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Sex-related differential item functioning of the Jenkins Sleep Scale: a cross-sectional study among 77 967 employees in the Finnish public sector

Por: Juhola · J. · Arokoski · J. P. A. · Ervasti · J. · Kivimäki · M. · Vahtera · J. · Myllyntausta · S. · Saltychev · M.
Objectives

To investigate if the Jenkins Sleep Scale (JSS) demonstrates sex-related differential item functioning (DIF).

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Survey data from the Finnish Public Sector study (2015–2017).

Participants

77 967 employees in the Finnish public sector, with a mean age of 51.9 (SD 13.1) years and 82% women.

Outcome measures

Item response theory estimates: difficulty and discrimination parameters of the JSS and differences in these parameters between men and women.

Results

The mean JSS total score was 6.4 (4.8) points. For all four items of the JSS, the difficulty parameter demonstrated a slight shift towards underestimation of the severity of sleep difficulties. The discrimination ability of all four items was moderate to high. For the JSS composite score, overall discrimination ability was moderate (0.98, 95% CI 0.97 to 0.99). Mild uniform DIF (p

Conclusions

The JSS showed overall good psychometric properties among this healthy population of employees in the Finnish public sector. The JSS was able to discriminate people with different severities of sleep disturbances. However, when using the JSS, the respondents might slightly underestimate the severity of these disturbances. While the JSS may produce slightly different results when answered by men and women, these sex-related differences are probably negligible when applied to clinical situations.

Finnish Retirement and Aging Study: a prospective cohort study

Por: Stenholm · S. · Suorsa · K. · Leskinen · T. · Myllyntausta · S. · Pulakka · A. · Pentti · J. · Vahtera · J.
Purpose

The Finnish Retirement and Aging (FIREA) Study was set up to study changes in health behavioural and cardiometabolic risk factors across retirement transition, and to examine the long-term consequences of work and retirement on health and functioning with advancing age.

Participants

Public sector workers whose estimated statutory retirement date was in 2014–2019 were invited to participate by sending them a questionnaire 18 months prior to their estimated retirement date. In the first phase of the FIREA Study, participants were followed up with annual surveys, accelerometer and clinical measurements during retirement transition into post-retirement years. The FIREA survey cohort includes 6783 participants, of which 908 belong also to the activity substudy and 290 to the clinical substudy.

Findings to date

Collected data include survey measures about health, lifestyle factors, psychosocial distress, work-related factors as well as retirement intentions. Accelerometer and GPS devices are used to measure 24-hour movement behaviours. Clinical examination includes blood and hair sample, measurements of anthropometry, cardiovascular function, physical fitness, physical and cognitive function. Our results suggest that in general retirement transition seems to have beneficial influence on health behaviours as well as on physical and mental health, but there are large individual differences, and certain behaviours such as sedentariness tend to increase especially among those retiring from manual occupations.

Future plans

The second phase of the FIREA Study will be conducted during 2023–2025, when participants are 70 years old. The FIREA Study welcomes research collaboration proposals that fall within the general aims of the project.

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