Assessment of functional disability and associated factors among people with severe mental illness attending care at public hospitals in Harar town, Eastern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Objective

This study aimed to assess functional disability and associated factors among people with severe mental illness attending public hospitals in Harar town, Eastern Ethiopia.

Setting

An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted in public hospitals found in Harar town, Eastern Ethiopia, from 1 April to 10 May 2023.

Participants

A total of 342 patients with severe mental illness attending public hospitals in Harar town, Eastern Ethiopia, were included.

Outcome measure

The main outcome of this study was functional disability, which was measured using a 12-item version of the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule.

Results

In this study, the mean (±) score of functional disability among patients with severe mental illness was 31.8 (±9.6) (95% CI: 30.7 to 32.8). The multiple linear regression model revealed that unemployment (β: 1.93; 95% CI: 0.28 to 3.59), total illness duration (5–10 years and above 10 years) (β: 3.71; 95% CI: 1.95 to 5.48 and β: 4.51; 95% CI: 2.41 to 6.62, respectively), age at illness onset (β: –0.37; 95% CI: –0.45 to –0.28), having drug side effects (β: 3.05; 95% CI: 1.46 to 4.63), medication non-adherence (β: 6.15; 95% CI: 4.56 to 7.73) and having high perceived stigma (β: 2.27; 95% CI: 0.72 to 3.82) were significantly associated with functional disability.

Conclusion

Patients with severe mental illness had a high mean functional disability score. Unemployment, age at onset of mental illness, total duration of illness, medication side effects, medication non-adherence and higher perceived stigma were factors that were associated with functional disability. Given the mean functional disability score observed among respondents, a multipronged intervention strategy that prioritises early detection and management of severe mental illness, particularly targeting individuals at risk, is recommended to mitigate disability and enhance quality of life.

Growth monitoring and promotion service utilization and its associated factors among children less than two years in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

by Mulat Belay Simegn, Werkneh Melkie Tilahun, Elyas Melaku Mazengia, Aysheshim Belaineh Haimanot, Anteneh Lamesgen Mneneh, Muluye Gebrie Mengie, Bekalu Endalew, Molla Yigzaw Birhanu, Tigabu Kidie Tesfie, Lakew Asmare, Habtamu Geremew

Introduction

Growth monitoring and promotion services are strategies to promote child health and reduce child mortality. Even though Ethiopia is attempting different strategies to cope with the low rate of GMP utilization, the problem is still unresolved.

Objective

Determine the pooled proportion of GMP utilization and its contributing factors among children less than two years in Ethiopia.

Method

The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42023472746. The PRISMA-2020 statement guided the conduct of this review. Electronic databases and grey literature were used. Heterogeneity was evaluated using I². Subgroup analysis was conducted. The random effect model was used to summarize the pooled effect sizes with their respective 95% CI with STATA version 17. To test the small study effect, the funnel plot and Egger’s test were applied.

Result

A total of seven (7) studies with 4027 participants were considered in this meta-analysis. The pooled proportion of GMP utilization reported by seven studies was 25.71% (95%CI: 24.39, 27.04). ANC follow-up (AOR = 2.11; 95% CI: 1.47, 2.76), PNC follow-up (AOR = 1.96; 95% CI: 1.44, 2.49), counseling (AOR = 2.88; 95% CI: 2.09, 3.68), maternal education (AOR = 2.89; 95% CI: 1.66, 4.13), paternal education (AOR = 3.78; 95% CI: 2.25, 5.32), family health card (AOR = 2.31; 95% CI: 1.67, 2.96), and mothers good knowledge towards GMP (AOR = 2.90; 95% CI: 1.72, 4.07) variables were positively associated with GMP service utilization.

Conclusion and recommendation

The pooled proportion of GMP remains low in Ethiopia. ANC and PNC follow-up, counseling, maternal and paternal education, family health cards, maternal knowledge towards GMP were significantly associated. Findings are essential for evidence-based policy making, intervention, and input for ongoing research.