanning several domains, but few studies have evaluated risk factor clusters. We aimed to identify naturally occurring clusters of risk factors of poor cognition among middle-aged and older adults and evaluate associations between measures of cognition and these risk factor clusters.

Methods

We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III (training dataset, n = 4074) and the NHANES 2011–2014 (validation dataset, n = 2510). Risk factors were selected based on the literature. We used both traditional logistic models and support vector machine methods to construct a composite score of risk factor clusters. We evaluated associations between the risk score and cognitive performance using the logistic model by estimating odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results

Using the training dataset, we developed a composite risk score that predicted undiagnosed cognitive decline based on ten selected predictive risk factors including age, waist circumference, healthy eating index, race, education, income, physical activity, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and annual visit to dentist. The risk score was significantly associated with poor cognitive performance both in the training dataset (OR Tertile 3 verse tertile 1 = 8.15, 95% CI: 5.36–12.4) and validation dataset (OR Tertile 3 verse tertile 1 = 4.31, 95% CI: 2.62–7.08). The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve for the predictive model was 0.74 and 0.77 for crude model and model adjusted for age, sex, and race.

Conclusion

The model based on selected risk factors may be used to identify high risk individuals with cognitive impairment.

Predictive value of CD86 for the occurrence of sepsis (Sepsis-3) in patients with infection

by Dan lv, Keji Zhang, Changqing Zhu, Xinhui Xu, Hao Gong, Li Liu

This prospective observational study explored the predictive value of CD86 in the early diagnosis of sepsis in the emergency department. The primary endpoint was the factors associated with a diagnosis of sepsis. The secondary endpoint was the factors associated with mortality among patients with sepsis. It enrolled inpatients with infection or high clinical suspicion of infection in the emergency department of a tertiary Hospital between September 2019 and June 2021. The patients were divided into the sepsis and non-sepsis groups according to the Sepsis-3 standard. The non-sepsis group included 56 patients, and the sepsis group included 65 patients (19 of whom ultimately died). The multivariable analysis showed that CD86% (odds ratio [OR] = 1.22, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04–1.44, P = 0.015), platelet count (OR = 0.99, 95%CI: 0.986–0.997, P = 0.001), interleukin-10 (OR = 1.01, 95%CI: 1.004–1.025, P = 0.009), and procalcitonin (OR = 1.17, 95%CI: 1.01–1.37, P = 0.043) were independent risk factors for sepsis, while human leukocyte antigen (HLA%) (OR = 0.96, 05%CI: 0.935–0.995, P = 0.022), respiratory rate (OR = 1.16, 95%CI: 1.03–1.30, P = 0.014), and platelet count (OR = 1.01, 95%CI: 1.002–1.016, P = 0.016) were independent risk factors for death in patients with sepsis. The model for sepsis (CD86%, platelets, interleukin-10, and procalcitonin) and the model for death (HLA%, respiratory rate, and platelets) had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.870 and 0.843, respectively. CD86% in the first 24 h after admission for acute infection was independently associated with the occurrence of sepsis in the emergency department.

Transforming outcome expectations into retention among hospital nurses: A cross‐sectional study

Abstract

Aim

To examine the main effects and interaction effects of outcome expectations (e.g., anticipated satisfactory salary and benefits), nurse identity (a sense of membership in the nursing profession), and information-access efficiency of the electronic medical record system (how the system enables nurses to quickly retrieve the needed information) on nurses' retention.

Design

This study uses a cross-sectional survey and adopts proportionate random sampling to recruit a representative sample of nurses of a medical centre in Taiwan.

Methods

This study successfully obtained completed questionnaires from 430 nurses during December 2021 to January 2022. Data are analysed by using hierarchical regressions.

Results

Positive outcome expectations and identification as a member in the nursing profession are associated with retention. Information-access efficiency strengthens the link between outcome expectations and retention, while nurse identity weakens this link.

Conclusion

Outcome expectations can help retain nurses, particularly those who perceive high levels of information-access efficiency and possess weak nurse identity. That is, outcome expectations have a complementary role with nurse identity in retaining nurses.

Implications for the Profession

Nurse managers should devise means to build positive outcome expectations for nurses. In addition, either strengthening nurses' identification with the nursing profession or improving the information-access efficiency of the electronic medical system may also help retain nurses.

Impact

This study examined how to transform outcome expectation to nurse retention, offering nurse managers to devise new means to retain nurses.

Reporting Method

STROBE statement was chosen as EQUATOR checklist.

Patient or Public Contribution

No patient or public contribution.

Comparative analysis of pressure ulcer development in stroke patients within and outside healthcare facilities: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Abstract

The risk of pressure ulcers in stroke patients is a significant concern, impacting their recovery and quality of life. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigate the prevalence and risk factors of pressure ulcers in stroke patients, comparing those in healthcare facilities with those in home-based or non-clinical environments. The study aims to elucidate how different care settings affect the development of pressure ulcers, serving as a crucial indicator of patient care quality and management across diverse healthcare contexts. Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library. Inclusion criteria encompassed studies on stroke patients in various settings, reporting on the incidence or prevalence of pressure ulcers. Exclusion criteria included non-stroke patients, non-original research and studies with incomplete data. The Newcastle–Ottawa scale was used for quality assessment, and statistical analyses involved both fixed-effect and random-effects models, depending on the heterogeneity observed. A total of 1542 articles were initially identified, with 11 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. The studies exhibited significant heterogeneity, necessitating the use of a random-effects model. The pooled prevalence of pressure injuries was 9.53% in patients without family medical services and 2.64% in patients with medical services. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of these results, and no significant publication bias was detected through funnel plot analysis and Egger's linear regression test. The meta-analysis underscores the heightened risk of pressure injuries in stroke patients, especially post-discharge. It calls for concerted efforts among healthcare providers, policymakers and caregivers to implement targeted strategies tailored to the specific needs of different care environments. Future research should focus on developing and evaluating interventions to effectively integrate into routine care and reduce the incidence of pressure injuries in stroke patients.

Trajectory patterns of self-care behaviour over 1 year provide nurses insights to tailor individualised care for patients with heart failure

Por: Chang · W.-T. · Chen · H.-M.

Commentary on: Son YJ, Jang I. One-year trajectories of self-care behaviours and unplanned hospital readmissions among patients with heart failure: A prospective longitudinal study. J Clin Nurs. 2023 Sep;32(17-18):6427-6440. doi: 10.1111/jocn.16658. Epub 2023 Feb 23.

Implications for practice and research

  • Timely identifying self­care behaviour patterns over time may reduce the risk of hospital readmissions in patients with heart failure (HF).

  • Further research studies are required to examine the effects of every 3–6 months self-care intervention on hospital readmissions among patients with HF.

  • Context

    Unplanned readmissions within 30 days and 6 months postdischarge are notably common in patients with HF.1 2 Effective self-care behaviours are essential to lower readmissions. However, the trajectories of self-care behaviours throughout the HF progression can vary among patients.3 Limited research studies have examined the relationships among the influencing variables, self-care behaviours and readmissions over...

    Effect of two different peritoneal dialysis modalities on wound infection in peritoneal dialysis patients: A meta‐analysis

    Abstract

    Peritoneal dialysis(PD) is one of the most efficient methods in end-stage kidney disease, and it is very important for PD to perform well. No research has been conducted to evaluate the effect of various types of PD catheters on the prognosis of post-operative wound complications. While recent meta-analyses are in favour of straight tubing, there is still uncertainty as to whether direct or coiled PD is beneficial. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare the efficacy of direct and coiled PD catheters on the incidence of post-operative wound infection, bleeding and peritonitis. A comprehensive search was carried out on three databases, including PubMed and Embase, and a manual search was carried out on the links in the paper. The results showed that the incidence rate of bleeding after operation and the degree of infection among the straight and coiled pipes were compared. The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of post-operative wound infection among straight PD patients with coiled PD (OR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.58–1.08 p = 0.13). No statistical significance was found in the case of PD with coiled tubing compared with that of straight PD group in wound leakage (OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 0.71–1.93 p = 0.55). No statistically significantly different rates of post-operative peritonitis were observed for coiled tubing compared with straight ones in PD patients (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.78–1.45 p = 0.7). There is no statistical significance on the rate of wound infection, wound leakage and peritonitis among coiled and straight tube in PD.

    Hospital nurses perceived challenges and opportunities in the care of people with dementia: A mixed‐methods systematic review

    Abstract

    Aim

    To synthesise evidence from the literature on hospital nurses' perceived challenges and opportunities in the care of people with dementia.

    Background

    People with dementia often have longer lengths of hospital stay and poorer health outcomes compared to those without dementia. Nurses play a pivotal role in the care of people with dementia. However, there is a scarcity of systematic reviews that synthesise the challenges and opportunities they perceive.

    Methods

    A mixed-methods systematic review was conducted with a database search covering Ageline, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Emcare, Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, ProQuest, Scopus and Web of Science in April 2022. In total, 27 articles that met the selection criteria were critically reviewed and included in this systematic review. Data from the selected articles were extracted and synthesised using a convergent segregated approach.

    Results

    Three main themes and eight subthemes were identified. Theme 1 described nurse-related factors consisting of the lack of capability in dementia care, experiencing multiple sources of stress and opportunities for nurses to improve dementia care. Theme 2 revealed people living with dementia-related factors including complex care needs and the need to engage family carers in care. Theme 3 explained organisation-related factors comprising the lack of organisational support for nurses and people with dementia and opportunities for quality dementia care.

    Conclusion

    Hospital nurses experience multidimensional challenges in the care of people with dementia. Opportunities to overcome those challenges include organisational support for nurses to develop dementia care capability, reduce their stress and partner with the family caregivers.

    Relevance to Clinical Practice

    Hospitals will need to build an enabling environment for nurses to develop their capabilities in the care of people with dementia. Further research in empowering nurses and facilitating quality dementia care in acute care hospitals is needed.

    Reporting Method

    The review followed the PRISMA 2020 checklist.

    Patient or Public Contribution

    No.

    Post‐acute COVID‐19 syndrome in previously hospitalized patients

    Abstract

    Introduction

    With the prolongation of the COVID-19 pandemic, more individuals are experiencing sequelae after COVID-19 infection, also known as post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PCS). The aims of this study were to describe the prevalence and characteristics of PCS symptoms such as fatigue, anxiety, and depression and to compare these symptoms according to participant characteristics in patients who had been previously hospitalized due to COVID-19.

    Design

    A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used.

    Methods

    We included 114 individuals who had been hospitalized for COVID-19 and were discharged from the hospital at least 4 weeks before. Symptoms were assessed using the Fatigue Severity Scale, the Hospital Anxiety-Depression Scale, and the PCS symptom questionnaire developed by the authors. We used descriptive statistics, the Student's t-test, the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, and the Kruskal–Wallis test for statistical analyses.

    Results

    The most prevalent symptoms were anxiety (66.7%), fatigue (64.0%), headache (57.9%), and concentration or memory difficulties (57.9%). Concentration or memory difficulties and sleep disturbances had the highest mean frequency. Concentration or memory difficulties were rated with the highest mean severity, and cough, loss of taste, and muscle and joint pain had the highest mean distress scores. Female participants, individuals hospitalized for more than 2 weeks, individuals discharged more than 9 months ago, unvaccinated patients, and those who tried at least one symptom relief method reported higher symptom distress.

    Conclusion

    The findings of this investigation into the frequency, severity, and distress of symptoms shed light on the identification of post-COVID symptoms in detail. To objectively evaluate and comprehend the symptom trajectories of PCS, prospective studies about the development of symptom assessment tools and studies with a longitudinal design should be conducted.

    Clinical Relevance

    A substantial number of respondents reported numerous symptoms and expressed symptom distress; therefore, the development of nursing interventions and treatments to alleviate PCS symptoms is crucial.

    Inter-reviewer reliability of human literature reviewing and implications for the introduction of machine-assisted systematic reviews: a mixed-methods review

    Por: Hanegraaf · P. · Wondimu · A. · Mosselman · J. J. · de Jong · R. · Abogunrin · S. · Queiros · L. · Lane · M. · Postma · M. J. · Boersma · C. · van der Schans · J.
    Objectives

    Our main objective is to assess the inter-reviewer reliability (IRR) reported in published systematic literature reviews (SLRs). Our secondary objective is to determine the expected IRR by authors of SLRs for both human and machine-assisted reviews.

    Methods

    We performed a review of SLRs of randomised controlled trials using the PubMed and Embase databases. Data were extracted on IRR by means of Cohen’s kappa score of abstract/title screening, full-text screening and data extraction in combination with review team size, items screened and the quality of the review was assessed with the A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews 2. In addition, we performed a survey of authors of SLRs on their expectations of machine learning automation and human performed IRR in SLRs.

    Results

    After removal of duplicates, 836 articles were screened for abstract, and 413 were screened full text. In total, 45 eligible articles were included. The average Cohen’s kappa score reported was 0.82 (SD=0.11, n=12) for abstract screening, 0.77 (SD=0.18, n=14) for full-text screening, 0.86 (SD=0.07, n=15) for the whole screening process and 0.88 (SD=0.08, n=16) for data extraction. No association was observed between the IRR reported and review team size, items screened and quality of the SLR. The survey (n=37) showed overlapping expected Cohen’s kappa values ranging between approximately 0.6–0.9 for either human or machine learning-assisted SLRs. No trend was observed between reviewer experience and expected IRR. Authors expect a higher-than-average IRR for machine learning-assisted SLR compared with human based SLR in both screening and data extraction.

    Conclusion

    Currently, it is not common to report on IRR in the scientific literature for either human and machine learning-assisted SLRs. This mixed-methods review gives first guidance on the human IRR benchmark, which could be used as a minimal threshold for IRR in machine learning-assisted SLRs.

    PROSPERO registration number

    CRD42023386706.

    Individual and social system factors influencing evidence‐based practices among nurses in general hospitals: A cross‐sectional multi‐institutional study

    Abstract

    Aims and Objectives

    To investigate evidence-based practices and examine the influence of individual and social system factors on evidence-based practices among nurses in general hospitals.

    Background

    Evidence-based practice is essential for improving healthcare quality. However, a challenge for nursing worldwide is nurses' limited use of evidence-based practices. It is crucial to determine the individual and social system factors affecting nurses' use of evidence-based practices.

    Design

    This study employs a multi-institutional cross-sectional design.

    Methods

    With a multistage random sampling method, 336 registered nurses were recruited from 17 general hospitals in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar. Data were collected through a seven-part questionnaire, including the Evidence-Based Practice Implementation Scale and individual and social system factors. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression.

    Results

    Nurses in general hospitals perceived low levels of evidence-based practices. Individual factors, such as perceived barriers (p < .001), knowledge (p < .001) and attitudes (p = .001), were related to EBP as well as social system factors, including the work environment (p < .001) which influence nurses' practice, explaining 34% variance among nurses.

    Conclusion

    Nurses perceived the work environment as the most influencing factor related to evidence-based practices. Individual characteristics, including perceived knowledge, attitudes and barriers, were critical factors in performing evidence-based practices in Myanmar.

    Relevance to Clinical Practice

    Nurse administrators and policymakers can develop strategies and interventions for improving knowledge, attitudes and work environment towards evidence-based practice. Minimizing the barriers to evidence-based practice will promote evidence-based practices in Myanmar general hospitals.

    Impact

    In addressing the individual and social system factors influencing the evidence-based practices of nurses, this study contributes to enhancing healthcare quality and outcomes.

    Reporting Method

    This study adhered to the STROBE checklist.

    Patient or Public Contribution

    There was no patient or public contribution.

    Non‐pharmacological interventions on quality of life in stroke survivors: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

    Abstract

    Background

    Non-pharmacological interventions have been used in the rehabilitation of stroke survivors, but their effects on stroke survivors' quality of life (QoL) are unknown.

    Aim

    This review aimed to summarize the existing evidence regarding non-pharmacological interventions for QoL in stroke survivors and to evaluate the effectiveness of different types of interventions.

    Methods

    We systematically searched databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese BioMedical Literature Database, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and Wanfang data from the earliest available records to March 2023. Randomized controlled trials which explored the effects of non-pharmacological interventions on QoL in stroke patients were included. The meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of different interventions on QoL. The Review Manager 5.3 was used to conduct the meta-analysis and the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was used to assess the methodological quality of trials.

    Results

    A total of 93,245 records were identified, and 34 articles were reviewed and summarized, of which 20 articles were included in the meta-analysis. The summary of the findings of the included studies revealed fitness training, constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT), physical exercise, music therapy (MT), and art-based interventions may have positive effects on QoL. The fitness training improved total QoL, especially in physical domains including physical functioning (mean difference [MD] = 10.90; 95% CI [7.20, 14.59]), role physical (MD = 10.63; 95% CI [6.71, 14.55]), and global health (MD = 8.76; 95% CI [5.14, 12.38]). The CIMT had a slight effect on general QoL (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.48, 95% CI [0.16, 0.80]), whereas significantly improved strength (MD = 8.84; 95% CI [1.31, 16.38]), activities of daily living/instrumental activities of daily living (ADL/IADL; MD = 10.42; 95% CI [2.98, 17.87]), and mobility (MD = 8.02; 95% CI [1.21, 14.83]). MT had a positive effect on the mental health domain (SMD = 0.54; 95% CI [0.14, 0.94]).

    Linking Evidence to Action

    Our findings suggest that fitness training and CIMT have a significant effect on improving physical QoL, while MT has a positive effect on improving psychological QoL. Future studies may use comprehensive and multicomponent interventions to simultaneously improve the patients' physical, psychological, and social QoL.

    Comparative efficacy of non‐pharmacological interventions on sleep quality in old adults: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis

    Abstract

    Aims and Objectives

    To compare the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions in enhancing sleep quality in older people.

    Background

    Sleep problems in older adults have become increasingly prominent. Sleep problems not only affect the health and quality of life of older people, but also the range of chronic diseases caused by sleep problems also impose a huge burden on social services and health care. Non-pharmacological interventions are an effective alternative to pharmacological therapies, but it is unclear which non-pharmacological therapies are most effective in enhancing sleep quality in older adults.

    Design

    A systematic review and network meta-analysis based on PRISMA-NMA.

    Methods

    A total of seven databases were searched from the establishment of the database to March 2023. After literature screening and data extraction, the Cochrane Bias assessment tool 2.0 version of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) was used to evaluate literature quality. A network meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the relative efficacy of the non-pharmacological interventions on sleep quality.

    Results

    A total of 71 RCTs involving nine non-pharmacological interventions were included. The results of the network meta-analysis showed that the joint intervention may be the most effective non-pharmacological intervention to enhance sleep quality in older adults.

    Conclusion

    This study confirms that non-pharmacological interventions can improve sleep quality in older adults. The use of non-pharmacological interventions can be promoted by healthcare professionals in the future to improve the quality of sleep and thus the physical and mental health of older people.

    Relevance to Clinical Practice

    This evidence suggests that joint interventions may be most effective. Therefore, in the future, a combination of non-pharmacological interventions could be used to maximise their effectiveness in improving sleep quality in older people and promoting healthy aging.

    No Patient or Public Contribution

    No patient or public contribution is not applicable to this study.

    Effect of two different surgical modalities for pelvic organ prolapse on postoperative wound infection in patients: A meta‐analysis

    Abstract

    Sacrospinous ligament fixation (SSLF) is widely applied to the treatment of female pelvis organ prolapsed. Contradictory findings have already been reported in the comparison of sacrocolpopexy (SC) with SSLF. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of SC versus SSLF in treating pelvis organ prolapsed after operation. We conducted a meta-analysis of both operative approaches, including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. In this research, 822 articles were chosen from three databases, 201 were copied, and 10 were included. Among them, 7248 cases were operated on the prolapsed pelvis. It was found that SSLF surgery could significantly decrease the rate of postoperative wound infection after operation (odds ratio [OR], 0.59; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.42–0.82; p = 0.001). No statistical significance was found among the SSLF and the SC surgery for the post-operation haemorrhage of the patient (OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.23–2.83; p = 0.75). No statistical significance was found among the SSLF and the SC surgery for the postoperative period of the patient's operation (mean difference, −15.46; 95% CI, −52.87 to 21.94; p = 0.42). Applying SSLF surgery to treat pelvic prolapse in women may benefit from a reduction in the number of post-operative wound infections. However, SSLF had no statistical significance with respect to the amount of haemorrhage after operation or operation time.

    YouTube as a source of information for pressure injury: Quality assessment and content analysis

    Abstract

    We aimed to assess the quality and reliability of pressure injury-related videos uploaded on YouTube, analyse the sources and contents, and examine the correlation between video parameters. We searched YouTube using two keywords, “pressure ulcer” and “pressure sore”, on August 20, 2022. We sorted the videos according to their number of views and included the top 100 videos for each keyword. The quality of videos was assessed using the Global Quality Scale (GQS), while their reliability was evaluated by the modified DISCERN (mDISCERN) tool. In addition, we evaluated the videos in which content was included, analysed the correlations and differences between GQS, mDISCERN, and video parameters. We initially found a total of 100 videos for each keyword and finally included and analysed 77 videos. The mean scores for the mDISCERN and GQS were 2.35 ± 0.98 and 3.09 ± 0.99, respectively. Both GQS and mDISCERN showed statistically significant correlations with each other (rho = 0.54, p < 0.0001*) and with the length of the videos, respectively (rho = 0.36, p = 0.001*), (rho = 0.29, p = 0.01*). Of the videos created by physicians, 8 (57.1%) included content related to treatment, while of the videos created by nonphysician health personnel, 22 (57.9%) included content related to prevention. Analysing whether there were differences in video parameters based on the sources, we observed significant differences between sources in GQS (p < 0.0001*), mDISCERN (p < 0.0001*), and video length (p = 0.001*). In the post-hoc analysis, videos uploaded by physicians or nonphysician health personnel showed higher quality and reliability than videos uploaded by other sources. Therefore, the results of this study could be useful for healthcare providers, as well as patients and caregivers, to search for high-quality and reliable YouTube videos related to pressure injury.

    Network visualization to interpret which healthcare services are central to people living with HIV

    Abstract

    Aim

    To employ network analysis to identify the central healthcare service needs of people living with HIV (PLWH) for integrated care.

    Design

    Cross-sectional survey.

    Methods

    A list of healthcare services was identified through literature reviews, expert workshops and validity evaluations by PLWH. A total of 243 PLWH participated at five hospitals and self-reported their need for healthcare services on a four-point Likert scale. Centrality of healthcare service needs was analysed using network analysis.

    Results

    The mean score for 20 healthcare service needs was 3.53 out of 4. The highest scoring need, “Precaution for interaction between antiretroviral therapy and other drugs,” received a rating of 3.73 but had a centrality of only 0.31. The most central node in the network of healthcare service needs, “Information and coping with opportunistic infections,” had a strength centrality of 1.63 and showed significant relationships with “non-HIV-related medical services (e.g., health check-ups)” and “Regular dental services.” The correlation stability coefficient, which quantifies the stability of centrality, was 0.44 with an acceptable value.

    Conclusions

    The most central need was information on opportunistic infections that had connections with many nodes in network analysis. By interpreting the relationships between needs, healthcare providers can design interventions with an integrative perspective.

    Implications for Patient Care

    Network visualization provides dynamic relationships between needs that are unknown from the score scale by presenting them graphically and qualitatively.

    Impact

    Using network analysis to interpret need assessment offers an integrated nursing perspective. Coping with opportunistic infection is central to connecting the chain of healthcare. This study highlights the multifaceted understanding of patients' needs that nurses gain when they conduct network analysis.

    Reporting Method

    We adhered to the STROBE checklist.

    Patient or Public Contribution

    No patient or public contribution.

    Effect of Chinese herbal compound dressings in treating patients with diabetic foot ulcers: A meta‐analysis

    Abstract

    This meta-analysis aims to systematically investigate the clinical efficacy of Chinese herbal compound dressings in treating patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). A comprehensive computerised search was conducted in databases including PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang databases, from database inception to November 2023, to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) concerning the use of Chinese herbal compound dressings in patients with DFU. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the quality based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis was performed using Stata 17.0 software. Overall, 18 RCTs involving 1405 DFU patients were included. The analysis indicated that compared to the control group, the group treated with Chinese herbal compound dressings had significantly shorter ulcer healing time (standardised mean difference [SMD] = −2.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −3.53 to −1.46, p < 0.001), reduced ulcer surface area (SMD = −3.38, 95% CI: −4.67 to −2.09, p < 0.001), and higher healing rates (odds ratio [OR] = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.72–2.92, p < 0.001) as well as overall effectiveness rates (OR = 4.56, 95% CI: 3.10–6.71, p < 0.001). This study demonstrates that the external application of Chinese herbal compound dressings in patients with DFU can significantly shorten the ulcer healing time and improve wound healing rates.

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