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Delivery of virtual care increased throughout the COVID-19 pandemic and persisted after physical distancing measures ended. However, little is known about how to measure the quality of virtual care, as current measures focus on in-person care and may not apply to a virtual context. This scoping review aims to understand the connections between virtual care modalities used with ambulatory patient populations and quality measures across the Quintuple Aim (provider experience, patient experience, per capita cost, population health and health equity).
Virtual care was considered any interaction between patients and/or their circle of care occurring remotely using any form of information technology. Five databases (MEDLINE, Embase, PsycInfo, Cochrane Library, JBI) and grey literature sources (11 websites, 3 search engines) were searched from 2015 to June 2021 and again in August 2022 for publications that analysed virtual care in ambulatory settings. Indicators were extracted, double-coded into the Quintuple Aim framework; patient and provider experience indicators were further categorised based on the National Academy of Medicine quality framework (safety, effectiveness, patient-centredness, timeliness, efficiency and equity). Sustainability was added to capture the potential for continued use of virtual care.
13 504 citations were double-screened resulting in 631 full-text articles, 66 of which were included. Common modalities included video or audio visits (n=43), remote monitoring (n=11) and mobile applications (n=11). The most common quality indicators were related to patient experience (n=58 articles), followed by provider experience (n=25 articles), population health outcomes (n=23 articles) and health system costs (n=19 articles).
The connections between virtual care modalities and quality domains identified here can inform clinicians, administrators and other decision-makers how to monitor the quality of virtual care and provide insights into gaps in current quality measures. The next steps include the development of a balanced scorecard of virtual care quality indicators for ambulatory settings to inform quality improvement.
This article presents the findings of a qualitative study focusing on the experiences of people aged over 70 years in the interpersonal nurse–patient care relationship in hospital settings during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim was to analyse different aspects of this relationship, including nurses' behaviour and caring attitudes, the person-centred model of care, patients' involvement in their own care and communication in the hospital context.
An exploratory qualitative study was conducted on the basis of an interpretative framework.
Six focus groups were conducted. A total of 34 participants were purposively recruited from three nursing homes in Spain, Italy and Portugal. Specific inclusion criteria were used to select participants.
Five main categories were identified. Analysis revealed the importance of empathy and sensitivity in caring relationships, as well as the need for personalized and patient-centred care. The importance of effective communication and recognition of ageist behaviour by professionals was highlighted. In addition, independent of the pandemic, situational factors in the hospital environment were identified that influence the interpersonal care relationship.
The study highlights the need to promote a person-centred model of care that takes into account the specific preferences and needs of older people. This is achieved by identifying elements of the interpersonal nurse–patient relationship. In addition to highlighting the disparity of opinion regarding an active or passive role in self-care and decision making, the importance of addressing ageism and improving communication is emphasized.
The importance of the patient–nurse relationship in hospital care has been highlighted in previous studies. Critical elements of the patient care experience have been identified as empathy and effective communication. Ageism in healthcare has been recognized as a potential barrier to patient-centred care.
The main findings highlight the importance of empathy and personalized care, emphasize the importance of effective communication and address ageist behaviours in the nurse–patient relationship.
By highlighting the need for person-centred care and improved communication strategies, particularly in the context of caring for older patients during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, this research will have an impact on healthcare professionals, policy makers and carers.
The COREQ guideline was used.
This study adopted a collaborative approach to ensure that patient perspectives were integrated into the research process. We organized regular focus groups. Patients were actively involved in shaping the research questions, refining the study design and interpreting the emerging findings. Their valuable input helped us to understand the nuances of their experience and to prioritize the aspects that were critical to their well-being. In addition, their insights guided the development of practical recommendations aimed at improving the interpersonal care relationship between nurses and patients in hospital settings, ensuring that their voices were heard and reflected in the proposed interventions. This patient-centred approach fostered a sense of empowerment among the participants. It reinforced the notion that their experiences and opinions are integral to shaping healthcare practice.
‘Healthier Wealthier Families’ (HWF) seeks to reduce financial hardship in the early years by embedding a referral pathway between Australia’s universal child and family health (CFH) services and financial counselling. This pilot study investigated the feasibility and short-term impacts of HWF, adapted from a successful Scottish initiative.
Setting: CFH services in five sites across two states, coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants: Caregivers of children aged 0–5 years experiencing financial hardship (study-designed screen). Design: Mixed methods. With limited progress using a randomised trial (RCT) design in sites 1–3 (March 2020–November 2021), qualitative interviews with service providers identified implementation barriers including stigma, lack of knowledge of financial counselling, low financial literacy, research burden and pandemic disruption. This informed a simplified RCT protocol (site 4) and direct referral model (no randomisation, pre–post evaluation, site 5) (June 2021–May 2022). Intervention: financial counselling; comparator: usual care (sites 1–4). Feasibility measures: proportions of caregivers screened, enrolled, followed up and who accessed financial counselling. Impact measures: finances (quantitative) and other (qualitative) to 6 months post-enrolment.
355/434 caregivers completed the screen (60%–100% across sites). In RCT sites (1–4), 79/365 (19%–41%) reported hardship but less than one-quarter enrolled. In site 5, n=66/69 (96%) caregivers reported hardship and 44/66 (67%) engaged with financial counselling; common issues were utility debts (73%), and obtaining entitlements (43%) or material aid/emergency relief (27%). Per family, financial counselling increased income from government entitlements by an average $A6504 annually plus $A784 from concessions, grants, brokerage and debt waivers. Caregivers described benefits (qualitative) including reduced stress, practical help, increased knowledge and empowerment.
Financial hardship screening via CFH was acceptable to caregivers, direct referral was feasible, but individual randomisation was infeasible. Larger-scale implementation will require careful, staged adaptations where CFH populations and the intervention are well matched and low burden evaluation.
ACTRN12620000154909.
Objetivo principal: Analizar la efectividad de la acupuntura en la reproducción asistida. Metodología: Realizamos una revisión bibliográfica en las bases PubMed, Scielo, Cuiden, Dialnet, Cochrane. Resultados principales: Se observó un mayor número de embarazos cuando la acupuntura se realiza durante la estimulación ovárica. Existe controversia si la acupuntura aumenta o disminuyen el riesgo de aborto. En lo que están de acuerdo los autores es que aumenta el número de embarazos conseguidos y hay un mayor número de recién nacidos vivos. Conclusión principal: La mayoría de los estudios no tienen en cuenta muchas variables, quedando excluidos datos importantes como la causa de la infertilidad, los puntos concretos de punción, duración y momento del tratamiento. En líneas generales, las revisiones concluyen en que la acupuntura favorece el número de embarazos, aunque opiniones contradictorias sobre el aumento de riesgo de aborto tras el uso de acupuntura.
Objetivo principal: determinar si el consumo de la hoja de frambuesa durante el embarazo tiene efectos beneficiosos en el parto con niveles de seguridad aceptables. Metodología: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica, los criterios de inclusión propuestos fueron que los documentos utilizados estuviesen publicados en español, inglés o portugués y en los últimos 30 años. El criterio de exclusión era descartar estudios realizados en animales. Resultados principales: se seleccionaron 6 estudios, uno fue un ensayo clínico aleatorizado, otro un observacional retrospectivo y 4 revisiones bibliográficas. La mayoría de las publicaciones indicaron que se necesitan más estudios para poder recomendar el consumo de la hoja de frambuesa en la gestación. Conclusión principal: en la actualidad no existe evidencia sólida como para recomendar el consumo durante la gestación de hoja de frambuesa con el fin de conseguir mejores resultados en el parto
Objetivo principal: determinar si se puede establecer la lactancia materna en mujeres que se hayan realizado cirugía de aumento o reducción mamaria. Metodología: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica y se propusieron como criterios de inclusión que los documentos utilizados estuviesen publicados en español, inglés o portugués y en los últimos 10 años. El criterio de exclusión era descartar estudios realizados en animales. Resultados: se obtuvieron 8 artículos para revisar: 3 eran estudios observacionales y 5 revisiones bibliográficas. En 7 de los 8 artículos se concluyó que establecer la lactancia materna es posible tras una mamoplastia. Conclusión principal: es posible establecer la lactancia materna tras una cirugía de reducción o aumento mamario, aunque puede existir mayor dificultad que en la población general. Por ello, es necesario que los profesionales sanitarios acompañen y ayuden a la mujer durante la lactancia materna.
Objetivo principal: identificar qué tipo de cura es la recomendada en el muñón umbilical en los países desarrollados. Metodología: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica y se propusieron los siguientes criterios de exclusión: estudios experimentales realizados en animales o en países con altas tasas de mortalidad; mientras que los criterios de inclusión fueron que los artículos estuvieran publicados en español o en inglés y en los últimos 5 años. Resultados principales: se obtuvieron 11 artículos para la revisión, de los cuales 4 eran estudios experimentales y 7 revisiones bibliográficas. La mayoría de los artículos comparó el uso de cura seca con la cura con antisépticos. Conclusión principal: el cuidado del muñón umbilical a realizar en países desarrollados ha de ser la cura seca puesto que no existen diferencias significativas en comparación con la cura que utiliza agentes antisépticos.
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