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Introducción. Los síntomas prostáticos abarcan alteraciones en el vaciado, llenado, posmicción y volumen urinario, su aparición está influida por factores de riesgo como la edad, la raza, la predisposición genética y los hábitos dietéticos. Objetivo. Analizar la severidad de los síntomas prostáticos con los factores epidemiológicos y clínicos de los residentes del del Hogar de Ancianos “San José de las Canoas”, del cantón Catamayo. Metodología. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, cuantitativo, no experimental, y corte transversal, con una muestra de 30 participantes. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó el cuestionario “International Prostate Symptom Score” (IPSS) destacándose por su alta confiabilidad y validez. El estudio contó con la aprobación de un Comité de Ética en Investigación en Seres Humanos y se llevó a cabo respetando los principios bioéticos establecidos. Resultados. 18 de los pacientes estudiados presentaban síntomas moderados. Se obtuvo una asociación estadística entre la severidad de los síntomas síntomas prostáticos y la edad (p= 0,007) y el grado de instrucción (p= 0,046). En cuanto a la presencia de comorbilidad (diabetes, hipertensión arterial/cardiopatía), se observó una relación significativa en la muestra (p= 0,043) en términos generales. Discusión. Los datos revelan que los síntomas prostáticos moderados se asocian con factores sociales y clínicos críticos, como el aislamiento, la falta de educación y enfermedades relacionadas con el estilo de vida, este panorama exige acciones integrales para mejorar la salud y calidad de vida de esta población vulnerable.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. Prostatic symptoms include alterations in voiding, filling, postvoiding and urinary volume, their appearance is influenced by risk factors such as age, race, genetic predisposition and dietary habits. Objective. To analyze the severity of prostatic symptoms with epidemiological and clinical factors in the residents of the “San José de las Canoas” Elderly Home in Catamayo. Methodology. A descriptive, quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample of 30 participants. The “International Prostate Symptom Score” (IPSS) questionnaire was used for data collection, standing out for its high reliability and validity. The study had the approval of a Human Research Ethics Committee and was carried out respecting the established bioethical principles. Results. 18 of the patients studied had moderate symptoms. Statistical association was obtained between severity of prostatic symptoms and age (p= 0,007) and education degree (p= 0,046). Regarding the presence of comorbidity (diabetes, arterial hypertension/cardiopathy), a significative association was observed in the sample (p= 0,043). Discussion. Data reveal that moderate prostatic symptoms are associated with critical social and clinical factors, such as isolation, lack of education and lifestyle-related diseases, this scenario calls for comprehensive actions to improve the health and quality of life of this vulnerable population.
To explore the views of healthcare practitioners in Britain regarding the role of midwives and nurses in the delivery of medical and surgical abortion.
An observational study of the Shaping Abortion for Change study healthcare practitioner survey (2021–2022).
Relationships between healthcare practitioner type, participant characteristics, knowledge of and attitudes towards abortion, and views about nurses' and midwives' role in abortion care were examined using Pearson's Chi-squared tests of association and multivariable logistic regression.
Amongst 763 participants including doctors, nurses, midwives and pharmacists, 71.6% supported specialist nurses in sexual and reproductive health and abortion clinics and hospitals, expanding their roles to include prescribing abortion medications and surgical abortion methods. Support was lower for midwives (35.8%) and primary care nurses (32.5%). There was considerable support for all nursing and midwifery groups to be involved in adjacent tasks of abortion care. Differences in support by healthcare practitioner type persisted after adjustment for exposure variables.
There is strong support for specialist nurses to expand their role in abortion care. This change could be implemented following clarification of the legal position. Some healthcare practitioner groups are more reluctant to support broader involvement of nurses and midwives in abortion provision.
Expanding specialist nurses' role in abortion care could increase service capacity and improve patient access and experience. Understanding and addressing the concerns of healthcare practitioners opposing this change is critical for successful implementation and patient safety.
This study addresses the potential for nurse and midwife role expansion in abortion care. The findings highlight broad support for specialist nurses whilst identifying barriers to wider role expansion. The research informs policy discussions on workforce optimisation and access to abortion services across Britain.
This study adheres to the STROBE guidelines for reporting observational studies.
In the SACHA study, patient and public involvement was included at all stages to inform study design, recruitment, data collection and analysis.
by Abebaw Misganaw, Alaye Debas Ayenew, Netsanet Temesgen Ayenew, Enyew Fenta Mengistu, Baye Ashenef, Samrawit Nega Shiferaw, Getamesay Demelash Simegn
BackgroundSurgery and anesthesia can disrupt normal physiological function through surgical stress and residual anesthetic effects, increasing the risk of post-anesthetic complications, known as critical incidents. This study aimed to determine the incidence of critical events in the post-anesthesia care unit at Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia.
MethodsAn institution-based prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from June 1, 2024, to September 30, 2024. The sample size was determined by a single proportion formula using a prevalence of 50% and a 5% margin of error at the 95% confidence interval. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 22 for windows. Analysis was conducted using bivariable and multivariable logistic regression as needed.
ResultOf the 422 patients, 160 (37.9%) experienced one or more critical events, with a total of 214 complications recorded. The most common critical events that occurred in the PACU were cardiovascular-related events (42%) and respiratory & airway related incidents (20%). BMI, duration of anesthesia, intraoperative complications, patient handover, PACU staff training, and ASA physical status were significantly associated with the occurrence of critical events. The odds of critical events were higher among underweight (AOR = 3.71; 95% CI: 1.27–10.79) and overweight patients (AOR = 3.05; 95% CI: 1.28–7.24). Anesthesia duration of 1–2 hours (AOR = 2.01; 95% CI: 1.06–3.81) and >2 hours (AOR = 4.11; 95% CI: 1.59–10.66) also increased the risk. Patients with intraoperative complications had higher odds of critical events (AOR = 3.52; 95% CI: 1.88–6.58), as did those without proper handover (AOR = 3.92; 95% CI: 2.11–7.25). Increasing ASA class was associated with higher risk ASA II (AOR = 2.59; 95% CI: 1.11–6.07), ASA III (AOR = 2.86; 95% CI: 1.20–6.86), and ASA IV (AOR = 11.75; 95% CI: 2.76–50.03). Additionally, patients cared for by PACU nurses without prior PACU training were more likely to develop complications (AOR = 3.15; 95% CI: 1.73–5.72).
ConclusionApproximately 38% of patients experienced ≥1 critical event, mainly cardiovascular and respiratory complications. Patients who had intraoperative complications, ASA 2 to ASA 4 status, under/overweight, and those who received anesthesia for a prolonged duration were relatively at higher risk of developing critical events. There was a long time to stay in the PACU for those patients who experienced critical events.
To translate and culturally adapt six self-report measures for depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and somatic symptom disorder into Hindi and determine their diagnostic accuracy against a diagnostic clinical interview.
Cross-sectional validation study.
Rural Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, northern India.
480 perinatal (pregnant or within 12 months postpartum) and non-perinatal (not currently pregnant and not given birth within 12 months) women at one tertiary hospital and district-level Anganwadi (community health) centres.
Symptom endorsement; and discriminant validity, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of the Kessler Scale of Psychological Distress (K10), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ9), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Generalised Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD7), Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale (PASS), PTSD Checklist (PCL-5) and Scale for the Assessment of Somatic Symptoms (SASS).
Complete data were available for 443 participants. Tiredness and body weakness were the most commonly endorsed symptoms among participants with common mental disorders. Among perinatal participants, the AUROC was highest for the GAD7 (0.88, 95% CI 0.79 to 0.96) and SASS (0.84, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.96). Among non-perinatal participants, the AUROC was highest for the SASS (0.92, 95% CI 0.88 to 0.97) and PHQ9 (0.91, 95% CI 0.86 to 0.96).
Measures which assess for fatigue, tiredness and somatic symptoms may help to identify women experiencing common mental disorders in this setting. Small numbers of participants with clinically diagnosed mental disorders in our sample mean results must be interpreted cautiously.
To evaluate the maximum number of patients per nurse before quality and safety outcomes deteriorate in medical-surgical settings.
A secondary analysis of cross-sectional survey data.
We analysed data from 609 direct care nurses working in British Columbia's medical-surgical areas. The relationship between nurse-to-patient ratios and quality and safety outcomes was analysed using both two-level and one-level regression models, including visualisations such as boxplots and scatterplots with LOESS curves. The analysis controlled for nurse demographics and hospital clustering effects.
Ratios ranged from 1:1 to 1:9, with outliers above 1:9 excluded. For desirable outcomes, last shift quality of care, unit safety grade, and recommending units to friends/family and to colleagues, the means were generally positive for ratios ranging from 1:2 or 1:3 to 1:4 but negative for ratios ranging from 1:5 to 1:8 or 1:9. This pattern was reversed for adverse outcomes, undone tasks and emotional exhaustion; the means were generally negative for ratios between 1:1 and 1:3 to 1:4 but became positive for ratios between 1:5 and 1:6 to 1:8. A turning point (crossing zero) was found between the ratios of 1:4 and 1:5 for all outcomes except patient adverse events, where the turning point was between the ratio of 1:3–1:4.
The findings provide preliminary evidence in support of minimum nurse-to-patient ratios of 1:4 in British Columbia's medical-surgical areas. Policy-makers and decision-makers should augment minimum nurse-to-patient ratios with other nurse-driven tools and nurse-management staffing methods that provide more flexibility to better meet fluctuating environmental, patient and staffing needs.
This study did not include patient or public involvement in its design, conduct, or reporting.
Minimum ratios should be complemented by nurse-driven tools and flexible staffing strategies to account for contextual and resource variability.
This secondary analysis of 2015 survey data from 609 medical-surgical nurses in British Columbia, Canada supported a minimum nurse-to-patient ratio of 1:4 using a series of quality and safety outcomes for patients and nurses. This finding provides important preliminary evidence in support of the specific minimum nurse-to-patient ratios of 1:4 as the province prepares to implement this ratio in medical-surgical settings. Existing staffing models using minimum nurse-to-patient ratios may be augmented by employing additional staffing tools and methodologies that provide more flexible resource allocation.
This study adheres to STROBE guidelines.
This paper responds to the recently published article on nurses' turnover intentions and their lived experiences of disempowerment, moral distress and organisational neglect. While the study illuminates important workplace realities, it overlooks the perspectives of nurses who have left not only their institutions but also their countries of origin. From the vantage point of Filipino nurses in the diaspora, the decision to migrate mirrors the dynamic, cumulative processes described in the article. Migration is seldom the result of one critical incident; rather, it arises from entrenched systemic issues—understaffing, lack of respect and persistent undervaluing of nursing contributions—that transcend borders. Diaspora nurses bring with them narratives of resilience, yet their departure reflects health system fragility in their home countries and exposes new challenges in host nations. This commentary highlights the urgent need for global cooperation, stronger leadership and policy innovations that recognise migration as part of the retention equation, not apart from it.
by Mohammad Z. Darabseh, Aseel Aburub, Ragad Alkaraki, Abdullah Saber Alshammari, Yazan Almansi, Ghaith Dalalah, Csaba Melczer, Pongrác Ács
To evaluate pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength in Mejwez players compared to predicted norms, and to assess the influence of smoking behaviours on these outcomes. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving adult Mejwez players. Spirometric parameters (forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV₁/FVC) and respiratory pressures (maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP)) were measured and compared to predicted values. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the impact of smoking behaviours on respiratory outcomes. Mejwez players demonstrated significantly higher FEV₁ (+0.38 L, pby Riham M. Hamadouk, Esra D. Albashair, Einass M. Alshareif, Ali Awadallah Saeed, Bashir A. Yousef
BackgroundToday, community pharmacists’ responsibilities have expanded beyond the traditional role to include the management of minor ailments. Acute uncomplicated cystitis is one of the most prevalent medical conditions seen in primary healthcare and can be managed by community pharmacists (CPs).
ObjectivesTo evaluate community pharmacists’ history-taking practice when responding to patients with acute uncomplicated cystitis.
MethodsA cross-sectional simulated patient study was conducted from November 2022 to January 2023 in Khartoum locality targeting only pharmacists. Six trained female students played the simulation in which they pretended to have the clinical symptoms of acute uncomplicated cystitis and requested treatment for their condition. The Interactions during the simulation were documented immediately in a data collection form after each visit. Descriptive statistics were used to report the study outcomes.
ResultsA total of 238 community pharmacies were visited. The majority of the pharmacists were female. The mean of the number of questions that were asked by the pharmacists was 1 (SD = 1.6) questions. Among the studied pharmacists, 45.4% asked at least one question during patient assessment. The most asked question was if the patient has a fever, representing 61 (25.6%) CPs, followed by if there is vaginal discharge, representing 38 (16%) CPs. In response to scenario 47 (19.7%) CPs decided to refer the patient to a physician, and 45 (18.9%) of the CPs advised the patient to increase water intake.
ConclusionsThe study has revealed a poor history-taking practice towards acute uncomplicated cystitis during patient assessment. Further studies exploring pharmacists’ involvement in patient assessment are required. Strategies to improve community pharmacists’ practice, like continuing pharmacy education and providing a national guideline regarding patient assessment should be considered seriously.
by Md. Masud Reza, Hasibul Hasan Shanto, Samira Dishti Irfan, A. K. M. Masud Rana, Mohammad Niaz Morshed Khan, Golam Sarwar, Mohammad Sha Al Imran, Mahbubur Rahman, Md. Safiullah Sarker, Muntasir Alam, Md. Abu Hena Chowdhury, Mustafizur Rahman, Sharful Islam Khan
BackgroundUnintended pregnancy among female sex workers (FSW) is a pressing reproductive health concern attributable to risky sexual behaviors, healthcare inequities and poor negotiation powers with male sex partners. However, evidence is scarce on the prevalence and determinants of unintended pregnancies among FSW, which is crucial for enhancing reproductive healthcare. This analysis aims to measure the prevalence of lifetime unintended pregnancies and their associated factors.
MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on 327 FSW in Jashore (a border belt district of Bangladesh) from September 2022 to March 2023. Participants were recruited through take-all sampling. Data were collected on the lifetime history of unintended pregnancies and other relevant variables through face-to-face interviews. Chi-square statistic was used to compare the characteristics of FSW reporting unintended pregnancies. To assess the net association of factors associated with unintended pregnancy, multiple logistic regression was applied.
ResultThe lifetime prevalence of unintended pregnancies was reported at 75.8% (95%CI: 71.0–80.1). Among those who reported unintended pregnancies, 37.1% (95%CI: 30.8–43.8) had no education, 39.9% (95%CI: 32.8–47.5) were 25–34 years old, 49.6% (95%CI: 39.3–59.9) were currently married and 62.9% (95%CI: 49.7–74.4) earned ≤10,000 BDT per month compared to those who did not report lifetime unintended pregnancies. The likelihood of unintended pregnancies was significantly higher among those who reported having sex with non-transactional male sex partners (AOR: 2.4, 95%CI: 1.1–5.3, p = 0.036) than those who never had sex with any non-transactional male sex partner. The likelihood was also higher among those who reported rape in their lifetime (AOR: 2.0, 95%CI: 1.0–3.8, p = 0.037) and who self-reported mental health problems (AOR: 2.1, 95%CI: 1.0–4.2, p = 0.045) within the past year, compared to their counterparts.
ConclusionThis study highlights the considerable prevalence and associated determinants of unintended pregnancies among FSW in Jashore. These determinants need to be considered to strengthen reproductive healthcare interventions and policies for FSW. Reproductive health of FSW cannot be improved unless these factors are addressed in the ongoing interventions.
Pressure injuries present significant challenges in clinical care, leading to severe complications such as infection, pain and delayed wound healing. They are a common chronic wound that contribute to increased morbidity, prolonged hospital stays and substantial healthcare costs. Despite national efforts to enhance chronic wound management, development of optimal treatment strategies remains a priority. The Pressure Injury Treatment Advisory (PITA) Quick Guide was developed to provide an evidence-based guide to support clinicians in pressure injury management. A survey was conducted to evaluate clinician perspectives on the usability and practicality of the Guide in acute care, residential aged care and community settings. A post-test survey was conducted on a convenience sample of healthcare professionals from three healthcare settings across metropolitan, regional and rural Australia. The survey included 5-point Likert-scale items assessing ease of use, effectiveness and integration with workflows. Three hundred and two responses were received (66.7% response rate). Clinicians expressed overwhelmingly positive perceptions, with over 95% agreeing or strongly agreeing on the guide's utility and effectiveness. No respondents strongly disagreed with any item. Residential aged care and rural clinicians rated the tool slightly higher than acute care and medical clinicians. The PITA Quick Guide was well-received across all settings, demonstrating strong potential to enhance evidence-based pressure injury management.
by Nilavro Das Kabya, MD Shaifullah Sharafat, Rahimul Islam Emu, Mehrab Karim Opee, Riasat Khan
Malabar spinach is a nutrient-dense leafy vegetable widely cultivated and consumed in Bangladesh. Its productivity is often compromised by Alternaria leaf spot and straw mite infestations. This work proposes an efficient and interpretable deep learning framework for automatic Malabar spinach leaf disease classification. A curated dataset of Malabar spinach images collected from Habiganj Agricultural University and supplemented with public samples was categorized into three classes: Alternaria, straw mite, and healthy leaves. A lightweight SpinachCNN established a strong baseline, while Spinach-ResSENet, enhanced with squeeze-and-excitation modules, improved channel-wise attention and feature discrimination. A customized Vision Transformer (SpinachViT) and SwinV2-Base were further investigated to assess the benefits of transformer-based architectures under limited data. To mitigate annotation scarcity, we employed SimSiam-based self-supervised pretraining on unlabeled images, followed by supervised fine-tuning with cross-entropy or a hybrid objective combining cross-entropy and supervised contrastive loss. The best-performing domain-optimized model, SimSiam-CBAM-ResNet-50, incorporated Convolutional Block Attention Modules and achieved 97.31% test accuracy, 0.9983 macro ROC-AUC, and low calibration error, while maintaining robustness to Gaussian and salt-and-pepper noise. Although a SwinV2-Base benchmark pretrained on ImageNet-22k reached slightly higher accuracy (97.98%, 98.99% with test-time augmentation), its 86.9M parameters and reliance on large-scale pretraining reduce feasibility for edge deployment. In contrast, the SimSiam-CBAM model offers a more parameter-efficient and deployment-friendly solution for real-world agricultural applications. Model decisions are interpretable via Grad-CAM, Grad-CAM++, and LayerCAM, which consistently highlight biologically relevant lesion regions. The spinach dataset used in this study is publicly available on: https://huggingface.co/datasets/saifullah03/malabar_spinach_leaf_disease_dataset.by Yeahyea Ahmed, Md Abdullah Saeed Khan, Laila Afroz, Mohammad Nurunnabi, Md Golam Abbas
BackgroundStreet adolescents often engage in early sexual activity, have multiple partners, and are at high risk of sexual abuse and exploitation. Despite the significance of this issue, there is a critical gap in understanding the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs, practices, and challenges of this marginalized population in Bangladesh, which this study aimed to explore.
MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted from August to December 2023, involving 311 street adolescents aged 16–19 years in Sylhet City Corporation, Bangladesh. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire. The questionnaire covered sociodemographic characteristics, pubertal changes, SRH status, and SRH-seeking behaviors.
ResultsOf all participants, 62.8% were males and 37.2% were females, with a mean age of approximately 17.3 years for both sexes. Sexual intercourse was reported by 32.56% of participants, with a significant gender disparity (76.79% females vs. 6.35% males, p Conclusion
Street adolescents in Sylhet City face severe SRH challenges, including high rates of sexual abuse, low contraceptive use, and limited STD knowledge, with significant gender disparities, which should be addressed through appropriate and urgent interventions.
by Tahere Seyedhoseinpoor, Ramin Jafari, Zohreh Shafizadegan, Maryam Abbaszadeh-Amirdehi
PurposeThe objective of this study was to systematically review the effectiveness of thoracic-focused interventions, including breathing exercises and thoracic manual techniques (mobilization, high-velocity low-amplitude manipulation, and release techniques), on pain and disability in patients with low back pain (LBP).
MethodsPubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences, ProQuest, Ovid, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials (CENTRAL), and Google Scholar were searched without language restrictions. Clinical trials with control groups on pain and disability in low back pain patients focusing on the efficacy of breathing exercises or thoracic technique were included. In total, 31 studies contributed to the meta-analysis for pain and 24 for disability.
ResultsPooled analyses using Morris’ dppc demonstrated a statistically significant, small effect for pain reduction (dppc = −0.35, 95% CI = −0.46 to −0.23) and a large effect for disability improvement (dppc = −0.71, 95% CI = −0.86 to −0.57) when compared with control groups. Thoracic manual techniques showed larger effects on both pain and disability compare to breathing exercises. However, substantial statistical heterogeneity (I² > 85%) persisted in most analyses.
ConclusionBreathing and thoracic manual techniques may be effective in reducing disability and, to a lesser extent, pain in patients with LBP, but the overall certainty of evidence is low. However, the quality of the evidence is low. Variability in treatment protocols, study quality, blinding, and outcome measures likely contributed to inconsistencies. Further high-quality trials with standardized protocols are needed to confirm these findings and inform clinical practice.
by Vinay Jagdish Sukhija, Elisa Mancinelli, Rachele Del Guerra, Silvia Salcuni
Non-suicidal self-injury e-Communities are increasingly gaining popularity, and people who self-harm are turning to these groups to share their experiences and feelings. They are doing so through a unique set of specific slang words related to the behaviour of self-harm that seems to be pertinent to these e-communities. In this regard, this study aims to explore slang words and differences in their usage across communities. A sample of 410 posts and respective comments were extracted from two self-harm e-communities on Reddit based on predetermined slang keywords through Python Reddit API Wrapper. A content analysis was performed, indicating that slang words prevailed across 8 different domains; the 3 most prevalent were sense of belonging, medical care, and sarcasm and self-deprecation. Inter-rater reliability of the analysis found strong agreement across the 3 individual coders. Chi-square analyses were then performed to evaluate differences in the frequency of domains and subdomains between the two self-harm e-communities. Significant differences were observed across subdomains (X2 = 244.9, p = 0.001) but not across the domains. Finally, sentiment analysis was conducted, and Mann-Whitney U-tests across the two communities found that one of the two is significantly more negative in sentiment value (U = 23808, p = 0.019) while, consequently, the other had a significantly larger overall compound sentiment score (U = 17429, p = 0.003). Overall, lived experience findings from the textual descriptions of users indicate the pervasiveness of slang words across these communities and the further need to investigate their nuanced and varied usage. Building on the person-centred framework in NSSI research, a case is made for the development of more targeted and tailored interventions, such as e-health mobile and application-based interventions, that consider the unique contributions of NSSI e-Communities in the life and context of a person who engages in self-harm.by Nurin Yasmin Mohd Khairudin, Awla Mohd Azraai, Rosfaiizah Siran, Nasibah Azme
Genistein is an isoflavone phytoestrogen that is considered a nutraceutical compound found in soybean. The mimicking of estrogen effects includes the ability to bind to the intracellular and cell membrane receptors of estrogen and exert biological functions like antitumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and antiproliferative properties. With more studies focusing on the therapeutic effect of genistein, both in vitro and in vivo, it is evident that genistein acts through multiple pathways including anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative. As the effects of stroke are affecting more people and causing devastating repercussions, this warrants genistein to be utilized as a therapeutic drug. Therefore, further studies are due on the effects of genistein on humans so that clinical trials can be carried out for long-term benefits. This review encompasses various studies regarding the potential neuroprotective effects of genistein on cerebral stroke, examining both in vitro and in vivo experimental models. Four database searches: Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, PUBMED and Science Direct were searched from 1st January 1999 until 31st October 2025. The initial datasets identified through the database search yielded a total of 549 publications and 341 publications were finalized after removing duplicates. In the initial screening, a total of 293 studies were excluded due to their irrelevance to the main objective of this study. After assessing the suitability of the studies and following the PRISMA guidelines, a total of 31 articles were found to be suitable and systematically reviewed. Findings demonstrated the major mechanistic pathways involved in the therapeutic action of genistein are anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative. Each of these mechanisms is governed by specific pathways, which will be thoroughly discussed, indicating that genistein can be effective as a therapeutic drug in ischemic stroke.by Thea Lynne Hedemann, Yun Lu, Sofia Campitelli, Lisa D. Hawke, Nelson Shen, Sarah Saperia, Brett D. M. Jones, Gillian Strudwick, Chelsey R. Wilks, Wei Wang, Marco Solmi, Michael Grossman, Muhammad Ishrat Husain, Nicole Kozloff, George Foussias, Muhammad Omair Husain
BackgroundYouth at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis often experience emotional dysregulation, psychiatric symptoms, substance use, suicidality, and functional impairment. Dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) is an evidence-based intervention that improves emotion regulation, clinical outcomes, and functioning across psychiatric populations. Digital adaptations (d-DBT) may enhance accessibility and engagement for CHR youth, but acceptability and potential benefits in this group are unknown.
ObjectiveTo adapt d-DBT for CHR youth and evaluate the acceptability of delivering it to this population, as well as the feasibility of a larger-scale clinical trial.
MethodsThis mixed-methods clinical trial has two phases. In Phase 1, d-DBT will be adapted for CHR youth in collaboration with a lived-experience youth advisory group. In Phase 2, an assessor-masked randomized controlled trial will compare d-DBT (n = 30) with treatment as usual (n = 30). The intervention consists of eight weekly modules, with primary outcomes assessing acceptability, usability, and trial feasibility. Secondary outcomes include changes in emotional dysregulation, psychiatric symptoms, substance use, suicidality, and functioning.
ConclusionsWe anticipate that d-DBT will be acceptable to CHR youth and that conducting a larger trial will be feasible. Preliminary findings may demonstrate improvements in emotion regulation, psychiatric symptoms, suicidality, and functioning. Results will guide further refinement of the intervention and inform the design of a confirmatory clinical trial.
Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov #NCT06928935
FreshRSS 