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Food allergy affects a large population throughout the world. Recently, oral immunotherapy (OIT) has been reported as an effective treatment for severe food allergy. Although OIT was successful in numerous trials in desensitisation, adverse events including anaphylaxis during OIT frequently occur. Additionally, some patients fail to be desensitised after OIT and the response to treatment is often not sustained. As a further adjunctive therapy to facilitate OIT, the role of biological agents has been identified. For example, efficacy and safety of omalizumab as an adjuvant therapy of OIT has become apparent through some RCTs and observational studies. Interest towards this topic is growing worldwide, and ongoing trials will provide additional data on the biologics in food allergy.
We aim to systematically analyse the efficacy and safety of OIT combined with biological agents for food allergy.
This paper provides a protocol for a systematic review of the relevant published analytical studies using an aggregate approach following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols guidelines. Two authors will perform a comprehensive search for studies on MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases. Subsequently, two independent authors will perform abstract screening, full-text screening and data extraction. A meta-analysis will be conducted as appropriate.
The protocol of this systematic review will be provided in a peer-reviewed journal. As the researchers will not identify the individual patients included in the studies, they do not need to acquire ethics approval.
CRD42022373015.
by Nanako Takaoka, Michiko Yamane, Ayami Hasegawa, Koya Obara, Kyoumi Shirai, Ryoichi Aki, Hiroyasu Hatakeyama, Yuko Hamada, Nobuko Arakawa, Manabu Tanaka, Robert M. Hoffman, Yasuyuki Amoh
There has been only limited success to differentiate adult stem cells into cardiomyocyte subtypes. In the present study, we have successfully induced beating atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes from rat hair-follicle-associated pluripotent (HAP) stem cells, which are adult stem cells located in the bulge area. HAP stem cells differentiated into atrial cardiomyocytes in culture with the combination of isoproterenol, activin A, bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and cyclosporine A (CSA). HAP stem cells differentiated into ventricular cardiomyocytes in culture with the combination of activin A, BMP4, bFGF, inhibitor of Wnt production-4 (IWP4), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Differentiated atrial cardiomyocytes were specifically stained for anti-myosin light chain 2a (MLC2a) antibody. Ventricular cardiomyocytes were specially stained for anti-myosin light chain 2v (MLC2v) antibody. Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) showed significant expression of MLC2a in atrial cardiomyocytes and MLC2v in ventricular cardiomyocytes. Both differentiated atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes showed characteristic waveforms in Ca2+ imaging. Differentiated atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes formed long myocardial fibers and beat as a functional syncytium, having a structure similar to adult cardiomyocytes. The present results demonstrated that it is possible to induce cardiomyocyte subtypes, atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes, from HAP stem cells.by Masahiro Suiko, Satoshi Mizukami, Kazuhiko Arima, Hiroki Nakashima, Takayuki Nishimura, Yoshihito Tomita, Yasuyo Abe, Natsumi Tanaka, Yuzo Honda, Michiko Kojima, Tetsuji Okawachi, Maiko Hasegawa, Youko Sou, Ritsu Tsujimoto, Mitsuo Kanagae, Makoto Osaki, Kiyoshi Aoyagi
BackgroundLow bone mass is an independent risk factor for osteoporotic fractures. We examined the association between physical performance and bone mass using quantitative ultrasound in community-dwelling postmenopausal Japanese women.
MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study on 524 community-dwelling postmenopausal Japanese women who were not being administered osteoporosis medications. Physical performance was assessed on the basis of grip strength, chair stand time, and functional reach. The stiffness index was measured as a quantitative ultrasound parameter for heel bone mass.
ResultsPhysical performance, assessed by grip strength, chair stand time, and functional reach, and the stiffness index significantly decreased with age (both p Conclusions
Physical performance was significantly associated with heel bone mass in community-dwelling postmenopausal Japanese women.
To investigate the association between the number of teeth and the new onset of pre-diabetes.
Retrospective cohort study.
The National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan, which holds information from both the yearly health check-up programme known as the ‘Specific Health Checkup’ and health insurance claims data.
1 098 371 normoglycaemic subjects who participated in the Specific Health Checkup programme every year from fiscal year (FY) 2015 to FY 2018 and had dental insurance claims data with a diagnosis of periodontal disease during FY 2016.
Incidence of pre-diabetes or diabetes observed at the Specific Health Checkup during FY 2018.
Among the participants, 1 77 908 subjects developed pre-diabetes, and 579 developed diabetes at the check-up during the subsequent follow-up year. Compared with the subjects with 26–28 teeth, those with 20–25, 15–19 or 1–14 teeth were associated with an increased likelihood of developing pre-diabetes or diabetes onset with adjusted ORs of 1.03 (95% CI: 1.02 to 1.05), 1.06 (1.03 to 1.09) and 1.07 (1.04 to 1.11), respectively. No clear modifications were observed for age, sex, body mass index or current smoking.
Having fewer teeth was associated with a higher incidence of pre-diabetes. Due to the limitations of this study, however, causality remains undetermined.
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