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Artificial intelligence (AI)-based clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) are currently being developed to aid prescribing in primary care. There is a lack of research on how these systems will be perceived and used by healthcare professionals and subsequently on how to optimise the implementation process of AI-based CDSSs (AICDSSs).
To explore healthcare professionals’ perspectives on the use of an AICDSS for prescribing in co-existing multiple long-term conditions (MLTC), and the relevance to shared decision making (SDM).
Qualitative study using template analysis of semistructured interviews, based on a case vignette and a mock-up of an AICDSS.
Healthcare professionals prescribing for patients working in the English National Health Service (NHS) primary care in the West Midlands region.
A purposive sample of general practitioners/resident doctors (10), nurse prescribers (3) and prescribing pharmacists (2) working in the English NHS primary care.
The proposed tool generated interest among the participants. Findings included the perception of the tool as user friendly and as a valuable complement to existing clinical guidelines, particularly in a patient population with multiple long-term conditions and polypharmacy, where existing guidelines may be inadequate. Concerns were raised about integration into existing clinical documentation systems, medicolegal aspects, how to interpret findings that were inconsistent with clinical guidelines, and the impact on patient-prescriber relationships. Views differed on whether the tool would aid SDM.
AICDSSs such as the OPTIMAL tool hold potential for optimising pharmaceutical treatment in patients with MLTC. However, specific issues related to the tool need to be addressed and careful implementation into the existing clinical practice is necessary to realise the potential benefits.
by Carol Kotliar, Lisandro Olmos, Martín Koretzky, Ricardo Jauregui, Tomás Delía, Oscar Cingolani
ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of the Mental Training Tech 24.5 (MTT24.5) cognitive stimulation program, designed to enhance cognitive performance and neuroplasticity in healthy adults.
BackgroundCognitive decline is a significant concern in aging populations, with research suggesting that neuroplasticity and cognitive reserve can be enhanced through targeted cognitive training. The MTT24.5 program aims to stimulate brain function through a combination of new knowledge acquisition (DATA) and learning techniques (TECHS), organized into a systematic algorithm. This approach may offer a novel way to prevent or mitigate age-related cognitive decline.
DesignPilot clinical study, active-controlled, open randomization.
SettingAdults from the general population with no clinical cognitive deterioration, recruited from three sites within the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires and its metropolitan area.
Participants120 volunteers were enrolled, of which 76 participants (56 in the intervention group, 20 in the control group) met the study requirements and selected a site closest to their residence.
MethodsThe MTT24.5 program consists of 12 weekly in-person sessions (totaling 24.5 hours), during which participants learned 40 knowledge units (DATA) and 100 learning techniques (TECHS). These were organized into binomials, where each unit of DATA was paired with 3–4 TECHS. Pre- and post-intervention assessments included medical history, lifestyle factors, cognitive reserve scale, Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R), and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).
ResultsThe mean age was 59 years for both groups. Baseline ACE-R scores were comparable (91.3). The global cognitive score increased by 4.6 points (5%) in the intervention group compared to a decrease of 0.5 points in the control group (p Conclusions
The MTT24.5 program, based on a systematic algorithm for acquiring new knowledge and skills, significantly enhances cognitive reserve and overall cognitive performance, particularly in individuals with lower baseline cognitive scores. These findings suggest that structured cognitive stimulation could play a critical role in preventing cognitive decline and promoting cognitive health in healthy adults. Given the promising results, future studies involving larger populations and long-term follow-up are essential to validate these effects and explore the potential for mitigating age-related cognitive decline and enhancing quality of life.
RegistrationThe study was registered in accordance with local regulations at the National Council for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET) – Institute of Biomedical Research (BIOMED), and also in the National Ethics Committee, and at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT06549517).
The necessity of enhancing resuscitation training has been encouraged by The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation and the American Heart Association to reduce mortality, disability and healthcare costs. Resuscitation training is a complicated approach that encompasses various components and their mixture. It is essential to identify the most effective of these components and their combinations, to measure the corresponding effect size and to understand which participant groups may enjoy the greatest advantage.
We will systematically search 12 databases and two clinical trial registries for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that examine different resuscitation training methods from inception to April 2025. The analysis will be carried out using the standard network meta-analysis and component network meta-analysis models. Resuscitation skills of staff will be the primary outcome of this analysis. Paired reviewers will independently screen and extract data. A consensus will be sought with the principal investigators to resolve any disagreements that cannot be achieved through regular meetings. Each intervention in each RCT will be decomposed according to its constituent components, such as delivery method, interactivity, teamwork, digitalisation and type of simulator. The analysis will be conducted using the frequentist and bayesian approach in the R environment. RoB V.2.0 and Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis will, respectively, be used to assess the risk of bias and the certainty of the evidence.
As we will use only aggregated secondary data without individual identities, ethical approval is not required. Results of this review will be shared through a peer-reviewed publication and presentation of papers at any relevant conferences.
CRD42024532878
This study aimed to establish a comprehensive set of nursing-sensitive quality indicators (NSQIs) for patients with dysphagia following tracheotomy due to acquired brain injury (ABI), based on the ‘structure-process-outcome’ model.
A Delphi survey.
The research utilised a mixed-methods approach, including systematic literature reviews, qualitative interviews and two rounds of Delphi expert consultations. A diverse team comprising specialists in dysphagia rehabilitation and nursing management conducted the research, which involved defining and refining NSQIs through extensive evaluations and consensus among recruited experts.
The finalised NSQI includes 4 structural indicators, 13 process indicators and 4 outcome indicators, covering key aspects such as resource allocation, patient assessment and clinical outcomes. The expert consensus provides verification. Kendall's harmony coefficients are 0.304 and 0.138 (p < 0.001), respectively, and the mean importance assignments of indicators at all levels are 3.90–5.00. The final care of patients with tracheotomy and dysphagia after brain injury was constructed. The evaluation indicators include a total of 4 first-level indicators, 23 second-level indicators and 52 third-level indicators.
The established NSQIs offer a systematic framework to enhance the quality of nursing care for ABI patients with posttracheotomy dysphagia. This model facilitates precise monitoring and proactive management of nursing practices, promising better patient outcomes and streamlined care processes.
This study develops targeted NSQIs to improve dysphagia management in ABI patients’ posttracheotomy, fostering better patient outcomes and advancing nursing education through essential specialised training.
Expert-driven insights from experienced clinicians informed the NSQIs, ensuring their relevance and effectiveness in enhancing patient-centred care.
Objetivo principal: describir el efecto de una dosis de ejercicio cardiovascular sobre los afectos del adolescente con sobrepeso y obesidad (SOB). Metodología: ensayo clínico controlado, paralelo y simple ciego. Población: Adolescentes de 15-19 años, Grupo Experimental (GE=10) y Grupo Control (GC= 8). La intervención de ejercicio para el GE fue 5 veces por semana, 20-40 minutos, durante 8 semanas; mientras que para el GC fue menor dosis. Resultados principales: al comparar test vs. re-test, los afectos en general no tuvieron diferencia significativa (p>.05). Al analizar los afectos de manera específica, se observó diferencia significativa (p<.05) en motivado (test=3.10±.73 vs. re-test=3.90±1.44), activo (test=3.10±.56 vs. re-test=3.70±.82), entusiasmado (test=2.90±.87 vs. re-test=3.50±1.17) y estimulado (test=3±1.05 vs. re-test=3.80±1.03). Conclusión principal: la dosis propuesta de ejercicio en adolescentes con SOB, no representó cambios de manera general sobre los afectos, únicamente refleja significancia estadística en algunos de ellos por separado en el GE.
FreshRSS 