This study aimed to assess the coutilisation of oral rehydration solution (ORS) and zinc for treating diarrhoea and its associated factors among under-5 children in East Africa.

Cross-sectional study design. Multilevel Poisson regression analysis with robust variance was fitted to identify predictors of zinc and ORS coutilisation. An adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) with a 95% CI was reported to declare the statistical significance.

Twelve East African countries.

16 850 under-5 children who had diarrhoea were included in the study.

In East African nations, the coutilisation of ORS and zinc for the treatment of diarrhoea in children under 5 was 53.27% with a 95% CI (52.54% to 54.01%). Children of mothers with primary education (aPR 1.15, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.20), secondary education (aPR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.14), higer education (aPR 1.19, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.29), those from maternal age category of 20–24 (aPR 1.14, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.21), age category of 25–29 (aPR 1.13, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.21), age category of 30–34 (aPR 1.09, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.16), those from wealthy households (aPR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.09) and those who have a media exposure (aPR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.08) were more likely to receive combination.

Only half of the under-5 children with diarrhoea in East Africa were treated with a combination of ORS and zinc. To increase the use of the suggested combination therapy of ORS with zinc, it is important to empower women through education and prevent teen pregnancy.

Globally, malnutrition among women of reproductive age is on the rise and significantly contributing to non-communicable disease, deaths and disability. Even though the double burden of malnutrition (DBM) is a common problem among women in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), there are limited studies examining the factors contributing to underweight, overweight, and obesity at the SSA level.

To determine the factors associated with the DBM, and their relative magnitude, among women of reproductive age in SSA.

Cross-sectional study design.

33 SSA countries.

240 414 women of reproductive age.

A multilevel multinomial logistic regression model was applied to identify factors associated with malnutrition. The adjusted relative risk ratio with 95% CI was used to declare the statistical significance of the association.

The pooled prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity among women in SSA were 8.87%, 16.47% and 6.10%, respectively. Women who are from rural residence and smoke cigarettes were more likely to be underweight. Conversely, women between the age of 24–34 and 35–49, who have higher education, belong to a middle and rich household, are ever married, have high parity, use contraceptives, have media exposure and smoke cigarettes were more likely to be overweight and/or obese.

The findings of our study suggest that certain factors such as residence, education status, wealth, marital status, occupation, cigarette smoking, and contraceptive use have a significant assocation with malnutrition among women. Therefore, it is important for public health programs aimed at preventing the double burden of malnutrition to focus on these factors through comprehensive public awareness and cost-effective operational health interventions.

To assess the Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Traumatic Brain Injury in Patients Admitted to the Surgical Ward of Jimma Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia from January to July 2022.

A hospital-based prospective observational study was conducted among 175 patients admitted with Traumatic Brain Injury at Jimma Medical Center from January to July 2022. Data were collected by structured questionnaires and a convenient sampling technique was used. For data entry, Epidata V.4.6.0.5 software was used and exported to Stata V.14.0.2 for analysis. The Cox regression model was fitted to evaluate the predictors of mortality and variables with a p value

The incidence of in-hospital mortality was 22 (12.6%). The mean length of hospital stay was 6 days. In-hospital complications were recorded in 32.0% of patients. A Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of

In-hospital mortality was recorded in over one-tenth of patients with traumatic brain injury. The GCS score of

Respiratory distress syndrome is a catastrophic respiratory problem among low birth weight neonates. It increases the suffering of neonates and the economic expenditure of the countries. Notably, it is a major public health issue in low-income and middle-income countries such as Ethiopia. Despite this, studies regarding respiratory distress syndrome among low birth weight neonates were limited in Ethiopia.

To assess the incidence and predictors of respiratory distress syndrome among low birth weight neonates in the first 7 days in Northwest Ethiopia Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals.

Multicentred institution-based retrospective follow-up study was conducted from 19 September 2021 to 1 January 2023, among 423 low birthweight neonates. A simple random sampling technique was used. The data were collected using a data extraction checklist from the medical registry of neonates. The collected data were entered into EPI-DATA V.4.6.0.6. and analysed using STATA V.14. The Kaplan-Meier failure curve and log-rank test were employed. Bivariable and multivariable Weibull regression was carried out to identify predictors of respiratory distress syndrome. Statistical significance was declared at a p≤0.05.

The incidence rate of respiratory distress syndrome was found to be 10.78 (95% CI 9.35 to 12.42) per 100 neonate days. Fifth minute Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, Respiration (APGAR score)

The incidence of respiratory distress syndrome was higher than other studies conducted on other groups of neonates. Multiple pregnancy, fifth minute APGAR score, caesarean section, prematurity, extremely low birth weight and very low birth weight were predictors of respiratory distress syndrome. However, it needs further prospective study. Therefore, the concerned stakeholders should give due attention and appropriate intervention for these predictors.