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Common practices for sociodemographic data reporting in digital mental health intervention research: a scoping review

Por: Kirvin-Quamme · A. · Kissinger · J. · Quinlan · L. · Montgomery · R. · Chernenok · M. · Pirner · M. C. · Pajarito · S. · Rapoport · S. · Wicks · P. · Darcy · A. · Greene · C. J. · Robinson · A.
Background

The ability of digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) to reduce mental health disparities relies on the recruitment of research participants with diverse sociodemographic and self-identity characteristics. Despite its importance, sociodemographic reporting in research is often limited, and the state of reporting practices in DMHI research in particular has not been comprehensively reviewed.

Objectives

To characterise the state of sociodemographic data reported in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of app-based DMHIs published globally from 2007 to 2022.

Methods

A scoping review of RCTs of app-based DMHIs examined reporting frequency for 16 sociodemographic domains (eg, gender) and common category options within each domain (eg, woman). The search queried five electronic databases. 5079 records were screened and 299 articles were included.

Results

On average, studies reported 4.64 (SD=1.79; range 0–9) of 16 sociodemographic domains. The most common were age (97%) and education (67%). The least common were housing situation (6%), residency/location (5%), veteran status (4%), number of children (3%), sexual orientation (2%), disability status (2%) and food security (

Conclusions

This review describes the widespread underreporting of sociodemographic information in RCTs of app-based DMHIs published from 2007 to 2022. Reporting was often incomplete (eg, % female only), unclear (eg, the conflation of gender/sex) and limited (eg, only options representing majority groups were reported). Trends suggest reporting has somewhat improved in recent years. Diverse participant populations must be welcomed and described in DMHI research to broaden learning and the generalisability of results, a prerequisite of DMHI’s potential to reduce disparities in mental healthcare.

Association between dementia risk and ulcerative colitis, with and without colectomy: a Swedish population-based register study

Por: Garcia-Argibay · M. · Hiyoshi · A. · Montgomery · S.
Objective

This study aims to investigate the association of ulcerative colitis (UC) with all-cause dementia and assess differences in those with and without a total colectomy.

Design, setting and participants

This Swedish prospective register-based study comprised 4.8 million individuals aged at least 59 years between 1964 and 2018 with the linkage of several Swedish national registers.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Individuals with dementia were defined according to International Classification of Diseases diagnostic codes and Anatomical Therapeutic Classification codes for medication prescriptions. Fitting Cox hazards models, the risk of developing all-cause dementia in individuals with and without UC was estimated. Further, we compared the risk of all-cause dementia among those with and without a colectomy.

Results

Among 4 821 488 individuals (52.6% females) followed for 84.1 million person-years between 1964 and 2018, the incidence rate of all-cause dementia was 63.90 (63.73–64.07) events per 10 000 person-years in individuals without UC, 94.80 (92.04–97.64) among those with UC, 95.01 (92.25–97.86) in those with UC but without colectomy and 63.42 (40.92–98.31) in those with UC and a colectomy. Adjusted Cox models showed an increased all-cause dementia risk in individuals with UC (HR 1.07, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.10). We found no differences between unexposed individuals and those with UC and a colectomy (HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.57 to 1.38).

Conclusion

The findings are consistent with previous evidence suggesting a slightly increased dementia risk among individuals with UC. This study provided no evidence of further risk increase of dementia among those who had a colectomy.

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