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To explore how adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) experience and express grit in the workplace.
Qualitative study using Husserl's descriptive phenomenology.
Between March 2022 and June 2023, semi-structured interviews were administered to 18 ACHD recruited from two medical centre outpatient departments. The collected data underwent analysis utilising Colaizzi's 7-step analysis method, coupled with Lincoln and Guba's framework, to ensure credibility and trustworthiness.
The analysis revealed five prominent themes derived from the data: (a) career choices amid constraints; (b) adjustments to one's work environment for reasons of fatigue; (c) crises in the workplace arising from exceeding one's physical limits; (d) supportive networks for better health and job stability; (e) resilience at work for balance and fulfilment in life.
Grit significantly influences life satisfaction and job performance among adults with congenital heart disease, highlighting its profound impact on their experiences. Patients exhibit perseverance in job pursuits, adapt work methods to manage physical fatigue, confront challenges during work crises, value family and societal support and aim for self-satisfaction. These findings highlight the impact of grit and mental health on ACHD's lives and work, providing insights for better psychological support and interventions.
This study clarifies the need for healthcare professionals to incorporate workplace grit training and assessment into ACHD care.
Recognising grit as a key factor in ACHD patients' lives informs holistic care, workplace inclusivity and policies that enhance their long-term well-being.
This study was performed in accordance with the COREQ guidelines.
No patient or public involvement.
To validate the psychometric properties of the Paediatric-Friendly Care Assessment Scale in the Emergency Department (PFCAS-ED) among clinical nurses.
A cross-sectional study.
A total of 463 emergency nurses participated in the study between May and September 2023. The participants were randomly divided into two groups to assess the psychometric properties of the PFCAS-ED, including its reliability, construct validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and criterion-related validity.
Exploratory factor analysis on data from the first group revealed six components of the PFCAS-ED: paediatric/adolescent timely care and resources, child protection mechanisms and safety, paediatric emergency care competency training and practice, paediatric emergency consultation information and space, paediatric crisis management and response, and a harmless environment and actions for toddlers. These factors explained 69.408% of the total variance and exhibited strong internal consistency. This six-factor structure and its 28 items were further validated using confirmatory factor analysis on data from the second group, yielding satisfactory fit indices and convergent and discriminant validity. Additionally, the scale exhibited excellent 2-week test–retest reliability and criterion-related validity.
The PFCAS-ED had excellent psychometric properties when used with clinical nurses and was proven to be a reliable instrument for evaluating emergency nurses' perceptions of the importance of providing paediatric-friendly care to children and their families.
This standardised scale enables nurses to assess their perceptions of the importance of paediatric-friendly care and design targeted interventions on the basis of available resources. Additionally, hospital administrators can use the PFCAS-ED to identify priorities, strengths, and areas requiring improvement in paediatric emergency care, thereby informing the development of effective strategies and comprehensive policies.
This study adhered to the STROBE guidelines.
No patient or public involvement.
To systematically analyse expert perspectives on paediatric-friendly care in the emergency department and establish specific indicators.
With an increasing number of children seeking emergency care, nurses must understand the specific needs of paediatric patients and their families.
A two-round modified Delphi method was used in this study.
In this study, experts from clinical practice and academia assessed 56 paediatric-friendly care criteria in the emergency department. Data were collected to establish a consensus and ensure content validity.
Thirty experts completed two survey rounds with response rates of 100% and 93.3%, respectively. In the initial survey, no consensus was reached for eight items. After the items were consolidated, 37 paediatric emergency-friendly care needs were identified. For each need, the item-level content validity index exceeded 0.79 for importance and feasibility. The average scale-level content validity index values were 0.95 and 0.92 for importance and feasibility. These needs were categorised into six dimensions: timely comfort (3 items), emotional care (5 items), frontline safety (11 items), emergency response (10 items), human resources support (5 items) and treatment efficiency (3 items).
Paediatric emergency nurses play a vital role in caring for children, improving soft skills through compassion and training and ensuring a well-equipped, safe environment in the emergency department.
This study offers valuable insights for emergency department nurses on the needs of children and their families, emphasising the importance of patient and family education, environmental considerations and the role of certified child life specialists in supporting the emergency healthcare team and ensuring appropriate paediatric care.
No direct patient, service user, caregiver or public involvement existed in this study.
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