Conectar
by Hiroki Iwata, Takasumi Katoh, Sang Kien Truong, Tsunehisa Sato, Shingo Kawashima, Soichiro Mimuro, Yoshiki Nakajima
Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) causes systemic inflammation and endothelial glycocalyx damage. Hydrogen has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties; therefore, we hypothesized that hydrogen would alleviate endothelial glycocalyx damage caused by CPB. Twenty-eight male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 7 per group), as follows: sham, control, 2% hydrogen, and 4% hydrogen. The rats were subjected to 90 minutes of partial CPB followed by 120 minutes of observation. In the hydrogen groups, hydrogen was administered via the ventilator and artificial lung during CPB, and via the ventilator for 60 minutes after CPB. After observation, blood collection, lung extraction, and perfusion fixation were performed, and the heart, lung, and brain endothelial glycocalyx thickness was measured by electron microscopy. The serum syndecan-1 concentration, a glycocalyx component, in the 4% hydrogen group (5.7 ± 4.4 pg/mL) was lower than in the control (19.5 ± 6.6 pg/mL) and 2% hydrogen (19.8 ± 5.0 pg/mL) groups (P P = 0.999). The endothelial glycocalyces of the heart and lung in the 4% hydrogen group were thicker than in the control group. The 4% hydrogen group had lower inflammatory cytokine concentrations (interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α) in serum and lung tissue, as well as a lower serum malondialdehyde concentration, than the control group. The 2% hydrogen group showed no significant difference in the serum syndecan-1 concentration compared with the control group. However, non-significant decreases in serum and lung tissue inflammatory cytokine concentrations, as well as in serum malondialdehyde concentration, were observed. Administration of 4% hydrogen via artificial and autologous lungs attenuated endothelial glycocalyx damage caused by partial CPB in rats, which might be mediated by the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties of hydrogen.Listening and communication difficulties can limit people’s participation in activity and adversely affect their quality of life. Hearing, as well as listening and communication difficulties, can be measured either by using behavioural tests or self-report measures, and the outcomes are not always closely linked. The association between behaviourally measured and self-reported hearing is strong, whereas the association between behavioural and self-reported measures of listening and communication difficulties is much weaker, suggesting they assess different aspects of listening. While behavioural measures of listening and communication difficulties have been associated with poorer cognitive performance including executive functions, the same association has not always been shown for self-report measures. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to understand the relationship between executive function and self-reported listening and communication difficulties in adults with hearing loss, and where possible, potential covariates of age and pure-tone audiometric thresholds.
Studies will be eligible for inclusion if they report data from both a self-report measure of listening difficulties and a behavioural measure of executive function. Eight databases are to be searched: MEDLINE (via Ovid SP), EMBASE (via Ovid SP), PsycINFO (via Ovid SP), ASSIA (via ProQuest), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature or CINAHL (via EBSCO Host), Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science (Science and Social Science Citation Index). The JBI critical appraisal tool will be used to assess risk of bias for included studies. Results will be synthesised primarily using a meta-analysis, and where sufficient quantitative data are not available, a narrative synthesis will be carried out to describe key results.
No ethical issues are foreseen. Data will be disseminated via academic publication and conference presentations. Findings may also be published in scientific newsletters and magazines.
CRD42022293546.
Relato biográfico de Mónica, una enfermera que ha vivido en primera persona el inicio de la pandemia Covid-19 en el centro de trabajo donde está desarrollando su actividad laboral, después de casi 20 años de profesión, esta ha sido la situación sanitaria más difícil que ha vivido. Para construir el relato he realizado una entrevista semiestructurada, con preguntes abiertas centradas en los temas principales que ha vivido. La informante relata su historia describiendo los diferentes momentos iníciales de la pandemia, la complejidad del momento vivido, los miedos, sufrimientos y la profesionalidad con que afronto la situación. Este tipo de relato nos puede ser de utilidad para que otros y en especial a las personas de fuera del contexto sanitario sean conocedoras de la realidad enfermera, sus experiencias y de cómo se trabajó en los momentos iníciales y posteriores de una pandemia.
Todos pensábamos que era como una nueva gripe, sin más complicaciones ni problemas. Y así se lo hacíamos saber a los pacientes la semana antes de la instauración del estado de alarma. ¿Mentíamos? No. Eso era lo que a nosotros se nos transmitía en el hospital. Por eso lo banalizamos tanto. Usába-mos la misma mascarilla durante una semana (no había, o eso decían), con todos los pacientes y en todas las plantas. ¡Ah, sí! Mascarilla quirúrgica, claro. Moviéndonos por todo el hospital, incluida la UCI y la planta de Medicina Interna, donde estaban ingresados todos los pacientes COVID…pero que, repito, sólo era una gripe. La semana del 16 de marzo ya no podíamos trabajar con los pacientes de la calle. Sólo ingre-sados. Sin material, sin protección…20 minutos mínimo en contacto directo con el paciente y, en muchos casos, ¡realizando fisioterapia respiratoria! [Fragmento de texto].
Rev Enferm;39(5): 20-4, 2016 May. . [Artículo]
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