Despite the increasing availability of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT), women’s experiences and motivations remain largely unknown. The use of NIPT is increasing in Italy; however, its organisation and access paths vary considerably. Women may undergo testing in either public or private facilities, where differences in pretest information, testing procedures and result communication may influence their experience. This study aims to investigate the attitudes, awareness and experiences of Italian women undergoing NIPT.

A cross-sectional anonymous online survey was conducted via social media in the period March–August 2023.

This nationwide study was conducted in Italy.

Women over 18 years old who had undergone NIPT were included.

Responders were 4154 women from every part of Italy. Most participants perceived the information provided during pre-NIPT counselling as extremely/very clear (68.2%) and helpful (72.5%), with higher proportions observed when counselling was delivered by geneticists. The mean knowledge score was 12.3 (range: 0–15) and was statistically higher for women with higher education level and prior NIPT experience. Half of the women reported no change in their perceived risk of having a child with chromosomal abnormalities after pre-NIPT counselling, and risk perception reduction was associated with lower knowledge scores. Pretest negative emotions were common (54.9%) and influenced by testing context, information sources and reasons for testing. Most women reported a positive impact from results (92.7%), shaped by information delivery made and prior knowledge. Regret was rare (3.0%) and linked to reasons and perceived risk changes. Overall, satisfaction was high (97.3%), particularly among those prioritising informed decision-making.

Improving personalised counselling and education throughout the NIPT journey seems crucial to minimise negative emotional impacts, highlighting the need for well-trained healthcare professionals.