Nursing as a profession remains underrepresented in research leadership, funding success and scholarly authorship globally, which limits its influence on policy and practice. Within this broader context, racially minoritised nursing academics, including Black academics, face additional inequities that further hinder their visibility and progression. Evidence from the United States, Canada and Australia highlights persistent barriers to research careers and leadership opportunities for Black nurses. In the United Kingdom, these disparities are particularly evident: Black nursing academics face barriers to conducting research while in the wider National Health Service workforce, Black nurses are twice less likely than their White counterparts to be promoted. Together, these patterns constrain career progression and hinder the development of culturally competent healthcare education and practice.
To explore the barriers to conducting research among Black nursing academics working in UK universities that are not traditionally research intensive, and to co-create pragmatic, theory-informed recommendations for enabling supportive and equitable research environments.
A qualitative multi-study design underpinned by Intersectionality Theory and The Silences Framework.
Two work packages are proposed. Work Package 1 will use semi-structured interviews to explore the experiences and barriers of conducting research among up to 15 Black nursing academics based at UK universities that are not research-intensive. Work Package 2 will adopt a modified Delphi methodology, engaging key collaborators in two rounds of online codesign workshops. Findings from Work Package 1 will inform structured discussions in which collaborators will develop theory-informed, pragmatic recommendations to strengthen research capacity and engagement among Black nursing academics.
This study will address the persistent underrepresentation of Black nursing academics in research. While grounded in the UK, the anticipated outputs will have wider applicability, informing policy, shaping institutional strategies and guiding future research priorities across diverse academic and healthcare systems worldwide.
To explore the perceptions and experiences of students raising concerns during pre-registration health and/or social care training in England.
Systematic review.
MEDLINE, CINAHL, ERIC, PsycINFO and Education Research Complete were systematically searched for studies published between September 2015 and August 2024. Grey literature searches were conducted using Google Scholar and ETHOS British Library. Reference lists from included studies were hand searched.
Joanna Briggs Institute methodological guidance for the conduct of systematic review informed conduct and the convergent integrated approach. Mixed methods appraisal tool was used for quality appraisal.
Eleven studies were included. Synthesis of findings generated three themes: (1) conflicting needs of self and others, (2) navigating the professional workspace and, (3) ‘choice to voice’.
Speaking up and raising concerns as a pre-registration student is a complex, multi-faceted and non-linear social phenomenon. Experiences and perceptions are impacted by the novice student position alongside individual, interpersonal and organisational factors. Open cultures within teams and organisations, leadership, support and feedback may enable students overcome barriers to raising concerns.
Raising concerns may reduce avoidable harm. Pre-registration students offer a ‘fresh pair of eyes’; however, they face barriers related to their student position. Synthesis of speaking-up experiences and perceptions of students in English settings can inform the design of learning environments which equip pre-registration students with the knowledge and skills required to cultivate safety behaviours. These skills contribute positively to safety culture and support learning and improvement in complex systems such as health and social care.
The review followed PRISMA reporting guidelines.
The conceptualisation of this project was informed by engagement events with higher education staff, students and Freedom to Speak Up Guardians.