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“It's Not Just a Pause”: A Qualitative Exploration of Micro‐Breaks Among Clinical Nurses

ABSTRACT

Background

This study explored the specific experiences of clinical nurses regarding micro-breaks during work intervals, aiming to provide a reference for nursing managers in building supportive work environments.

Methods

The study was conducted and reported in accordance with the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) guidelines. From September to November 2025, purposive sampling was used to select 12 clinical nurses from a large teaching hospital in Shanghai. Guided by the Conservation of Resources Theory, we employed a descriptive qualitative research design with semi-structured in-depth interviews. Data were analyzed using directed content analysis.

Results

The experiences of clinical nurses regarding micro-breaks were summarized into three main themes and seven subthemes: (1) the diverse practical forms of micro-breaks (physical disengagement, cognitive detachment, and minimal replenishment); (2) the complex impacts of micro-breaks (potential social costs, potential psychological costs); and (3) the feasibility of micro-breaks in different work environments (department characteristics and work pace, organizational culture and leadership style).

Conclusions

Micro-breaks serve as a proactive self-regulation strategy for clinical nurses in high-intensity work environments. They provide not only a momentary physical pause but also an opportunity for psychological and emotional recovery, contributing to the maintenance of professional resilience. Nursing managers should recognize and respect this behavior, strengthen external environmental support, and aim to enhance nurses work well-being and overall quality of care.

Patient or Public Contribution

This study did not include patient or public involvement in its design, conduct, or reporting.

Clinical Relevance

Nurses in high-acuity settings face continuous resource depletion that can compromise both their well-being and patient safety. This study offers evidence-based insights into how clinical nurses spontaneously use micro-breaks as a proactive self-regulation strategy to restore personal and social resources. By identifying the diverse forms, dual impacts, and contextual determinants of micro-breaks, the findings provide actionable guidance for nursing managers and healthcare organizations to design psychologically supportive work environments. Recognizing and legitimizing micro-breaks as a legitimate recovery practice may serve as a low-threshold, low-cost intervention to mitigate burnout, sustain work engagement, and ultimately protect the quality and continuity of patient care.

Self‐Management Behaviour Preferences in Adolescents and Young Adults With Chronic Diseases Undergoing Healthcare Transition: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review

ABSTRACT

Aim

To summarize current evidence regarding preferences for self-management behaviours among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with chronic diseases during the healthcare transition period.

Design

Mixed-methods systematic review.

Methods

The review following the Joanna Briggs Institute Mixed Methods Systematic Review (JBI M-MSR) methodology convergent integrated approach, which is separate qualitative and quantitative syntheses followed by integration in a narrative form. The methodological quality of included articles was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.

Data Sources

We searched nine databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, MEDLINE, CINAHL Plus, psyINFO, CNKI, Wan Fang and SinoMed) from their inception up to December 4, 2025, restricting results to English and Chinese publications.

Results

A total of 31 studies were included in the review. These studies synthesise three main themes: (1) preferences for medical management behaviours; (2) preferences for emotional coping strategies and (3) preferences for role and identity maintenance.

Conclusion

This review underscores the importance of understanding AYAs' preferences for self-management behaviours during healthcare transition, offering insights to improve their engagement and adherence.

Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care

Healthcare providers can improve transition outcomes for AYAs with chronic diseases by surveying their preferences for self-management behaviours and creating tailored plans.

Impact

Highlights the importance of considering diverse preferences for self-management behaviours. Contributes to improving health outcomes and quality of life for AYAs during healthcare transitions.

Reporting Method

The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analysis (PRISMA) checklist was followed.

Patient or Public Contribution

This study did not include patient or public involvement in its design, conduct, or reporting.

Virtual Reality Simulation in Disaster Nursing Education and Training: A Scoping Review

ABSTRACT

Background

Disaster response presents significant challenges to the competence of nurses. Virtual reality simulation (VRS) offers innovative opportunities for nursing administrators and educators in the field of disaster nursing education and training.

Objective

This study aimed to explore the use and effectiveness of virtual reality simulations in disaster nursing education and training.

Methods

A scoping review was conducted using the Arksey and O'Malley framework, extended by Levac. The following databases were systematically searched from inception to August 30, 2024: PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang Database and CBM. Two researchers independently screened the identified articles and extracted relevant data. This scoping review was reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist.

Results

The review included thirteen studies published between 2013 and 2024. Of these, seven studies employed a quasi-experimental design, six utilised a randomised controlled trial (RCT) design and one study used a longitudinal experimental design. The disaster nursing education and training content covered six main areas: triage training, on-site first aid training, infectious disease prevention and control, disaster response skills training, emergency response training for nursing staff and post-disaster psychological recovery training. The reported outcomes primarily focused on Kirkpatrick's Level 1 (participant satisfaction with the training experience) and Level 2 (measuring the benefit to participants from the training).

Relevance to Clinical Practice

This scoping review identified the research progress and trends of virtual reality simulation technology in the process of cultivating disaster nursing talents at home and abroad and provides a reference for disaster nursing managers and educators to conduct disaster nursing training based on virtual reality simulation technology.

No Patient or Public Contribution

This is a review article based on a review of the literature, with no patient participation.

Nursing Interventions for Patients With Hypertension, Diabetes and Dyslipidemia: A Scoping Review

ABSTRACT

Aims

To conduct a comprehensive assessment of nursing interventions for patients with hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia and analyse the components, delivery methods and outcomes of intervention programmes.

Design

Scoping review.

Data Sources

Systematic searches were performed in four Chinese databases (WanFang, CNKI, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and the VIP database) and six English databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library) from their inception until October 2023. An updated search was performed on 6 August 2024.

Methods

Two reviewers independently retrieved full-text studies and conducted the initial screening of titles and abstracts, followed by full-text analysis and data extraction.

Results

A total of 49 articles were included in this review. The nursing interventions consisted of various components, including fitness exercise, a balanced diet, mental health support, medication administration and others. The most commonly used delivery method was health education, with an increasing trend towards online interventions. However, the included studies did not provide details on delivery methods, including the team qualifications, subject areas or intervention duration and frequency. The nursing interventions achieved their research aims to varying degrees, as measured by subjective and/or objective indicators.

Conclusion

The nursing interventions for the three highs are diverse, including offline, online and combined methods, covering exercise, diet, and mental health. Future efforts can draw on these intervention components and methods and establish a nurse-led multidisciplinary team. The measurement of objective indicators, including blood lipids, should be taken seriously. Developing more diverse subjective measurement indicators can comprehensively assess patients' health.

Impact

This review offers clear guidance for the subsequent prevention and management of the three highs and consolidates evidence for healthcare professionals to devise targeted intervention strategies.

Reporting Method

We followed Arksey's five-step framework and the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR).

Patient or Public Contribution

No.

Barriers and Enablers in the Implementation of Physical Activity Improvement for Pregnant Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Mixed‐Methods Study

ABSTRACT

Aim

To identify the barriers and enablers in the implementation of evidence-based physical activity (PA) programmes for the improvement of health outcomes among pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and to develop strategies for implementing this evidence in clinical practice.

Methods

A convergent mixed-methods study was conducted, integrating a descriptive qualitative research design with a cross-sectional survey. In-depth interview was used to collect the views and cognitions about physical activity from medical staff, leaders and pregnant women. The qualitative data was analysed using directed content analysis, guided by the Ottaw Model of Research Use (OMRU). A self-designed questionnaire, which was based on the current best evidence for physical activity during pregnancy, was administered to gather data regarding nurse’ knowledge of physical activity (PA safety, managing blood glucose with PA, etc.), their management practice (timing of assessments, provision of information, etc.), as well as the knowledge levels of physical activity among pregnant women with GDM (principles of exercise, PA precautions, etc.).

Results

A total of 12 medical staff members and 14 pregnant women were interviewed. Ten nurses and 102 pregnant women with GDM completed the questionnaire. We generated 12 subthemes organised within three themes of the OMRU from the data, including insufficient professional autonomy, positive attitudes towards evidence implementation, shortage of nursing staff, implementation climate, etc. The average knowledge score of physical activity among nurses and pregnant women was 5 (SD 2.36) points and 5.2 (SD 1.70) points, respectively. Ten strategies for overcoming barriers and amplifying enablers for the implementation of the physical activity improvement programme for pregnant women with GDM, under the guidance of the OMRU were constructed.

Conclusion

An accumulation of evidence, adopters and practice environment factors across the OMRU domains explains why physical activity improvement initiatives for pregnant women with GDM are hard to implement.

Impacts

This study helps to recognise barriers and facilitators to physical activity improvement particularly at the evidence, potential adopter and practical environment level.

Patient

Healthcare workers (doctors, nurses, etc.) and pregnant women with GDM in a university hospital located in Sichuan Province.

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