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To examine published studies on nursing academics' experience with student incivility, explore their management strategies, and identify existing knowledge gaps.
This scoping review was guided by Arksey and O'Malley's five-stage framework.
Studies published between 2009 and June 2024 in English were retrieved from PubMed, CINAHL Complete, ProQuest, and Scopus.
The review included qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods studies on nursing academics' experiences or perceptions of student incivility and/or interventions to manage it in higher education. Data were analysed using descriptive methods.
Thirty-five studies met the inclusion criteria. The studies mostly explored nursing academics' experiences (n = 18) or perceptions (n = 15) of student incivility. Of the eleven studies that investigated how academic staff address student incivility, nine were interventional studies and two qualitative studies explored academics' experiences.
The prevalence of reported nursing student incivility is substantial in the literature, yet there is limited evidence on sustainable, targeted management strategies to address the issue and support nursing academics.
Further research is needed to evaluate the feasibility and long-term effectiveness of strategies and interventions aimed at reducing student incivility and to explore effective management strategies adopted by nursing academics across diverse cultural and online learning settings. It is critical to develop interventions that address the root causes of student nurse incivility and strengthen institutional support systems.
This scoping review addresses gaps in the literature on managing nursing student incivility across diverse learning environments, providing evidence to inform the development of contextually appropriate strategies that support nursing academics in managing incivility effectively within evolving educational settings.
This review followed the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) Checklist.
No patient or public involvement.
This paper discusses data errors and offers guidance on data cleaning techniques, with a particular focus on handling missing values and outliers in quantitative datasets.
Methodological discussion.
This paper provides an overview of various techniques for identifying and addressing data anomalies, which can arise from incomplete, noisy, and inconsistent data. These anomalies can significantly affect data quality, leading to biased model parameter estimates and evidence-based decisions. Data cleaning, particularly the appropriate handling of missing values and outliers, is essential to improving data quality before analysis. Data cleaning includes screening for anomalies, diagnosing errors, and applying appropriate corrective measures.
Proper handling of missing values and the identification and correction of outliers are crucial aspects of data cleaning in ensuring data quality and the reliability of statistical analyses. Effective data cleaning enhances the validity and accuracy of research findings for evidence-based decision making that leads to optimal patient outcomes.
The quality of study results depends on how a dataset and its complexities are processed or handled before the analysis. Nursing researchers must use a framework to identify and address important data anomalies and produce reliable results.
This paper describes data cleaning, often overlooked during the data mining process, as a crucial step before conducting data analysis. By addressing missing values and outliers, identifying and fixing data anomalies, and enhancing data quality prior to analysis, data cleaning techniques can produce precise research findings for evidence-based decision making.
In this methodological paper, no new data were generated.
No patient or public contribution.
This paper explores the methodological challenges associated with cross-cultural validation of clinical assessment measures and proposes strategies to enhance the validity and reliability of these assessments.
Methodological discussion.
Three main phases require consideration in the cross-cultural validation of assessment instruments: (1) Linguistic translation of the assessment instrument and confirmation of its equivalence, which includes conceptual, item, semantic and operational equivalence; (2) Empirical validation of the translated version's accuracy; (3) Adjusting the scores to fit the cultural context.
Achieving cross-cultural equivalence of assessment instruments is a complex and challenging process that can only be achieved through methodological rigour. It requires interdisciplinary collaboration of both linguistic and subject experts with strong statistical knowledge and a willingness to explore the nuances of the target population. By enhancing methodological rigour, we can improve the validity of clinical assessment measures across cultures, ultimately leading to better health outcomes for diverse populations.
The implications of cross-cultural validation of clinical assessment measures/tools for nursing are significant and multifaceted. Overcoming challenges to cross-cultural validation contributes to the professional growth of nurses by equipping them with greater cultural awareness and confidence in the tools' reliability for patient assessment and evaluation. This not only aids in their clinical practice but also fosters a commitment to evidence-based practice, enhancing their overall effectiveness as healthcare providers. Reliable and valid assessment tools enable nurses to confidently engage in research literature that reflects the realities of diverse populations. This can inform healthcare policies and practices, ensuring they are inclusive and equitable.
While researchers endeavour to reach a consensus on the definition of cross-cultural equivalence and how it should be determined, this practical introduction discusses challenges and proposes strategies to enhance the validity and reliability of these measures/tools.
No patient or public contribution.
Sepsis and antibiotic resistance constitute a deadly synergy, causing the loss of millions of lives across the world, with their economic and developmental consequences posing a threat to global prosperity. Their impact is disproportionately felt in resource-limited settings and among vulnerable populations, especially children. A key challenge is prompt diagnosis and timely commencement of appropriate antibiotic therapies. These challenges are compounded in low-income and middle-income countries by a lack of comprehensive epidemiological data, with Nigeria being one such country for which it is lacking. Kaduna is the third largest state in Nigeria, with over 10 million inhabitants, of whom more than half are children under 14 years old. While bacterial sepsis and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are recognised as a growing problem in the state, there are huge gaps in the current understanding of their aetiology. This project employs a cross-sectional design to investigate the clinical and haematological markers of paediatric sepsis, alongside determining the bacterial cause and prevalence of AMR at four high-turnover hospitals in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Further, whole-genome sequencing of isolated bacterial pathogens will be performed to determine the genetic features of resistance. This project represents the largest surveillance study of paediatric sepsis in Kaduna to date. Additionally, we aim to use the clinical, haematological, microbiological and genomic data to derive predictive models for sepsis causes, treatment strategies and patient outcomes.
This is a hospital-based, cross-sectional study that will recruit up to 461 children with bacterial sepsis who were admitted at the two teaching and two general hospitals in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Children presenting with features of fever, subnormal temperature and body weakness would be recruited into the study and have their blood samples collected. The blood samples will be used for culture, complete blood count, HIV and malaria testing. Accordingly, we will capture clinical presentation, haematological characteristics, causative pathogen from blood culture and patient outcomes. Nutritional status, known congenital immunosuppressive diseases, HIV infection and malaria infection will also be determined and documented. The bacterial isolates will be phenotypically characterised for AMR and genotypically following whole genome sequencing. Known and potential confounders to the outcomes of bacterial sepsis would be assessed in all participants, and adjustment for confounding would be performed using logistic regression and/or stratification±Mantel-Haenszel estimator where applicable.
Ethical approvals were granted by the University of Birmingham (ERN_2115-Jun2024), the Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTHZ/HREC/H45/2023), Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital, Kaduna (NHREC/30/11/21A) and the Kaduna State Ministry of Health (MOH/AD M/744/VOL.1/1110018). The study will be conducted using the international guidelines for good clinical practice and based on the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The results will be disseminated via oral and poster presentations in scientific conferences and published in peer-reviewed journal articles.
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