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☐ ☆ ✇ BMJ Open

PREgnancy Care Integrating translational Science, Everywhere (PRECISE): a prospective cohort study of African pregnant and non-pregnant women to investigate placental disorders - cohort profile

Por: Craik · R. · Akuze · J. · Volvert · M.-L. · Blencowe · H. · Mukhanya · M. · Makanga · P. T. · Tchavana · C. · Moore · S. E. · Vala · A. · Koech · A. · Tribe · R. M. · Noble · A. · Bah · B. · DAlessandro · U. · Vidler · M. · Tu · D. · Maculuve · S. · Wanje · O. · Idris · Y. · Mwashigadi · G. — Mayo 11th 2025 at 12:12
Purpose

The PREgnancy Care Integrating translational Science, Everywhere Network was established to investigate specific placental disorders (pregnancy hypertension, preterm birth, fetal growth restriction and stillbirth) in sub-Saharan Africa. We created a repository of clinical and social data with associated biological samples from pregnant and non-pregnant women. Alongside this, local infrastructure and expertise in the field of maternal and child health research were enhanced.

Participants

Pregnant women were recruited in participating health facilities in The Gambia, Kenya and Mozambique at their first antenatal visit or at the time a placental disorder was diagnosed (Kenya and The Gambia only). Follow-up study visits were conducted in the third trimester, delivery and 6 weeks to 6 months postpartum. To elucidate the difference between pregnancy and non-pregnancy biology in these settings, non-pregnant nulliparous and parous women, aged 16–49 years, were recruited opportunistically primarily from family planning clinics in Kenya and Mozambique, and randomly through the Health and Demographic Surveillance System in The Gambia. Non-pregnant participants only had one study visit. Biological samples were processed rapidly and locally, stored initially in liquid nitrogen and then at –80°C, and details entered into an OpenSpecimen database linked to their social determinants and clinical research data.

Findings to date

A total of 6932 pregnant and 1825 non-pregnant women were recruited to the study, providing a repository of clinical and social data and a biorepository of 482 448 samples. To date, baseline descriptive analysis of the cohort has been undertaken, as well as a substudy on the prevalence of COVID-19 in the cohort.

Future plans

Analysis of data and samples will include an analysis of biomarker and social and physical determinants of health and how these interact in a systemic approach to understanding the origins of common placental disorders. The data from non-pregnant women will provide control data for comparison with the data from normal and complicated pregnancies. Findings will be disseminated to local stakeholders and communities through meetings and ongoing community engagement and globally by publication and presentations at scientific meetings.

☐ ☆ ✇ Journal of Clinical Nursing

Isolated and Combined Effects of Sedentary Behaviour and Physical Activity on Muscle Strength in Older Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study

ABSTRACT

Aim

We aim the isolated and combined effects of sedentary behaviour exposure time and physical activity levels on muscle strength in older adults.

Design

This prospective observational cohort study, analytical in nature, using exploratory survey methods and physical performance testing. With 5-year longitudinal follow-up (2015–2020).

Methods

A total of 459 older adults participated in the baseline, with a total of 224 being included/located again in the follow-up. We evaluate muscle strength using handgrip tests and sit-to-stand tests. The international physical activity questionnaire was used to measure physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Generalised Estimation Equations tested both independent and combined effects, reporting results as β coefficients and confidence intervals.

Results

Older adults exhibiting low sedentary behaviour displayed enhanced handgrip strength compared to those with high sedentary behaviour. Notably, older adults who were sufficiently active with low sedentary behaviour, sufficiently active with high sedentary behaviour, and insufficiently active with low sedentary behaviour showed increased handgrip strength compared to their counterparts who were insufficiently active with high sedentary behaviour. This trend was consistent for lower limb strength.

Conclusion

Interventions that encourage a reduction in sedentary behaviour and an increase in physical activity are essential to maintain muscle strength among older adults.

Implications for Practice

The findings of this study underscore the importance of addressing both sedentary behaviour and physical activity levels in clinical interventions aimed at preserving muscle strength in older adults. Routine assessments of physical activity and sedentary behaviour could help tailor personalised exercise programs, potentially enhancing functional independence and reducing the risk of frailty and disability in older patients.

Patient or Public Contribution

Patients were involved in the sample of the study.

Reporting Method

This study was conducted in accordance with the Strengthening Research in Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines.

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