Conectar
by Lilien Schewski, Mathew Magimai Doss, Guido Beldi, Sandra Keller
Speech analysis offers a non-invasive method for assessing emotional and cognitive states through acoustic correlates, including spectral, prosodic, and voice quality features. Despite growing interest, research remains inconsistent in identifying reliable acoustic markers, providing limited guidance for researchers and practitioners in the field. This review identifies key acoustic correlates for detecting negative emotions, stress, and cognitive load in speech. A systematic search was conducted across four electronic databases: PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science, and Scopus. Peer-reviewed articles reporting studies conducted with healthy adult participants were included. Thirty-eight articles were reviewed, encompassing 39 studies, as one article reported on two studies. Among all features, prosodic features were the most investigated and showed the greatest accuracy in detecting negative emotions, stress, and cognitive load. Specifically, anger was associated with elevated fundamental frequency (F0), increased speech volume, and faster speech rate. Stress was associated with increased F0 and intensity, and reduced speech duration. Cognitive load was linked to increased F0 and intensity, although the results for F0 were overall less clear than those for negative emotions and stress. No consistent acoustic patterns were identified for fear or anxiety. The findings support speech analysis as a useful tool for researchers and practitioners aiming to assess negative emotions, stress, and cognitive load in experimental and field studies.by Tamara Taggart, Allison Mathews, Toni Junious, Joseph A. Lindsey, Andrea Augustine, Charles Debnam, Yavonne Boyd, Seraiya Wright, Joseph D. Tucker, Manya Magnus
HIV incidence among young people (Black and Latinx women and men who have sex with men ages 16–24 years), in the United States is high. Traditional top-down approaches for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) social marketing are not effectively reaching this population. Crowdsourcing is a promising approach to engaging young people in the development of innovative solutions to raise awareness and use of PrEP among those at highest risk of HIV. This study engaged young people in the design and evaluation of an online crowdsourcing contest to promote PrEP among Washington, DC youth. The contest used standard methods recommended by the World Health Organization and feedback from our community partners. Online recruitment using social media elicited online votes and survey responses. We analyzed cross-sectional surveys using descriptive statistics, and semi-structured interviews with contest participants using thematic coding to explore barriers and facilitators to contest engagement. Approximately 82% of entries were from young people in DC. A convenience sample of 181 people voted on their favorite crowdsourced PrEP messages and shared their awareness and attitudes about PrEP. The contest website received 2,500 unique visitors and 4,600 page views. Themes from semi-structured interviews (n = 16) included the need for more community engagement in developing PrEP messaging and positive attitudes towards crowdsourcing. Survey data (n = 887) showed that the crowdsourced messages were well-liked and resonated with the community. Most preferred to see PrEP messages in social media (23%), email (17%) and videos (14%). Approximately 70% of survey participants reported that after viewing the crowdsourced message they would talk to their sexual partner or medical provider (63%) about PrEP, use PrEP (58%), and learn more about PrEP (56%). Crowdsourced messages solicit substantial online viewership. More implementation research is needed to understand the public health impact of integrating social media, crowdsourcing, and community engagement to develop PrEP promotional messages.
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