Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can affect individuals’ resilience to stressors and their vulnerability to mental, physical and social harms. This study explored associations between ACEs, financial coping during the cost-of-living crisis and perceived impacts on health and well-being.

National cross-sectional face-to-face survey. Recruitment used a random quota sample of households stratified by health region and deprivation quintile.

Households in Wales, UK.

1880 Welsh residents aged ≥18 years.

Outcome variables were perceived inability to cope financially during the cost-of-living crisis; rising costs of living causing substantial distress and anxiety; and self-reported negative impact of rising costs of living on mental health, physical health, family relationships, local levels of antisocial behaviour and violence, and community support. Nine ACEs were measured retrospectively. Socioeconomic and demographic variables included low household income, economic inactivity, residential deprivation and activity limitation.

The prevalence of all outcomes increased strongly with ACE count. Perceived inability to cope financially during the cost-of-living crisis increased from 14.0% with 0 ACEs to 51.5% with 4+ ACEs. Relationships with ACEs remained after controlling for socioeconomic and demographic factors. Those with 4+ ACEs (vs 0 ACEs) were over three times more likely to perceive they would be unable to cope financially and, correspondingly, almost three times more likely to report substantial distress and anxiety and over three times more likely to report negative impacts on mental health, physical health and family relationships.

Socioeconomically deprived populations are recognised to be disproportionately impacted by rising costs of living. Our study identifies a history of ACEs as an additional vulnerability that can affect all socioeconomic groups. Definitions of vulnerability during crises and communications with services on who is most likely to be impacted should consider childhood adversity and history of trauma.

To establish a consensus on the structure and process of healthcare services for patients with concussion in England to facilitate better healthcare quality and patient outcome.

This consensus study followed the modified Delphi methodology with five phases: participant identification, item development, two rounds of voting and a meeting to finalise the consensus statements. The predefined threshold for agreement was set at ≥70%.

Specialist outpatient services.

Members of the UK Head Injury Network were invited to participate. The network consists of clinical specialists in head injury practising in emergency medicine, neurology, neuropsychology, neurosurgery, paediatric medicine, rehabilitation medicine and sports and exercise medicine in England.

A consensus statement on the structure and process of specialist outpatient care for patients with concussion in England.

55 items were voted on in the first round. 29 items were removed following the first voting round and 3 items were removed following the second voting round. Items were modified where appropriate. A final 18 statements reached consensus covering 3 main topics in specialist healthcare services for concussion; care pathway to structured follow-up, prognosis and measures of recovery, and provision of outpatient clinics.

This work presents statements on how the healthcare services for patients with concussion in England could be redesigned to meet their health needs. Future work will seek to implement these into the clinical pathway.

Nutritional ultrasound (US) is an emerging technique in clinical nutrition for the morphological and structural study of muscle mass. Currently, all definitions of malnutrition include the measurement of muscle mass; however, there is no single way to assess it. It is necessary to develop new techniques to identify muscle involvement in malnutrition that are valid, standardised, reliable, accurate and profitable.

To value the new muscle US techniques aimed to measure muscle and functional status, to make a more accurate diagnosis and a better prediction of complications and morbidity and mortality in patients at nutritional risk. Primary outcome: to assess the feasibility of US or muscle US techniques in both nutritional diagnosis and follow-up in a nutritional intervention programme.

Disease-Related caloric-protein malnutrition EChOgraphy (DRECO) is a prospective, multicentre (25 Spanish hospitals), uncontrolled clinical study in standard clinical practice to value the usefulness of nutritional US (muscle US) in the nutritional diagnosis and follow-up, over 3–6 months, after standard nutritional clinical practice intervention and physical activity, to control their disease-related malnutrition. 1000 patients are expected to be included in.

This study will standardise nutritional US measures. It will validate and define specific cut-off values for nutritional US and correlate it with already well-known nutritional tools such as Subjective Global Assessment or Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria. Thus, muscle US will become not only a tool to diagnose malnutrition, but it will also be integrated in the daily practice to evaluate nutritional interventions.

All DRECO study materials have been approved by each of the IRB/IEC of all the sites enrolled (either approval of the own IRB/IEC or validating the approval of the IRB/IEC of another hospital). The study has been registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, on 27 June 2022. The results from this study will be presented at scientific conferences and in peer-reviewed scientific journals.

NCT05433831.