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Virtual reality is an emerging non-drug treatment for pain caused by endoscopy procedure. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of virtual reality based interventions for pain during endoscopy.
PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Clinical Trials database were searched until 26 May 2024. Randomised controlled trials on the application of virtual reality in endoscopic examinations were included. The standardised mean difference (SMD) was calculated using random-effects models, and included studies were appraised using Cochrane Risk of Bias tool version 1. Meta- analysis was conducted using Stata Statistical Software version 17.0.
Overall, 21 studies enrolling 1721 participants were included. Our results demonstrated that the patients receiving the virtual reality intervention had lower pain scores than those receiving the usual care (SMD = −0.42; 95% CI = −0.65, −0.20). Subgroup analysis showed that real-time assessment of pain scores during the medical process had less heterogeneity (I 2 = 20.2%, p = 0.257) and a smaller range of confidence intervals (95% CI = −0.43, −0.14) than retrospective assessment (95% CI = −0.75, −0.09). For different types of endoscopes, virtual reality was statistically significant for reducing pain during colonoscopy (SMD = −0.70; 95% CI = −1.12, −0.28), cystoscopy (SMD = −0.28; 95% CI = −0.53, −0.04) and laparoscopy (SMD = −0.54; 95% CI = −0.98, −0.10). Additionally, statistically significant improvements in relieving anxiety were reported when using virtual reality (SMD = −0.56; 95% CI = −0.78, −0.35).
The application of virtual reality can effectively relieve the pain and anxiety of endoscopy. The types of endoscopy and the way of retrospective evaluation of pain scores were the main sources of heterogeneity. More rigorous studies about the relationship between virtual reality and endoscopic pain relief will be needed.
The application effect of virtual reality technology on endoscopy was verified by summarising several randomised controlled trials. Patients and healthcare providers can be better informed about the use of such intervention to relieve pain.
Virtual reality is recommended as being potentially useful and practical for reducing the pain of endoscopy.
To explore the psychosocial experiences during dietary management among Chinese adults with inflammatory bowel disease.
Qualitative phenomenological design.
Eighteen adults diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease for more than 6 months were recruited using purposive sampling from June to December 2023. Two trained researchers used van Manen's approach to analyse the data.
The three themes with multiple subthemes emerged: facing the unknown: at a loss and aggrieved, trying to cope: uncertain and distressed, and growing in adaptation: relieved and transcendent. The first theme included unknown relapses, overlooking diet management and the absence of dietary rules. The second theme showed different coping situations, like complex dietary information and ever-closing worlds. The third theme explores how participants adapted to disease and their eating patterns.
The psychosocial experiences during dietary management are complex. The accumulation of diet-related experience, acceptance of illness and social support facilitate patients in overcoming negative emotions and adhering to dietary management.
Nurses should provide tailored dietary guidance and appropriate psychological interventions to promote healthy eating in patients.
This study may enhance healthcare professionals' understanding, particularly those in China, of the diet-related experiences among patients.
The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research checklist.
Participants contributed by sharing their first hand experiences.
To synthesize available evidence about core competencies for nurses engaged in palliative care.
A scoping review conducted according to the framework from Joanna Briggs Institute.
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist was adopted to report this scoping review. The PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, ScienceDriect, CNKI, WangFang, VIP and Sinomed databases were used to systematically search for published studies from their inception to December 2023. Two researchers independently screened and selected relevant studies and performed the data charting.
Twenty-six studies were included in this scoping review. Among these, 14 studies identified core competency assessment instruments among nurses engaged in palliative care, with the Palliative Care Core Competence Questionnaire was used most frequently; 13 studies investigated the status of core competencies of nurses engaged in palliative care, the majority of included studies indicated that nurse's core competencies were at moderate levels; 11 studies explored the factors influencing the core competencies of the nurses engaged in palliative care, which were classified as sociodemographic-related factors, palliative care education-related factors, death attitude, palliative care practice-related experience and others.
This scoping review offers a comprehensive overview of the current landscape of core competencies among nurses in palliative care. Findings suggested that the clinical nursing leaders need to develop tailored strategies and interventions to address specific factors and promote the continuous development of nurses' competencies in palliative care.
Core competency assessment instruments equip nurses and healthcare organizations with a range of validated tools for evaluating their proficiency in palliative care. Targeted core competency enhancement programmes need to be developed to foster a nursing workforce better equipped to improve the quality of life of end-of-life patients and their families.
No patient or public contribution.
To establish a supportive care framework for addressing unmet needs among breast cancer survivors, providing practical guidance for healthcare providers to assess and manage these needs, ultimately enhancing the health outcomes and quality of life of breast cancer survivors.
We conducted a two-round Delphi survey to gather expert opinions regarding the unmet needs supportive care framework for breast cancer survivors.
Initial framework identification and inquiry questionnaire creation was achieved via literature search and expert group discussions, which included 15 experts from nursing practice, clinical medicine, nursing management and nursing education was conducted using a Delphi survey. To establish consensus, a two-round Delphi poll was done, using criteria based on the mean (≥4.0), coefficient of variation (CV < 0.25) and percentage for entire score (≥20%).
Experts reached a consensus, leading to six care modules, and 28 care entries: Tumour Detection Support (three care entries), Management of Complications of Antitumor Therapy (seven care entries), Healthy Lifestyle Management (five care entries), Sexual and Fertility Support (four care entries), Psychosocial Support (four care entries) and Resource and Linkage Support (five care entries).
To address breast cancer survivors' unmet needs, a supportive framework was developed to actively enhance their health outcomes. However, further refinement and feasibility testing using mobile devices or artificial intelligence are required.
This pioneering framework prioritises addressing unmet needs and equips healthcare providers to assess and manage these needs effectively, facilitating the implementation of programs aimed at improving the well-being of breast cancer survivors.
This study was guided by a modified guideline for the Conducting and Reporting of Delphi Studies (CREDES) (Palliative Medicine, 31(8), 684, 2017).
No Patient or Public Contribution.
The Delphi study methodology does not require registration.
To investigate the impact of socio-demographic factors and job stressors on the emotional intelligence of psychiatric nurses.
Emotional intelligence plays a crucial role in enabling nurses to effectively manage their own emotions, comprehend the emotions of others and assist individuals in dealing with diverse stressors. Nevertheless, a comprehensive conceptualization of the relationship between job stressors and emotional intelligence remains lacking.
This study employs a multi-centre cross-sectional design.
A multi-centre cross-sectional survey involving 1083 registered nurses from 11 psychiatric hospitals across four provinces in China was conducted. Non-probability sampling was utilised. The survey encompassed assessments of nurse job stressors, emotional intelligence using a scale and socio-demographic characteristics using a questionnaire. A multiple linear regression model was applied to identify significant variables associated with emotional intelligence based on demographic attributes and various nurse job stressors. The study adhered to the STROBE checklist.
The findings revealed a noteworthy negative correlation between nurse job stressors and emotional intelligence. Socio-demographic factors and job stressors of certain nurses were able to predict emotional intelligence and its dimensions among psychiatric nurses, with percentages of 44.50%, 40.10%, 36.40%, 36.60% and 34.60%.
Providing emotional intelligence training for psychiatric nurses could enhance their capacity to cope effectively with workplace stress, particularly among younger nurses who engage in limited physical activities.
The analysis of the relationship between emotional intelligence and nurse job stressors could facilitate early detection and intervention by managers based on pertinent factors. This, in turn, could elevate the emotional intelligence level of psychiatric nurses.
This study did not recruit participants, so details of participants were not be involved.
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