The objective of this study was to determine the incidence and predictors of intraoperative hypoxaemia and bradycardia in paediatric patients.

A single-arm prospective cohort study was conducted, and data collection was carried out from 15 February 2024 to 30 September 2024 at Wachemo University, Nigest Elleni Mohammed Memorial Comprehensive Specialised Hospital.

The study included all paediatric patients undergoing surgery who had American Society of Anaesthesiologists classes II and III.

Incidence and predictors of intraoperative hypoxaemia.

Incidence and predictors of intraoperative bradycardia.

The incidence of intraoperative hypoxaemia was 33.3%. Paediatric age (

This study has been conducted in a resource-limited setting and with methodological limitations such as short follow-up period, employing a single-arm cohort design, utilisation of sub-standardised intraoperative vital sign monitoring, proper intraoperative event documentation, over-reporting and under-reporting of the findings. This can cause overestimation of the incidence of hypoxaemia compared with studies conducted in a good resource set-up.

The incidence of intraoperative hypoxaemia and bradycardia, which is significantly associated with comorbidities, age (1 hour, is high in paediatric patients who undergo surgery with general anaesthesia.

Research registration unique identifying number (UIN) 10811 (https://www.researchregistry.com).

This study aims to assess the burden and predictors of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) among older age patients with diabetes attending comprehensive specialised hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia.

A multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted among older patients with diabetes using a systematic random sampling technique.

The study was conducted at five comprehensive specialised hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia from 8 May to 8 June 2023.

The study included 832 diabetic individuals aged 40 years and above.

Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire and physical examinations.

In this study, a total of 832 participants were involved, with a response rate of 96.85%. The burden of AMD was 15.4% (95% CI 13.0% to 18.0%). Male sex (adjusted OR (AOR) 2.04, 95% CI 1.17 to 3.56), older age (AOR 6.91, 95% CI 3.17 to 15.08), diabetes duration of 10 and more years (AOR 3.00, 95% CI 1.91 to 4.69), higher body mass index (AOR 2.56, 95% CI 1.15 to 5.71), presence of hypertension (AOR 2.45, 95% CI 1.56 to 3.85) and family history of diabetes mellitus (DM) (AOR 2.29, 95% CI 1.40 to 3.76) were positively associated with AMD.

This study found that the prevalence of AMD among patients with diabetes was 15.4%. Older age, male sex, longer DM duration, higher body mass index, presence of hypertension and family history of DM were significantly associated with AMD. Targeted screening of at-risk individuals for AMD, public health awareness campaigns focusing on these factors and further research to understand the burden and underlying mechanisms of these associations with AMD are recommended.