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To investigate empirically the direct effect and potential mechanism of family resilience on patient-reported outcomes among young stroke dyads in China.
Young patients with stroke have been becoming an important public health issue. According to relevant theories and previous studies, we found that family resilience might play an important role in patient's symptoms. However, it is less clear about the specific relationship and potential mechanisms of these two variables.
We used a prospective cross-sectional design.
A multi-item questionnaire was used to assess the constructs of interest. Researchers progressively constructed and validated conditional process models. The PROCESS macro was used to verify the research hypotheses.
A total of 560 questionnaires were collected in this study. We found that family resilience of stroke patients and their spouses had a direct effect on the physical, psychological and social aspects of patient-reported symptoms. We further revealed that caregiver preparedness partially mediated the relationship between family resilience and patient's symptoms in stroke patient-spouse dyads, while perceived social support moderated the relationship between caregiver preparedness and patient's symptoms. Finally, we observed that the impact of caregiver readiness and social support on patients' symptoms predominantly manifested in physical and physiological outcomes.
Our research provides evidence about the positive impact of family resilience on patient-reported symptoms in young stroke dyads. Meanwhile, it further revealed how caregiver preparedness and perceived social support may play out in the relationship.
Our research introduces a novel perspective and pathway to enhance short-term recovery outcomes for patients. It also furnishes clinicians and nurses with evidence to guide the implementation of interventions aimed at improving patient health outcomes and facilitating smoother transitions from the hospital to home.
What problem did the study address?
Families play a crucial role in a patient's recovery process from illness, with family resilience serving as an important force for families to overcome adversity. However, the impact on patient symptoms and the underlying mechanisms of this relationship are uncertain. Empirical research is required to validate these aspects.
What were the main findings?
Family resilience has a positive impact on the physical, psychological and social aspects of patient-reported symptoms in young stroke dyads. Both the actor effect and partner effect are supported. The impact of caregiver readiness and social support on patient-reported symptoms is primarily observed in physical and physiological outcomes.
Where and on whom will the research have an impact?
This study offers a novel approach to enhance the short-term recovery of stroke patients. The researchers believe that the findings of this study will play an even more significant role during patients' transition from the hospital to home.
This study followed the STROBE statement of cross-sectional studies.
The study was conducted by patients, their spouses, healthcare professionals and the research team.
In 2015, the term ‘intrinsic capacity’ (IC) was proposed by the World Health Organisation to promote healthy aging. However, the factors associated with IC are still discrepant and uncertain.
We aim to synthesise the factors connected with IC.
This scoping review followed the five-stage framework of Arksey and O'Malley and was reported using PRISMA-ScR guidelines.
In all, 29 articles were included. IC of older adults is associated with demographic characteristics, socioeconomic factors, disease conditions, behavioural factors, and biomarkers. Age, sex, marital status, occupation status, education, income/wealth, chronic diseases, hypertension, diabetes, disability, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and physical activity were emerged as important factors related to the IC of older adults.
This review shows that IC is related to multiple factors. Understanding these factors can provide the healthcare personnel with the theoretical basis for intervening and managing IC in older adults.
The influencing factors identified in the review help to guide older adults to maintain their own intrinsic capacity, thereby promoting their health and well-being. The modifiable factors also provide evidence for healthcare personnel to develop targeted intervention strategies to delay IC decline.
As this is a scoping review, no patient or public contributions are required.
The present study aimed to investigate the comparative efficacy of proactive perioperative nursing interventions versus conventional perioperative nursing care in improving wound healing, reducing the incidence of surgical site infections (SSIs) and enhancing patient satisfaction among paediatric patients undergoing elective open abdominal surgery. A total of 100 paediatric patients were enrolled in a randomised controlled trial at our hospital between January 2021 and December 2022. Inclusion criteria were patients aged <18 years who met the requirements for surgical intervention and had no contraindications to surgery or anaesthesia. Patients were randomly assigned to either an observation group receiving proactive perioperative nursing care, or a control group subjected to conventional care. Primary outcome measures included surgical incision healing grades (A, B, C), infection rates confirmed by bacterial culture within 30 days post-surgery, patient satisfaction scores and length of hospital stay. Comprehensive statistical analyses were performed using IBM's SPSS software (version 27.0). Both groups demonstrated statistically similar baseline demographics and surgical parameters. However, the observation group showed significant improvement in wound healing outcomes (Grade A) and decreased incidence of complications (Grade C) and infections compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Patient satisfaction was significantly higher in the observation group, with 80% of patients reporting satisfaction as opposed to 20% in the control group (p < 0.05). The distribution of pathogenic bacteria in SSIs predominantly included Escherichia coli (E. coli), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Proactive perioperative nursing interventions demonstrate considerable benefits in improving wound healing, reducing surgical site infection rates and enhancing patient satisfaction in elective open abdominal surgery settings. However, these results require validation through large-scale trials.
The management of chronic wounds has presented a significant dilemma, which is evident not only in clinical treatment but also in the substantial burden it places on medical resources. The global COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 is likely to further exacerbate this trend. Therefore, it is imperative to delve deeper into the impact of chronic wound on disease burden across different regions and populations. In this study, we focused on decubitus ulcers (DU) as representative chronic wounds and utilized data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 database (http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool) pertaining to age, gender, region, year and socio-demographic index (SDI) group. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and mortality were utilized as indicators to assess the burden of DU. The analysis and visualization were performed using R software (version 4.2.3). A decrease in the global ASRs of DALYs and mortality for DU was observed across most regions between 1990 and 2019. The reduction in burden was particularly significant in regions characterized by a high SDI, while regions with a high-middle SDI experienced an increase. The burden of DU increased with age for both males and females, with males generally experiencing a higher burden compared to females. Strengthening population-based data on the prevalence of DU and implementing dynamic monitoring at the public health level will enable policymakers to develop evidence-based strategies for efficient allocation of healthcare resources.
The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of pressure ulcers. Randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of acupuncture on pressure ulcers were identified through a comprehensive literature search on public database. The quality assessment of the included trials was performed based on the guidance of the Cochrane Reviewers' Handbook, and pooled analyses were performed by using the RevMan 5.4 software. The pooled results demonstrated that acupuncture in combination with standard wound care was significantly superior to standard wound care alone with regard to effective rate (RR 1.17, 95% CI [1.10, 1.24]), reduction in Wound Size (MD −2.78, 95% CI [−2.43, −1.44]), healing time (MD −6.24, 95% CI [−12.32, −0.17]) and the amount of 24-h exudate (MD −0.86, 95% CI [−1.54, −0.18]). In conclusion, this study suggests that acupuncture can be used as an adjunctive therapy to promote healing of pressure ulcers.
by Yaping Yao, Bin Wan, Bo Long, Te Bu, Yang Zhang
ObjectivesThe China sports lottery contributes to sports and welfare causes. This study aims to construct a macro forecasting model supporting its sustained growth aligned with Vision 2035.
MethodsThe modeling employed a distributional regression. Sales data of the China sports lottery from 2011 to 2022 were chosen as the response variable, alongside various macro- and event-level explanatory factors.
ResultsA gamma distribution best fit the data. In the stable model spanning 2011–2019, urbanization, population dynamics, and FIFA emerged as significant contributors (Chi–square p Conclusions
Beyond offering original insights into the sales trajectory until 2035, specifically concerning new urbanization, negative population growth, and the FIFA effect, this macro forecasting framework can assist in addressing the policy priority of balancing growth with risk mitigation. We recommend policymakers connect market development with mass sports, potentially garnering a dual boost from the growing population of older consumers and the inherent benefits of a “FIFA (mass sports)” effect. A people-centered approach to the China sports lottery could significantly contribute to the long–range objectives of achieving common prosperity outlined in Vision 2035.
Dressing change is the most important part of postoperative wound care. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a more effective, simple and less painful method of dressing change for anal fistulas could be found without the need for debridement and packing. Data related to postoperative recovery were recorded at postoperative days 3, 7, 14, 21 and 180.
In this experiment, 76 subjects diagnosed with high anal fistula were randomly divided into a simplified dressing change (SDC) group and a traditional debridement dressing change(TDDC) group according to a ratio of 1:1.
The SDC group had significantly fewer pain scores, bleeding rates, dressing change times, inpatient days and lower average inpatient costs than the TDDC group. There were no significant differences in wound healing time, area and depth and Wexner score between the two groups.
Studies have shown that the use of simplified dressing changes does not affect cure or recurrence rates, but significantly reduces dressing change times and pain during changes, reducing patient inpatient length of stay and costs.
Scars are fibrous tissues that replace normal tissue during the wound healing process. Scarring can lead to low self-esteem, social impairment, depression, anxiety, and other psychiatric and psychological distress, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of the latest perspectives, topical research, and directions in scarring-mental health. This is a biblioshiny and VOSviewer based bibliometric analysis study. All data were obtained from the Web of Science, and a total of 664 articles from 2003 to 2022 met the criteria. The last 7 years have been a period of rapid growth in the field, with 2022 having the highest number of articles. The United States is the core country with the highest production and citation rate. The most cited literature was written in 2003 by Van Loey NE et al. Van Loey NE is the most prolific and influential author in this field. The top five popular keywords include “quality of life”, “depression”, “management”, “anxiety”, and “prevalence”. The paper concludes that the current focus of scholars in the field is on the treatment of scars and that multidisciplinary treatment of such patients is worth exploring. These findings provide relevant researchers with the current state of research and possible future directions in this field.
The present study aims to assess the risk factors for foot ulcers in patients undergoing dialysis for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and to provide evidence-based guidance for prevention and treatment. A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database and Wanfang Data from the database inception until May 2023 to identify relevant studies investigating the risk factors for foot ulcers in dialysis patients with ESRD. Two independent researchers conducted the literature screening and data extraction. The meta-analysis was performed using STATA 17.0 software. Ultimately, six articles comprising 1620 patients were included for analysis. The meta-analysis revealed that male (OR, 1.464; 95% CI: 1.082–1.980, p = 0.013), hypertension (OR, 1.781; 95% CI: 1.293–2.4550, p < 0.001), peripheral artery disease (PAD) (OR, 5.014; 95% CI: 2.514–9.998, p < 0.001), type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) (OR, 2.993; 95% CI: 1.477–6.065, p = 0.002) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (OR, 2.498; 95% CI:1.466–4.256, p = 0.001) were risk factors for foot ulcers in dialysis patients with ESRD. Conversely, the female sex (OR, 0.683; 95% CI: 0.505–0.924, p = 0.013) was a protective factor against foot ulcers. Our analysis revealed that male sex, hypertension, PAD, T1DM and T2DM were risk factors for foot ulcers in patients undergoing dialysis for ESRD. Conversely, the female sex was a protective factor against foot ulcers. Therefore, it is crucial to strengthen health education that targets patients with these risk factors and regularly screen high-risk individuals. Early detection and treatment can help delay disease progression.
This study aims to investigate whether the current wound classifications were valid for the treatment prognosis of subjects treated for limb-threatening diabetic foot ulcers (LTDFU). A total of 1548 patients with LTDFU and infection were studied, with wounds recorded using the Wagner, Texas, PEDIS and WIfI classifications while major lower extremity amputations (LEAs) or in-hospital mortality incidences were defined as poor outcomes. Among them, 153 (9.9%) patients received major LEAs and 38 (2.5%) patients died. After adjustments, the Wagner classification and Texas stage as well as clinical factors such as comorbidity with major adverse cardiac events (MACE), being under dialysis and having serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and albumin were independent factors for prognosis. For patients without dialysis, Wagner and Texas stage stood out independently for prognosis. For patients on dialysis, only levels of CRP (odds ratio [OR] = 2.2 in Wagner, OR = 2.0 in WIfI, OR = 2.2 in Texas, OR = 2.3 in PEDIS) and albumin (OR = 0.4 in four classifications) were valid predictors. The Wagner system and Texas stage were valid for predicting prognosis in treatment for LTDFUs, suggesting a role of vascular perfusion. MACE history, levels of CRP and albumin level should assist in prediction; more significantly, only levels of CRP and albumin appeared valid for those subjects undergoing dialysis.
To assess the clinical data on the effectiveness of stem cell therapy for diabetic foot (DF) based on recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRs/MAs). SRs/MAs that evaluate the clinical evidence on the efficacy of stem cell therapy for DF were identified through a systematic search in public databases. The methodological quality and evidence quality of the included SRs/MAs were assessed separately by two researchers. Eight SRs/MAs were included in this analysis. Since there were no registered protocol or exclusion criteria for the included SRs/MAs, the methodological quality was rated as critically low. There was no high-quality evidence available for the outcomes, and the evidence quality ranged from critically low to moderate. Evidence degradation was most commonly caused by the risk of bias, followed by imprecision, publication bias and inconsistency. In conclusion, stem cell therapy may be effective for DF. However, this conclusion should be approached with caution, considering the quality of the supporting SRs/MAs.
Recently, with the rapid development of the perinatal medical system and related life-saving techniques, both the short-term and long-term prognoses of extremely preterm infants (EPIs) have improved significantly. In rapidly industrialising countries like China, the survival rates of EPIs have notably increased due to the swift socioeconomic development. However, there is still a reasonably lower positive response towards the treatment of EPIs than we expected, and the current situation of withdrawing care is an urgent task for perinatal medical practitioners.
To develop and validate a model that is practicable for EPIs as soon as possible after birth by regression analysis, to assess the risk of mortality and chance of survival.
This multicentre prospective cohort study used datasets from the Sino-Northern Neonatal Network, including 46 neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Risk factors including maternal and neonatal variables were collected within 1 hour post-childbirth. The training set consisted of data from 41 NICUs located within the Shandong Province of China, while the validation set included data from 5 NICUs outside Shandong Province. A total of 1363 neonates were included in the study.
Gestational age, birth weight, pH and lactic acid in blood gas analysis within the first hour of birth, moderate-to-severe hypothermia on admission and adequate antenatal corticosteroids were influencing factors for EPIs’ mortality with important predictive ability. The area under the curve values for internal validation of our prediction model and Clinical Risk Index for Babies-II scores were 0.81 and 0.76, and for external validation, 0.80 and 0.51, respectively. Moreover, the Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed that our model has a constant degree of calibration.
There was good predictive accuracy for mortality of EPIs based on influencing factors prenatally and within 1 hour after delivery. Predicting the risk of mortality of EPIs as soon as possible after birth can effectively guide parents to be proactive in treating more EPIs with life-saving value.
ChiCTR1900025234.
by Yingzhou Liu, Menggang Yu, Jamie N. LaMantia, Jennifer Mason Lobo, Justin J. Boutilier, Yao Liu, Meghan B. Brennan
ObjectiveSpecialty care may improve diabetic foot ulcer outcomes. Medically underserved populations receive less specialty care. We aimed to determine the association between specialty care and ulcer progression, major amputation, or death. If a beneficial association is found, increasing access to specialty care might help advance health equity.
Research design and methodsWe retrospectively analyzed a cohort of Wisconsin and Illinois Medicare patients with diabetic foot ulcers (n = 55,409), stratified by ulcer severity (i.e., early stage, osteomyelitis, or gangrene). Within each stratum, we constructed Kaplan-Meier curves for event-free survival, defining events as: ulcer progression, major amputation, or death. Patients were grouped based on whether they received specialty care from at least one of six disciplines: endocrinology, infectious disease, orthopedic surgery, plastic surgery, podiatry, and vascular surgery. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models estimated the association between specialty care and event-free survival, adjusting for sociodemographic factors and comorbidities, and stratifying on ulcer severity.
ResultsPatients who received specialty care had longer event-free survival compared to those who did not (log-rank p Conclusions
Specialty care was associated with longer event-free survivals for patients with diabetic foot ulcers. Increased, equitable access to specialty care might improve diabetic foot ulcer outcomes and disparities.
To analyse healthcare providers' (HCPs) experiences in sexual health care through the mixed-methods systematic review (MMSR).
Sexual health for breast cancer survivors (BCSs) is becoming increasingly important as survivors live longer. HCPs are critical in providing sexual health care.
A mixed-methods systematic review.
Literature searches were conducted in databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, Psychology & Behavioral Sciences Collection, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov and reference lists were searched from inception to 30 December 2022. Two independent reviewers extracted and analysed the data using the JBI guidelines for MMSR.
After screening for 2849 citations, 19 studies were eligible for MMSR, involving 2068 HCPs. Most HCPs believe that sexual health care is their responsibility. However, sexual health was not adequately addressed. A lack of knowledge was the most significant barrier to providing sexual health care. Moreover, HCPs would like to acquire more knowledge and felt that current sexual healthcare training was inadequate.
Findings suggest that HCPs did not frequently address sexual health in BCSs and that lack of knowledge was the most common barrier. Healthcare session administrators should allocate resources for sexual healthcare training that offer multiple formats, accessible content and convenience. They should also be multifaceted and proactive, meet the diverse needs of BCS at different stages and focus on effective communication.
This study highlights the importance of addressing sexual health in BCSs and the need for HCPs to receive training in this area. Training should be multifaceted, proactive and meet the diverse needs of BCSs at different stages, with a focus on effective communication. By addressing this issue, HCPs will be better equipped to support the sexual health needs of BCSs, ultimately improving their overall well-being and quality of life.
PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD42022327018 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=327018).
by Xinmeng Yao, Jinmei Li, Jialu He, Qinzhun Zhang, Yi Yu, Yinan He, Jinghua Wu, Weihong Tang, Chengyin Ye
BackgroundPulmonary rehabilitation (PR) has been recognized to be an effective therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, in China, the application of PR interventions is still less promoted. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to understand COPD patients’ intention to receive PR, capture the potential personal, social and environmental barriers preventing their willingness of receiving PR, and eventually identify demanding PR services with the highest priority from patients’ point of view.
MethodsIn total 237 COPD patients were recruited from 8 health care facilities in Zhejiang, China. A self-designed questionnaire was applied to investigate patients’ intention to participate in PR and potentially associated factors, including personal dimension such as personal awareness, demographic factors, COPD status and health-related literacy/behaviors, as well as social policies and perceived environmental barriers. The demand questionnaire of PR interventions based on the Kano model was further adopted.
ResultsAmong the 237 COPD patients, 75.1% of COPD patients were willing to participate in PR interventions, while only 62.9% of the investigated patients had heard of PR interventions. Over 90% of patients believed that the cost of PR services and the ratio of medical insurance reimbursement were potential obstacles hindering them from accepting PR services. The multiple linear regression analysis indicated that the PR skills of medical staff, knowledge promotion and public education levels of PR in the community, patients’ transportation concerns and degree of support from family and friends were significantly associated with willingness of participation in PR interventions. By using the Kano model, the top 9 most-requisite PR services (i.e., one-dimensional qualities) were identified from patients’ point of view, which are mainly diet guidance, education interventions, psychological interventions and lower limb exercise interventions. Subgroup analysis also revealed that patients’ demographics, such as breathlessness level, age, education and income levels, could influence their choice of priorities for PR services, especially services related to exercise interventions, respiratory muscle training, oxygen therapy and expectoration.
ConclusionsThis study suggested that PR-related knowledge education among patients and their family, as well as providing basic package of PR services with the most-requisite PR items to COPD patients, were considerable approaches to promote PR attendance in the future.
Our study aims to examine the associations of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) with subclinical cardiac dysfunction in a Chinese population.
Cross-sectional.
EAT and VAT are the most important ectopic fat pools which were previously shown to be associated with subclinical cardiac dysfunction. However, few studies simultaneously measured both EAT thickness and VAT area, and explored their associations with cardiac dysfunction. Our study aims to examine the associations of VAT and EAT with subclinical cardiac dysfunction in a Chinese population.
The study subjects were recruited from Danyang County from 2018 to 2019. Using Philips CX50, we recorded EAT thickness at the end-systole in a long-axis view. The subclinical systolic and diastolic function were assessed by two-dimensional speckle tracking, and transmitral and tissue Doppler imaging, respectively. Using Omron HDS-2000, we measured VAT area by dual bioelectrical impedance analysis.
The 1558 participants (age, 52.3±12.8 years) included 930 (59.7%) women. Compared with women, men had higher VAT area (99.4 vs 70.1 cm2; p
Increased EAT thickness was associated with worse subclinical systolic dysfunction, while greater VAT area was associated with early diastolic dysfunction.
The prevalence of loneliness among older adults is of great importance in the field of public health. Numerous studies have provided evidence supporting the effectiveness of social support as a powerful intervention for reducing loneliness in older individuals. However, the specific types of social support that yield positive results are yet to be determined. Therefore, this study aims to conduct a comprehensive review to compare and analyse the effectiveness of different support mechanisms in alleviating loneliness among community-dwelling older adults.
A thorough search will be conducted on various electronic databases, including EMBASE, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scopus, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Library, China Science and Technology Journal Database (Weipu), WanFang Database, and China Biology Medicine Disc. The search will include randomised controlled trials published in English or Chinese that focus on interventions for loneliness in older individuals, with loneliness as the primary measure of interest. The selection and choice of articles will be the responsibility of both reviewers. The JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Randomised Controlled Trials will be used to assess the methodological quality of the included trials. When sufficient data are obtained and the study is relatively homogeneous, a random-effects or fixed-effects model will be employed to conduct a meta-analysis, yielding a descriptive synthesis of the findings.
Ethics approval will not be sought for this systematic review as it will exclusively focus on published papers. The review findings will be showcased at a conference dedicated to this specific field and published in an appropriate journal that undergoes peer evaluation.
CRD42020226523.
This study examines the effects of rapid rehabilitation on surgical site wound infections and pain in patients with intertrochanteric femoral fractures. A computerised search was conducted for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on rapid rehabilitation care in patients undergoing surgery for intertrochanteric femoral fractures published in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biomedical Literature Database, Wanfang Database, VIP, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science. The search was conducted from the time of the database construction to August 2023. Two investigators independently performed literature screening, data extraction and quality assessment based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Meta-analysis was performed via RevMan 5.4 software. Encompassing 21 studies involving 2004 patients, with 1007 patients receiving rapid rehabilitation care and 997 receiving routine care, our analysis revealed that rapid rehabilitation care significantly reduced postoperative complications (odds ratio [OR] = 0.24, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.17–0.33, p < 0.001), wound infections (OR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.14–0.65, p = 0.002) and hospital stay (mean difference [MD] = −5.23, 95% CI: −6.03 to −4.43, p < 0.001). Moreover, compared with routine care, it notably improved wound pain (MD = −1.51, 95% CI: −1.98 to −1.05, p < 0.001) in patients undergoing surgery for intertrochanteric femoral fractures. Our findings underscore the effectiveness of rapid rehabilitation care in reducing wound pain, postoperative complications and wound infections among patients with intertrochanteric femoral fractures.
by Zhitao Guo, Xiaojie Zhao, Li Yao, Zhiying Long
The human brain can be regarded as a complex network with interacting connections between brain regions. Complex brain network analyses have been widely applied to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data and have revealed the existence of community structures in brain networks. The identification of communities may provide insight into understanding the topological functions of brain networks. Among various community detection methods, the modularity maximization (MM) method has the advantages of model conciseness, fast convergence and strong adaptability to large-scale networks and has been extended from single-layer networks to multilayer networks to investigate the community structure changes of brain networks. However, the problems of MM, suffering from instability and failing to detect hierarchical community structure in networks, largely limit the application of MM in the community detection of brain networks. In this study, we proposed the weighted modularity maximization (WMM) method by using the weight matrix to weight the adjacency matrix and improve the performance of MM. Moreover, we further proposed the two-step WMM method to detect the hierarchical community structures of networks by utilizing node attributes. The results of the synthetic networks without node attributes demonstrated that WMM showed better partition accuracy than both MM and robust MM and better stability than MM. The two-step WMM method showed better accuracy of community partitioning than WMM for synthetic networks with node attributes. Moreover, the results of resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI) data showed that two-step WMM had the advantage of detecting the hierarchical communities over WMM and was more insensitive to the density of the rs-fMRI networks than WMM.by Youwei Yao, Xuesong Niu
ObjectiveThis study aims to enhance the competitive level of Chinese freestyle skiing aerials athletes by developing a specialized physical fitness evaluation index system and model tailored for high-level Chinese athletes. This system intends to provide theoretical references and training monitoring schemes in preparation for the 25th Milan Winter Olympics.
MethodsA study was conducted on 29 high-level Chinese freestyle skiing aerials athletes. Physical fitness test indexes were selected using a literature review, expert interviews, and questionnaire surveys, and athletes were tested. Athletes were ensured to be in optimal physical condition before testing. Based on the test results, the representative indexes of the evaluation system are finally determined by combining R-type clustering analysis, multiple linear regression analysis. Determine index weights through weight questionnaires and normalization, and develop evaluation standards through methods such as percentile counting and weighted scoring.
ResultsPhysical fitness evaluation system for Chinese freestyle skiing aerialists includes three aspects: evaluation index, index weight, and evaluation standard. The evaluation indexes include 3 first-level, 11 second-level, and 11 third-level indexes of body form, physiological function, and physical quality. In the evaluation weight, physical quality is ranked first, and physiological function and body form rank second and third, respectively. The evaluation standard consists of a scoring evaluation standard and a rating evaluation standard. Based on the index system, this study constructs the general and ideal physical fitness model of China’s high-level freestyle aerials athletes.
ConclusionThe constructed physical fitness evaluation system effectively represents physical fitness development status of high-level freestyle skiing aerials athletes, providing a basis for creating personalized training plans. The established model serves as a reference for athletes’ physical fitness development objectives.
FreshRSS 