Successful Aging and Happiness Level in the Elderly: The Mediating Role of General Self‐Efficacy

ABSTRACT

Aim

This study aims to determine the relationship between successful aging and happiness levels in the elderly and to explore the mediating role of general self-efficacy in this relationship.

Design

This is a quantitative research study designed using a correlational research model between March and May 2022.

Methods

The Mini-Mental State Examination, the Descriptive Information Form, the Successful Aging Scale, the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire Short Form and the General Self-Efficacy Scale were filled out by 144 elderly individuals living in a nursing home.

Results

It was determined that the participants had high levels of successful aging behaviours/attitudes and good levels of happiness. It was determined that general self-efficacy had a ‘partial mediating role’ in the relationship between successful aging and happiness.

Conclusion

Due to the ‘partial mediating role’ of general self-efficacy related to happiness and successful aging, increasing self-efficacy may positively impact happiness and successful aging.

Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care

Healthcare professionals should prioritise practices and training that support the self-efficacy of the elderly for their successful ageing and happiness. Within this scope, interventions can be made to increase the elderly's participation in self-care, active engagement and intrinsic motivation.

Impact

This study determined whether general self-efficacy has an effect on successful aging and happiness in the elderly. It was determined that general self-efficacy has a ‘partial mediating role’ in the relationship between successful aging and happiness. The general self-efficacy of elderly individuals is an important issue to focus on. Successful aging includes functional ability, independence and quality of life aimed at maintaining health and well-being in old age. Self-efficacy, which is thought to have an effect on successful aging, is an important determinant in initiating and maintaining behaviours that improve the health of the elderly.

Reporting Method

This study was reported adhering to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist.

Patient or Public Contribution

The elderly individuals residing in a nursing home were included in the study. All participants were selected from a single nursing home. This nursing home accommodates both outpatient and bedridden elderly individuals. One section is reserved for individuals diagnosed with dementia.