Conectar
We hypothesise that women with type 2 diabetes and hypertension are less likely than comparable men to receive renin–angiotensin system (RAS)-inhibiting antihypertensive treatment, particularly as first-line therapy. This study’s main aim is to investigate the delivery of RAS inhibitor treatments by sex and number of antihypertensive treatments used.
Cross-sectional study in a cohort.
Constances cohort, France, 2012–2019.
2541 participants with type 2 diabetes among the 196 477 individuals aged 18–69 included in the Constances cohort.
Proportion of individuals treated with RAS inhibitors by sex and number of antihypertensive treatments dispensed. Factors associated with the use of RAS inhibitors.
Among 2541 diabetics, 1742 (68.6%) had received at least one antihypertensive treatment during the year preceding inclusion—a percentage that did not differ significantly between men and women (p=0.07). In analyses stratified by the number of antihypertensive classes, RAS inhibitors were delivered significantly less often to women than men for single-drug therapy (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.81; p=0.008) and two-drug therapy (0.35, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.75, p=0.007) but not in regimens of three or more drugs (0.29, 95% CI 0.05 to 1.56; p=0.15). In the multivariate analysis, women received RAS inhibitors significantly less often than men (0.41, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.62; p
Women with type 2 diabetes are less likely than men to receive a prescription for RAS inhibitors, although this drug class is recommended as first-line therapy in this population.
To partner with healthcare professionals and other stakeholders to identify top 10 research priorities within universal child and adolescent health promotion and disease preventive services.
The study used an adapted James Lind Alliance (JLA) approach. This included a priority setting partnership within the field of municipal health promotion and preventive services for children and adolescents, the gathering of research needs as reported by a national sample of healthcare professionals and other stakeholders and the sorting, evidence checking and final prioritisation of two top 10 lists corresponding with the two municipal service areas: (1) pregnancy care and child health centres 0–5 years and (2) school health service and youth health centres. The research needs were collected using an online survey asking: ‘In your opinion, what should scientific communities in Norway conduct research on to enhance child and adolescent health promotion and preventive services?’. Suggested needs framed as topics were sorted and categorised in Microsoft Excel. The digital survey Nettskjema was applied for final prioritisation by voting.
Municipal child and adolescent health promotion and disease prevention services in Norway.
Altogether, 1141 healthcare professionals and other stakeholders (government administrators and university staff).
The participants submitted a total of 1780 research needs. Following the steps of the JLA priority setting process, the two final top 10 lists were generated. The lists include research priorities relating to, for example, health literacy, mental health promotion, counselling and teaching, follow-up of children and families in vulnerable positions and interdisciplinary collaboration.
Research priorities for child and adolescent health promotion and preventive services were identified through structured user involvement of healthcare professionals and other stakeholders using the JLA framework. The two lists address key knowledge gaps and reflect current societal and professional challenges. The findings can enhance research relevance, foster collaboration and guide research and research funding.
by R. Keith Andringa, Nicholas A. Bruni, Jennifer A. Smith, Heather L. Prestridge, Ryan Thornton, Jacquelyn K. Grace
Microplastic pollution has become a global concern and understanding its impact on wildlife requires effective sampling techniques that quantify exposure. In particular, non-lethal sampling techniques are needed for passerines for which microplastic exposure is poorly understood. In this study, we evaluated whether non-lethal proventricular gastric lavage can provide a representative sample of total microplastic ingestion in passerine birds. We sampled Brown-headed Cowbirds (Molothrus ater) (n = 105) from Government Canyon State Natural Area in San Antonio, Texas, United States (US). We performed gastric lavage to recover microplastics from each bird, before euthanizing them and dissecting gastrointestinal tracts. We recovered microplastics from 99% of birds. Gastric lavage recovered an average of 50.4% of ingested microplastics although recovery rate was highly variable (range: 0–100%, coefficient of variation: 59.52%), indicating much uncertainty in estimating individual total microplastic loads from gastric lavage. Sampling date influenced microplastic loads and recovery rates, which may be due to untested microplastic-environment interactions or may be an artifact of sampling conditions. Recovery rate was unaffected by time of day, bird age, sex, or body condition, or microplastic shape. Overall, our findings suggest that gastric lavage provides highly variable estimates of total gastrointestinal microplastics, and may be more appropriate for studies of recently ingested microplastics, only, that should be contained within the proventriculus.
FreshRSS 