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UK medical students self-reported knowledge and harm assessment of psychedelics and their application in clinical research: a cross-sectional study

Por: Song-Smith · C. · Jacobs · E. · Rucker · J. · Saint · M. · Cooke · J. · Schlosser · M.
Objective

To capture UK medical students’ self-reported knowledge and harm assessment of psychedelics and to explore the factors associated with support for changing the legal status of psychedelics to facilitate further clinical research.

Design

Cross-sectional, anonymous online survey of UK medical students using a non-random sampling method.

Setting

UK medical schools recognised by the General Medical Council.

Participants

132 medical students who had spent an average of 3.8 years (SD=1.4; range: 1–6) in medical school.

Results

Most students (83%) reported that they were aware of psychedelic research and only four participants (3%) said that they were not interested in learning more about this type of research. Although medical students’ harm assessment of psychedelics closely aligned with that of experts, only 17% of students felt well-educated on psychedelic research. Teachings on psychedelics were only rarely encountered in their curriculum (psilocybin: 14.1 (SD=19.9), scale: 0 (never) to 100 (very often)). Time spent at medical schools was not associated with more knowledge about psychedelics (r=0.12, p=0.129). On average, this sample of medical students showed strong support for changing the legal status of psychedelics to facilitate further research into their potential clinical applications (psilocybin: 80.2 (SD=24.8), scale: 0 (strongly oppose) to 100 (strongly support)). Regression modelling indicated that greater knowledge of psychedelics (p

Conclusions

Our findings reveal a significant interest among UK medical students to learn more about psychedelic research and a strong support for further psychedelic research. Future studies are needed to examine how medical education could be refined to adequately prepare medical students for a changing healthcare landscape in which psychedelic-assisted therapy could soon be implemented in clinical practice.

An mHealth application for chronic vascular access: A multi‐method evaluation

Abstract

Background

Healthcare consumers require diverse resources to assist their navigation of complex healthcare interactions, however, these resources need to be fit for purpose.

Aim

In this study, we evaluated the utility, usability and feasibility of children, families and adults requiring long-term intravenous therapy using a recently developed mobile health application (App), intravenous (IV) Passport.

Design

Multi-site, parallel, multi-method, prospective cohort study.

Methods

A multi-site, multi-method study was carried out in 2020–2021, with 46 participants (20 adults, 26 children/family) reporting on their experiences surrounding the use of the IV Passport for up to 6 months.

Results

Overall, utility rates were acceptable, with 78.3% (N = 36) using the IV Passport over the follow-up period, with high rates of planned future use for those still active in the project (N = 21; 73%), especially in the child/family cohort (N = 13; 100%). Acceptability rates were high (9/10; IQR 6.5–10), with the IV Passport primarily used for documenting new devices and complications. Thematic analysis revealed three main themes (and multiple subthemes) in the qualitative data: Advocacy for healthcare needs, Complexity of healthcare and App design and functionality.

Conclusion

Several recommendations were made to improve the end-user experience including ‘how to’ instructions; and scheduling functionality for routine care.

Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care

The IV Passport can be safely and appropriately integrated into healthcare, to support consumers.

Impact

Patient-/parent-reported feedback suggests the Intravenous Passport is a useful tool for record-keeping, and positive communication between patients/parents, and clinicians.

Reporting Method

Not applicable.

Patient Contribution

Consumers reported their experiences surrounding the use of the IV Passport for up to 6 months.

Protocol for the challenge non-typhoidal Salmonella (CHANTS) study: a first-in-human, in-patient, double-blind, randomised, safety and dose-escalation controlled human infection model in the UK

Por: Smith · C. · Smith · E. · Rydlova · A. · Varro · R. · Hinton · J. C. D. · Gordon · M. A. · Choy · R. K. M. · Liu · X. · Pollard · A. J. · Chiu · C. · Cooke · G. S. · Gibani · M. M.
Introduction

Invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) serovars are a major cause of community-acquired bloodstream infections in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In this setting, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium accounts for two-thirds of infections and is associated with an estimated case fatality rate of 15%–20%. Several iNTS vaccine candidates are in early-stage assessment which—if found effective—would provide a valuable public health tool to reduce iNTS disease burden. The CHANTS study aims to develop a first-in-human Salmonella Typhimurium controlled human infection model, which can act as a platform for future vaccine evaluation, in addition to providing novel insights into iNTS disease pathogenesis.

Methods and analysis

This double-blind, safety and dose-escalation study will randomise 40–80 healthy UK participants aged 18–50 to receive oral challenge with one of two strains of S. Typhimurium belonging to the ST19 (strain 4/74) or ST313 (strain D23580) lineages. 4/74 is a global strain often associated with diarrhoeal illness predominantly in high-income settings, while D23580 is an archetypal strain representing invasive disease-causing isolates found in SSA. The primary objective is to determine the minimum infectious dose (colony-forming unit) required for 60%–75% of participants to develop clinical or microbiological features of systemic salmonellosis. Secondary endpoints are to describe and compare the clinical, microbiological and immunological responses following challenge. Dose escalation or de-escalation will be undertaken by continual-reassessment methodology and limited within prespecified safety thresholds. Exploratory objectives are to describe mechanisms of iNTS virulence, identify putative immune correlates of protection and describe host–pathogen interactions in response to infection.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval has been obtained from the NHS Health Research Authority (London—Fulham Research Ethics Committee 21/PR/0051; IRAS Project ID 301659). The study findings will be disseminated in international peer-reviewed journals and presented at national/international stakeholder meetings. Study outcome summaries will be provided to both funders and participants.

Trial registration number

NCT05870150

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