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Introducción. La transición del hospital al domicilio en pacientes oncológicos es un momento crítico que puede generar ansiedad y depresión debido a la autogestión de cuidados. Objetivo. evaluar el impacto emocional de los pacientes oncológicos al recibir el alta de enfermería. Metodología. Estudio observacional descriptivo. Se utilizará el cuestionario HADS para medir los niveles de ansiedad y depresión en una muestra de pacientes hospitalizados próximos a recibir el alta. Los resultados permitirán diseñar estrategias de apoyo emocional y educación sanitaria para mejorar la adherencia terapéutica y la calidad de vida post hospitalaria.
ABSTRACT
Introduction. The transition from hospital to home for oncology patients is a critical moment that may generate anxiety and depression due to self-management of care. Objective. To assess the emotional impact of oncology patients upon receiving nursing discharge. Methodology. Descriptive observational study The HADS questionnaire will be used to measure anxiety and depression levels in a sample of hospitalized patients close to discharge. The results will guide the development of emotional support strategies and health education to improve post-hospital therapeutic adherence and quality of life.
Inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) are a broad range of diseases associated with abnormalities/degeneration of retinal cells. We aimed to identify the top 10 Australian research priorities for IRDs to ultimately facilitate more meaningful and potentially cost-effective research.
We conducted a James Lind Alliance priority setting partnership that involved two Australian-wide surveys and online workshops.
Australia-wide.
Individuals aged 16 years or older were eligible to participate if they had an IRD, were caregivers of an individual with an IRD or were health professionals providing care to this community.
In Survey 1, we gathered participants’ unanswered questions about IRDs. We grouped these into summary questions and undertook a literature review to verify if they were truly unanswered (ie, evidence uncertainties). In Survey 2, participants voted for the uncertainties that they considered a priority. Top-ranked uncertainties progressed for discussion and final prioritisation in two workshops.
In Survey 1, we collected 223 questions from 69 participants. We grouped these into 42 summary questions and confirmed 41 as evidence uncertainties. In Survey 2, 151 participants voted, with the 16 uncertainties progressing to final prioritisation. The top 10 priorities, set by the 24 workshop participants, represented (1) treatment/cure; (2) symptoms and disease progression; (3) psychosocial well-being and (4) health service delivery. The #1 priority was for treatment to prevent, slow down or stop vision loss, followed by the #2 priority to address the psychological impact of having an IRD.
The top 10 research priorities highlight the need for IRD research that takes a whole-person, systems approach. Collaborations to progress priorities will accelerate the translation of research into real-world benefits.
This study aims to analyse the barriers and facilitators towards an implementation of active breaks (ABs) intervention inside the workplace.
This study used a mixed-methods approach, incorporating virtual focus groups and an online questionnaire, conducted among the workers of Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna (Italy). A total of 30 participants (N=30), including administrative and academic staff, PhD candidates, specialised trainees and research fellows, were involved in the study. Key themes and subthemes related to the barriers and facilitators of ABs interventions at the university were identified and categorised according to the three levels of the socio-ecological model.
The most commonly reported barriers are: lack of time, lack of motivation (intrapersonal level); lack of influence, lack of awareness (social level); physical space, organisational support (environmental level). The most commonly reported facilitators are: access to information, flexible work hours (intrapersonal level); group support, awareness programmes (social level); adequate spaces, organisational structure (environmental level). A significant majority (81.48%) recognised the problem of sedentary time at work, with strong interest (92.59%) in workplace interventions to reduce it. Flexibility in timing for ABs (44.44%) was preferred over fixed schedules, with preference for dedicated areas (37.04%) and outdoor spaces (29.63%). The majority (62.96%) preferred taking ABs in small groups open to all, with a qualified kinesiologist (40.74%) leading the management.
This study identified barriers and facilitators to an ABs intervention from the perspective of administrative staff, residents and researchers. These findings could help institutions foster an environment that promotes physical activity, reduces sedentary behaviour and promotes the well-being and safety of workers through an integrated and individual-centred approach.
Carers of people with non-memory-led dementias such as posterior cortical atrophy (PCA), primary progressive aphasia (PPA) and behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) face unique challenges. Yet, little evidence-based support and guidance are available for this population. To address this gap in services, we have developed a novel, web-based educational programme: the Better Living with Non-memory-led Dementia programme (BELIDE). BELIDE was co-designed with people with lived experience of non-memory-led dementia and a previous pilot study confirmed its feasibility as an online intervention. This protocol outlines the randomised controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of BELIDE.
This is a parallel-group, single-blind, RCT of 238 unpaid caregivers of people diagnosed with PCA, PPA or bvFTD recruited internationally among members of the UK-based organisation Rare Dementia Support. The intervention (BELIDE programme) consists of six structured online educational modules tailored to each phenotype, a virtual onboarding session, real-life practice tasks and up to two follow-up facilitation sessions. The group receiving the intervention will be given access to the programme, while the control group will receive treatment as usual and be placed on a wait-list to receive access to the programme once they complete their participation in the trial. The allocation ratio will be 1:1 stratified by dementia diagnosis and gender. The primary outcome is reduction in caregiver depressive symptoms. Secondary outcomes include stress, anxiety, self-efficacy, quality of life and caregiver-patient relationship quality. Data will be collected online via Qualtrics surveys at baseline, 8 weeks and 6 months post-randomisation. A mixed-method process evaluation with a subgroup of intervention participants will explore barriers and facilitators for engagement. A health economics evaluation will also be conducted to assess cost-effectiveness. If effective, this programme could improve access to caregiver support for non-memory-led dementias by providing scalable, tailored education.
Ethical approval has been granted by University College London Research Ethics Committee (8545/007). The results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications, conferences, stakeholder events and open-access resources.
This trial has been registered prospectively on the Clinical Trials registry, first posted on 5 February 2024 under registration number NCT06241287.
To determine the application rate of the preventive measures, alternate air anti-decubitus mattress and postural changes in patients who develop hospital-acquired pressure injury (HAPI) on the basis of their preventive or reactive temporality.
This is an ambispective observational study that included adult patients without pressure injuries admitted to Mancha Centro Hospital (Spain) who developed at least one HAPI during hospitalisation (August 2022 to March 2023).
The main variables were the implementation of preventive measures and the time of their application. Other variables were comorbidities, sociodemographic and clinical variables, Braden and Barthel scale, variables related to the application of preventive measures and information to characterise HAPI.
180 patients who developed 276 HAPI during their admission were included; 73.9% of the patients received a risk assessment upon admission, and 53.9% were re-evaluated. At some point during admission, an anti-decubitus mattress was placed in 73.3% of the patients, and 76.1% received postural changes.
Among the patients at risk at the time of HAPI onset, 49.4% had received anti-decubitus mattress preventively, 23.9% had received it reactively, and 26.7% did not receive it. Among the patients without contraindication for postural changes, 51.4% received them before the lesions appeared, 33.6% received them after the lesions appeared, and 13.6% did not receive them.
We detected a significant association between the preventive application of anti-decubitus mattress and postural changes with the Braden reassessment; admission to the intensive care unit; mechanical ventilation, vasopressors, nasogastric tube; mental state confused; hospital isolation; low Barthel and Braden scores; impaired mobility; inability to perform postural changes; diaper; urinary/faecal incontinence; and sedatives.
Only approximately half of the patients received preventive measures. Although patients with a more unfavourable clinical profile were more likely to receive these measures, increased awareness and training among healthcare professionals are necessary to ensure broader and more consistent implementation of preventive strategies.
This study explores the real-world use of preventive measures in hospitalized patients who develop HAPI. In half of the patients, these measures were applied reactively, highlighting the need to introduce strategies that facilitate the implementation of evidence-based practices.
This study was reported following the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist for cross-sectional studies.
In the present study, data from patients have been obtained, but the patients or caregivers have not contributed to the development of the manuscript.
To determine the proportion of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander Peoples with diabetes who were monitored according to recommended national guidelines and had their clinical parameters within recommended targets. We also examined trends over time (2013–2022) and compared urban and rural areas.
A repeated cross-sectional study using data from a national general practice database (MedicineInsight, 2013–2022).
De-identified electronic health records (EHR) of people attending 427 mainstream general practices across Australia.
This study included all Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander adults (18+ years) diagnosed with diabetes mellitus who were regular patients (attended at least once a year in three consecutive years) within the MedicineInsight database.
Outcomes measured were (i) monitoring of blood glucose, lipids, blood pressure (BP), renal function and Body Mass Index (BMI)/waist circumference (WC) and (ii) achieving recommended targets: glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) ≤7.0%, fasting glucose 4–7 mmol/L, random glucose 5–10 mmol/L, total cholesterol ≤4.0 mmol/L, low-density lipoprotein 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, urine albumin-creatinine ratio (uACR) 2, WC
Between 70% and 90% of individuals were monitored for the clinical parameters above, except for BMI/WC (55%–75%). Trends in monitoring over time were similar across remoteness areas, increasing slightly in 2013–2014 and declining from 2019. Among those monitored, 53%–86% achieved targets for blood glucose, lipids and renal function; 32%–42% for BP; and
The risk of diabetes complications among Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander Peoples could be reduced by improving management of blood pressure and overweight/obesity in all areas, and blood glucose and lipids in rural areas.
Introducción: La motivación cumple un rol fundamental sobre todo en el desempeño laboral del profesional de Enfermería. Esta motivación representa un factor protector tanto para el profesional de Enfermería como también al paciente que se encuentra a su cuidado. Se objetivó analizar la relación existente entre factores motivacionales y desempeño laboral del profesional de Enfermería quienes ejercen funciones en dos hospitales del departamento Central 2023. Metodología. Estudio observacional descriptivo transversal realizado en dos centros asistenciales de referencia nacional, de alta complejidad de la República del Paraguay, muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. El instrumento, un cuestionario pre-elaborado y validado. Resultados. Respeto al desempeño laboral, predominó el nivel alto. En referencia a las dimensiones del desempeño laboral, ha predominado mayoritariamente el nivel alto, no registrándose ningún participante en el nivel bajo. Al relacionar los factores motivacionales con el desempeño laboral, se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa, con lo que se acepta la hipótesis de investigación que indica que existe asociación entre factores motivacionales y el desempeño laboral de profesionales de enfermería. Discusión. Al relacionar los factores motivacionales con el desempeño laboral, se observó una asociación estadísticamente significativa. Esto se respalda en un estudio realizado en Perú, cuyos resultados sugieren que el desempeño laboral de los profesionales de enfermería estaría influenciado por la dependencia de factores motivacionales extrínsecos. Conclusión: Se recomienda fortalecer programas de reconocimiento y mejora de condiciones laborales para estimular la motivación extrínseca, como implementar oportunidades de desarrollo profesional y participación en la toma de decisiones.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Motivation plays a fundamental role, especially in the work performance of nursing professionals. This motivation represents a protective factor for both the nursing professional and the patient under their care. The objective was to analyze the existing relationship between motivational factors and work performance of nursing professionals who work in two hospitals in the Central department 2023. Methodology. A cross-sectional, descriptive, observational study carried out in two national reference, highly complex healthcare centers in the Republic of Paraguay, using a non-probabilistic convenience sampling. The instrument was a pre-prepared and validated questionnaire. Results. Regarding work performance, a high level predominated. Regarding the dimensions of work performance, the high level predominated, with no participants registered at the low level. When relating motivational factors with work performance, a statistically significant association was found, thereby accepting the research hypothesis that indicates an association between motivational factors and the work performance of nursing professionals. Discussion. When relating motivational factors to job performance, a statistically significant association was observed. This is supported by a study conducted in Peru, whose results suggest that nursing professionals' job performance may be influenced by their dependence on extrinsic motivational factors. Conclusion. Strengthen recognition programs and improve working conditions is recommended to stimulate extrinsic motivation, such as implementing opportunities for professional development and participation in decision-making.
María González describe las características de Tiempos Baldíos: la trilogía narrativa de José Siles
Resumen. Objetivo. Explorar los atributos espirituales en el proceso de convertirse en madre por primera vez a los cuatro meses postparto. Método. Estudio cualitativo, con análisis de contenido que se llevó a cabo con 64 madres primerizas, a los 4 meses postparto. Se analizaron 128 escritos siguiendo las fases descritas por Bardin: preanálisis, aprovechamiento del material y tratamiento de resultados, inferencia e interpretación. Resultados. En este estudio emergieron dos grandes categorías temáticas, la primera: esperanza transformadora y la segunda esperanza trascendental. Conclusión. Las madres primerizas mostraron que el significado que el bebé otorga a sus vidas les permite ir más allá de sí mismas, realizarse como madres, mujeres y mejores seres humanos para proyectar un futuro, proveyendo todo lo que el bebé necesita; por lo tanto, es la esperanza transformadora y trascendental, el atributo espiritual que experimenta la mujer al convertirse en madre.
Introducción: en el mundo contemporáneo donde cada vez se dan más oleadas de migraciones de un país a otro, se hace más necesaria una enfermería competente culturalmente. La mujer en su embarazo, en su maternidad y en la lactancia materna necesita ser apoyada con sensibilidad cultural por parte del profesional sanitario. Objetivo: revisar y reflexionar sobre la importancia y justificación que tiene la competencia cultural para enfermería en lactancia materna a través de estudios de metodología cualitativa. Material y método: se plantea una revisión narrativa en castellano e inglés en los recursos bibliográficos Pubmed, Scopus, Dialnet y Scielo teniendo en cuenta el objetivo de la revisión y los objetivos de inclusión. Los trabajos han de ser de metodología cualitativa y tener como temática de estudio la maternidad y/o la lactancia materna teniendo en cuenta la competencia cultural. Resultados: finalmente son seleccionados 6 artículos por cumplir los criterios de inclusión. En síntesis, en todos los estudios seleccionados se muestra la justificación e importancia que tiene la competencia cultural en todo lo concerniente a la maternidad y a la lactancia materna a nivel internacional entre grupos de mujeres diversamente culturales. Conclusiones y reflexiones finales: continúan existiendo márgenes de mejora en cuanto a la formación enfermera en competencia cultural en el cuidado de la mujer en el embarazo, en el puerperio y en lo que respecta a la lactancia materna internacionalmente.
Introducción: La identidad e imagen de las enfermeras son conceptos interrelacionados que reflejan el sentido de uno mismo y las percepciones sociales sobre la profesión. Ambos son esenciales para el desarrollo de una práctica confiada y respetada. Objetivo: Develar el marco conceptual asociado a la imagen e identidad profesional de enfermería desde la perspectiva de enfermeras jubiladas. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio cualitativo basado en el paradigma constructivista y Teoría Fundamentada según Morse, que explora la identidad e imagen profesional de enfermería en Chile mediante entrevistas y grupos focales con enfermeras jubiladas. Para el análisis de los datos, se siguió la metodología propuesta por Charmaz. Sobre el rigor ético del estudio, se contó con la evaluación y aprobación de un Comité de Ética Científica independiente. Resultados: Participaron de este estudio 20 enfermeras jubiladas con una edad promedio de 74 años. Se establecieron 4 categorías que construyen la imagen social de las enfermeras y 3 categorías que construyen su identidad profesional. Discusión: Este estudio explora la imagen e identidad profesional de las enfermeras jubiladas, destacando cómo la pandemia mejoró la percepción pública de la profesión, de acuerdo con estudios internacionales. Han disminuido estereotipos como la feminización de la enfermería y su subordinación a la medicina, ampliamente descritos en la literatura. Las participantes se ven como líderes naturales, pero señalan deshumanización debido al agotamiento, tareas administrativas y los avances tecnológicos. Conclusiones: Resaltar una imagen auténtica y una identidad profesional coherente de la profesión fortalece su valor, estatus y reconocimiento social, lo que, a su vez, impacta positivamente en la calidad de los cuidados prestados a los pacientes.
Objetivo: describir las vivencias del “YO PURO” en mujeres privadas de libertad con antecedentes de consumo de drogas. Metodología: estudio cualitativo descriptivo de enfoque fenomenológico, utilizando un análisis de contenido temático e inductivo. La selección de participantes se realizó mediante un muestreo no probabilístico e intencional, incluyendo a seis mujeres privadas de su libertad. Para la recolección de datos, se aplicó una entrevista en profundidad basada en una pregunta detonadora. El análisis se llevó a cabo siguiendo los planteamientos propuestos por Edmund Husserl. Resultados: emergieron siete temas con sus unidades de significado. Experiencia en prisión, experiencia vivida del consumo de sustancias, dependencia y necesidad, reflexión y cuestionamiento del “YO PURO”, Sentimientos de culpa y pérdida, resignificación del presente a través de “YO PURO” y Anhelo de reconstrucción familiar. Conclusión: Este estudio exploró las vivencias de mujeres en reclusión, destacando los factores que influyen en su realidad diaria. Desde el enfoque fenomenológico de Edmund Husserl, se evidenció que la prisión no solo implica sufrimiento, sino que también propicia reflexión y transformación personal.
La metodología fenomenológica aplicada a la poesía, en la obra y pensamiento de José María Álvarez, se manifiesta como una búsqueda de la vivencia estética y existencial a través del arte. Álvarez concibe la poesía como una experiencia ideal que trasciende la imperfección de la existencia cotidiana, coincidiendo con la fenomenología en su interés por la vivencia subjetiva. Para el poeta cartagenero, la poesía es un espacio de revelación donde el yo se encuentra con el mundo, permitiendo una autocomprensión profunda y una reflexión sobre los propios sentimientos. Siguiendo la estela de pensadores como Heidegger, Álvarez entiende la poesía como un medio para cuidar y regular las emociones, facilitando la trascendencia y el sentido vital en un mundo marcado por la alienación y la fragmentación del pensamiento. Su obra, especialmente en “Museo de cera”, integra experiencias personales y culturales, mostrando cómo el arte puede ser un antídoto frente a la mediocridad y la rutina. Así, la metodología fenomenológica, al centrarse en la descripción y análisis de la experiencia poética, encuentra en Álvarez un ejemplo de cómo la poesía puede ser vivida y comprendida como una forma de resistencia, autoconstrucción y búsqueda de belleza y libertad.
To determine the prevalence of MARSI associated with peripherally inserted central venous catheters (PICCs) in oncology and haematology patients, analyse the type of injury and identify risk factors.
A prospective descriptive study was conducted from 9 June 2021 to 8 February 2022. The study population was oncology and haematology patients with a PICC. The variables to be studied included the presence of MARSI in relation to PICC maintenance, injury type, time to onset, mean healing time, and type of treatment received. A descriptive analysis of the entire sample was performed. Chi-square and Student's t-test or Mann–Whitney U-tests were used to identify risk factors, depending on the nature of the variables.
The sample studied was 342 PICCs inserted in 309 patients, 49% (n = 169) women, and the mean overall age was 62.12 years (SD: 12.33). Seventy-six per cent were oncology and 24% haematology patients. The prevalence of MARSI was 32% (n = 111). The most common type of injury was erythema in 39% (n = 42). The mean duration of the lesion was 20.90 days (SD: 31.44). Alkylating agents, among others, were identified as a risk factor.
The results indicate a high prevalence of MARSI. In agreement with the literature, mechanical injuries are the most frequent, and some antineoplastic treatments are a risk factor. This study may help to identify areas for improvement and design strategies for the prevention and treatment of MARSI.
This study has implications for clinical practice, as it helps to identify areas for improvement and the most relevant clinical practice guideline recommendations to avoid this adverse event.
No patient or public contribution.
To explore the experience of primary healthcare (PHC) professionals in their professional role during the pandemic and to describe collective coping strategies.
We conducted a qualitative study using interviews, focus groups and photovoice techniques from February to September 2021. The qualitative data were transcribed, aggregated and analysed, from a hermeneutic perspective, using applied thematic analysis and ethnographic approaches.
Primary Care Health Madrid region (Spain).
Convenience sampling was used to select 71 multidisciplinary primary care professionals who were working in 12 PHCs representing diverse socioeconomic, social vulnerability and COVID impact levels in the Madrid region (Spain).
Findings from this study show how lack of protection in the early days, uncertainty about how the disease would evolve and the daily challenges they faced have had an impact on the participants’ perceptions of their professional role. Nuanced differences in impact were found between men and women, age groups, professional roles and territories. The questioning of the basic foundations of primary care and the lack of prospects led to a feeling of demotivation. They perceive a wide gap between their levels of involvement and commitment, the recognition they receive and the attention to resources they need to do their work to a high standard. The support of their colleagues was seen as the most valuable resource for coping with the crisis.
The practitioners’ discourses offer knowledge that could help to face new global health threats; they also identify an urgent need to restore the role and motivation of PHC professionals as part of a wider regeneration of health systems.
Misinformation about cardiovascular health has the potential to negatively impact public health outcomes. Understanding the nature and spread of such misinformation is crucial for developing effective interventions to mitigate this potential risk. However, despite the critical importance of this issue, there is a gap in comprehensive reviews mapping the existing literature on cardiovascular health misinformation. This scoping review aims to map the existing literature on cardiovascular health misinformation, identifying its spread, prevalence, impact and strategies for correction across diverse populations and settings.
This review will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines for conducting a scoping review. A comprehensive search will be conducted across multiple databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS and Web of Science, along with grey literature sources. The last date of search was January 2025. The review will include studies without date that involve individuals affected by cardiovascular disease (CVD) misinformation, examine the spread, prevalence, impact or correction of misinformation related to cardiovascular health, and capture various cultural, geographic or setting-specific factors. The exclusion criteria include studies that do not directly address misinformation related to CVD. All identified records will be imported into Covidence systematic review software. Two reviewers will independently screen titles and abstracts, followed by full-text reviews of potentially relevant studies. Discrepancies will be resolved through discussion or by consulting a third reviewer. Data extraction will be conducted by two reviewers using a pre-piloted tool, and a descriptive presentation of the findings will be done. Both inductive and deductive content analysis methods will be employed for objectives related to the impact and strategies to combat misinformation.
Given that the study involves synthesising data from existing published literature, ethical approval is not required. The findings will be disseminated through international conference presentations, published in a peer-reviewed journal and shared with public health organisations and policymakers.
Histopathological evaluation of prostate biopsies using the Gleason scoring system is critical for prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment selection. However, grading variability among pathologists can lead to inconsistent assessments, risking inappropriate treatment. Similar challenges complicate the assessment of other prognostic features like cribriform cancer morphology and perineural invasion. Many pathology departments are also facing an increasingly unsustainable workload due to rising prostate cancer incidence and a decreasing pathologist workforce coinciding with increasing requirements for more complex assessments and reporting. Digital pathology and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for analysing whole slide images show promise in improving the accuracy and efficiency of histopathological assessments. Studies have demonstrated AI’s capability to diagnose and grade prostate cancer comparably to expert pathologists. However, external validations on diverse data sets have been limited and often show reduced performance. Historically, there have been no well-established guidelines for AI study designs and validation methods. Diagnostic assessments of AI systems often lack preregistered protocols and rigorous external cohort sampling, essential for reliable evidence of their safety and accuracy.
This study protocol covers the retrospective validation of an AI system for prostate biopsy assessment. The primary objective of the study is to develop a high-performing and robust AI model for diagnosis and Gleason scoring of prostate cancer in core needle biopsies, and at scale evaluate whether it can generalise to fully external data from independent patients, pathology laboratories and digitalisation platforms. The secondary objectives cover AI performance in estimating cancer extent and detecting cribriform prostate cancer and perineural invasion. This protocol outlines the steps for data collection, predefined partitioning of data cohorts for AI model training and validation, model development and predetermined statistical analyses, ensuring systematic development and comprehensive validation of the system. The protocol adheres to Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model of Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis+AI (TRIPOD+AI), Protocol Items for External Cohort Evaluation of a Deep Learning System in Cancer Diagnostics (PIECES), Checklist for AI in Medical Imaging (CLAIM) and other relevant best practices.
Data collection and usage were approved by the respective ethical review boards of each participating clinical laboratory, and centralised anonymised data handling was approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority. The study will be conducted in agreement with the Helsinki Declaration. The findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed publications (open access).
The way communication is conducted directly influences the professional–patient relationship, how patients cope with their diagnosis, and their sense of hope throughout treatment. This study aims to map the literature on strategies that healthcare professionals can use to promote hope in communication with pediatric patients and their families in the context of chronic illness. Based on this objective, the study highlights an algorithm to assist healthcare professionals in instilling hope in this population through communication.
Scoping review.
This systematized review was conducted using the databases PubMed, LILACS, PsycInfo, Embase, CINAHL, and Scopus, employing the PCC framework and the Boolean operators AND and OR. The time frame was limited to the last 20 years (2004–2024). A total of 734 studies were identified across the databases, with an additional four retrieved through manual citation searches, resulting in 19 articles included in the final sample.
The findings highlight three key pillars for promoting hope in communication: (1) careful preparation for information delivery, which involves identifying the diverse needs of families and creating a physically comfortable and emotionally supportive environment; (2) providing information and emphasizing how it is presented—considering content, clarity, honesty, empathy, and adaptation to the recipient's specific needs; and (3) follow-up after information delivery, ensuring emotional support and active, skilled listening.
Interpersonal communication between the healthcare professional, the patient, and the family was mainly focused on the transmission of information about the disease and treatment in a clear and empathetic manner, considering who is receiving the information and how the information is interpreted.
This review provides guidance for healthcare professionals in implementing communication strategies that foster hope in the context of pediatric chronic illness. Additionally, this guide may serve as a model for training students and healthcare professionals. Further research is needed to implement and explore additional effective communication strategies for this population across diverse cultural settings.
Advanced simulation is a methodology that allows the development of technical skills and transversal skills such as teamwork and leadership. There are tools to measure the development of technical competencies and student satisfaction with the methodology, but not to measure the development and use of transversal competencies in the clinical practice setting.
To develop and validate a scale to measure the impact of clinical simulation on the development and application of teamwork and leadership competencies.
A multicentre study was carried out in two Spanish universities in which the Clinical Simulation Learning Teamwork and Leadership Scale was developed and validated.
The study was carried out in several phases: development of the questionnaire using a Delphi method, pilot test and validation of the construct with a sample of 207 nursing students. Reporting of this research adheres to STROBE guidelines.
Content validity was checked according to Aiken's V for the three attributes of the questionnaire. Reliability or internal consistency was assessed with Cronbach's α and the sensitivity analysis showed no significant variation when any item was eliminated. On the other hand, McDonald's Omega statistic was used. Intraobserver reliability was taken from a sample of 47 students, in which it was observed that the intraclass correlation was positive.
The Clinical Simulation Learning teamwork and leadership scale is a valid instrument for measuring the development of transversal competencies.
This scale will provide information to evaluate the weight of the clinical simulation in the students' knowledge.
It is a tool for evaluating transversal skills that is proven valid and will improve the training of students.
The instructions of the STROBE checklist have been followed.
The students have participated in the knowledge transfer self-assessment.
FreshRSS 