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☐ ☆ ✇ PLOS ONE Medicine&Health

Deep learning-based correction of cataract-induced influence on macular pigment optical density measurement by autofluorescence spectroscopy

Por: Akira Obana · Kibo Ote · Yuko Gohto · Hidenao Yamada · Fumio Hashimoto · Shigetoshi Okazaki · Ryo Asaoka — Febrero 13th 2024 at 15:00

by Akira Obana, Kibo Ote, Yuko Gohto, Hidenao Yamada, Fumio Hashimoto, Shigetoshi Okazaki, Ryo Asaoka

Purpose

Measurements of macular pigment optical density (MPOD) using the autofluorescence spectroscopy yield underestimations of actual values in eyes with cataracts. Previously, we proposed a correction method for this error using deep learning (DL); however, the correction performance was validated through internal cross-validation. This cross-sectional study aimed to validate this approach using an external validation dataset.

Methods

MPODs at 0.25°, 0.5°, 1°, and 2° eccentricities and macular pigment optical volume (MPOV) within 9° eccentricity were measured using SPECTRALIS (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) in 197 (training dataset inherited from our previous study) and 157 eyes (validating dataset) before and after cataract surgery. A DL model was trained to predict the corrected value from the pre-operative value using the training dataset, and we measured the discrepancy between the corrected value and the actual postoperative value. Subsequently, the prediction performance was validated using a validation dataset.

Results

Using the validation dataset, the mean absolute values of errors for MPOD and MPOV corrected using DL ranged from 8.2 to 12.4%, which were lower than values with no correction (P Conclusion

The usefulness of the DL correction method was validated. Deep learning reduced the error for a relatively good autofluorescence image quality. Poor-quality images were not corrected.

☐ ☆ ✇ BMJ Open

Acoustic stimulation for relieving pain during venipuncture: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Por: Yamada · Y. · Kitamura · M. · Inayama · E. · Kishida · M. · Kataoka · Y. · Ikenoue · T. — Diciembre 22nd 2023 at 04:36
Objectives

To assess whether acoustic stimulations relieve venipuncture pain and determine which stimulation is the most effective type.

Design

Systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Data sources

PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Excerpta Medica dataBASE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, ClinicalTrials.gov and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform databases were systematically searched in September 2023.

Study selection

Randomised controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of acoustic stimulations on patients undergoing venipuncture were eligible. Acoustic stimulations were classified into seven categories: five types of acoustic stimulations (music medicine (researcher selected), music medicine (patient selected), music therapy, sounds with linguistic meaning and sounds without linguistic meaning) and two controls (only wearing headphones and no treatment).

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Primary outcomes included self-reported pain intensity assessed during venipuncture and treatment cost, and secondary outcomes were self-reported mental distress and adverse events.

Results

Of 6406 citations, this network meta-analysis included 27 studies including 3416 participants; the mean age was 31.5 years, and 57% were men. Among the five types of acoustic stimulations, only musical interventions, such as music medicine (patient selected) (standardised mean difference (SMD) –0.44 (95% CI: –0.84 to –0.03); low confidence), music medicine (researcher selected) (SMD –0.76 (95% CI: –1.10 to –0.42); low confidence) and music therapy (SMD –0.79 (95% CI: –1.44 to –0.14); low confidence), were associated with improved pain relief during venipuncture compared with no treatment. No significant differences existed between the types of acoustic stimulations. Free-of-charge acoustic stimulations were provided to patients, and no specific adverse events were reported. In many studies, the risk of bias was rated high because of the difficulty of blinding the intervention to the participants and the self-reported pain outcome.

Conclusions

Music interventions were associated with reduced venipuncture pain. Comparisons between types of acoustic stimulations revealed no significant differences. Therefore, music intervention could be a safe and inexpensive pain relief method for venipuncture.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42022303852.

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