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Introducción: Existe una tendencia mundial de incremento en los índices de sobrepeso y obesidad en niños menores de 5 años. Las creencias, percepciones y actitudes de las madres hacia las prácticas de alimentación y la obesidad tienen implicaciones directas sobre la salud del hijo. Objetivo: Explorar creencias sobre prácticas de alimentación y obesidad infantil entre madres con hijos menores de cinco años del noroeste de México. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo de aproximación etnográfica. Mediante un muestreo propositivo se realizaron nueve entrevistas semiestructuradas a mujeres que contaban con un promedio de 12 años de educación. Resultados: Las creencias incluyeron inseguridad para asumir el rol de madre, una baja percepción de apoyo familiar y creencias que no se alineaban con las recomendaciones de la lactancia materna exclusiva e introducción de alimentos complementarios. Además, estas tenían la creencia de que la obesidad no es un problema debido a la corta edad de sus hijos. Conclusiones: Existe una ambivalencia entre las creencias de las participantes y sus prácticas con relación a la alimentación y la obesidad infantil. Es imperativo desarrollar estrategias de educación y comunicación que proporcionen información basada en evidencia, de fácil acceso y disponible para madres con la intención de prevenir problemas de nutrición durante la primera infancia.
Despite the high number of operations and surgical advancement, rehabilitation after rotator cuff repair has not progressed for over 20 years. The traditional cautious approach might be contributing to suboptimal outcomes. Our aim is to assess whether individualised (early) patient-directed rehabilitation results in less shoulder pain and disability at 12 weeks after surgical repair of full-thickness tears of the rotator cuff compared with current standard (delayed) rehabilitation.
The rehabilitation after rotator cuff repair (RaCeR 2) study is a pragmatic multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial with internal pilot phase. It has a parallel group design with 1:1 allocation ratio, full health economic evaluation and quintet recruitment intervention. Adults awaiting arthroscopic surgical repair of a full-thickness tear are eligible to participate. On completion of surgery, 638 participants will be randomised. The intervention (individualised early patient-directed rehabilitation) includes advice to the patient to remove their sling as soon as they feel able, gradually begin using their arm as they feel able and a specific exercise programme. Sling removal and movement is progressed by the patient over time according to agreed goals and within their own pain and tolerance. The comparator (standard rehabilitation) includes advice to the patient to wear the sling for at least 4 weeks and only to remove while eating, washing, dressing or performing specific exercises. Progression is according to specific timeframes rather than as the patient feels able. The primary outcome measure is the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index total score at 12-week postrandomisation. The trial timeline is 56 months in total, from September 2022.
The aim of the study was to establish the feasibility of delivering a structured post-diagnosis information and support program to dyads (persons living with dementia or mild cognitive impairment and family carers) in two primary care settings.
A two-phase explanatory mixed-method approach guided by the Bowen Feasibility Framework focused on acceptability, implementation, adaptation, integration and efficacy of a five-part programme. In phase 1, the quantitative impact of the programme on the dyadic programme recipients' self-efficacy, quality of life, dyadic relationship and volume of care was measured. In phase 2, inductive content analysis focused on nurse and dyad participant experiences of the programme. Quantitative and qualitative data were reviewed to conclude each element of feasibility.
Four registered nurses working within the participating sites were recruited, trained as programme facilitators and supported to deliver the programme. Eligible dyads attending the respective primary health clinics were invited to participate in the programme and complete surveys at three time points: recruitment, post-programme and 3-month follow-up. Post-programme semi-structured interviews were conducted with dyads and programme facilitators.
Twenty-nine dyads completed the program; the majority were spousal dyads. The programme proved acceptable to the dyads with high retention and completion rates. Implementation and integration of the programme into usual practice were attributed to the motivation and capacity of the nurses as programme facilitators. Regarding programme efficacy, most dyads reported they were better prepared for the future and shared the plans they developed during the programme with family members.
Implementing a structured information and support programme is feasible, but sustainability requires further adaptation or increased staff resources to maintain programme fidelity. Future research should consider selecting efficacy measures sensitive to the unique needs of people living with dementia and increasing follow-up time to 6 months.
This study established the feasibility of registered nurses delivering a post-diagnosis information and support programme for people living with early-stage dementia or mild cognitive impairment and their informal carers in primary care settings. The motivation and capacity of nurses working as programme facilitators ensured the integration of the programme into usual work, but this was not considered sustainable over time. Family carer dyads reported tangible outcomes and gained confidence in sharing their diagnosis with family and friends and asking for assistance. Findings from this study can be used to provide direction for a clinical trial investigating the effectiveness of the structured information and support programme in the primary care setting.
The authors have adhered to the EQUATOR STROBE Statement.
A public hospital memory clinic and general medical practice participated in project design, study protocol development and supported implementation.
by Germán Mejía-Salgado, Paula Tatiana Muñoz-Vargas, Carlos Cifuentes-González, Gabriela Flórez-Esparza, Rebeca Paquentín-Jiménez, Miguel Ángel Castro-Monreal, Naomi Medina-Galindo, Gilma Norella Hernández-Herrera, Luz Elena Concha-del-Río, Alejandra de-la-Torre
PurposeTo establish the effects of anterior chamber inflammation (ACI) on the corneal endothelium parameters and central corneal thickness (CCT).
MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive literature review using medical databases (PubMed, EMBASE, VHL, and medRxiv) on March 8, 2023, for studies that included patients with ACI who had undergone specular microscopy or pachymetry. Case series with >10 patients, cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies were included. The risk of bias was assessed using CLARITY tools and validated scales such as those by Hassan Murad et al. and Hoy et al. A narrative synthesis and a quantitative standardized mean difference meta-analysis, I2 heterogeneity assessment, and publication bias tests were conducted. The study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023420148) and approved by the Universidad del Rosario ethical committee (DVO005 2277- CV1712).
ResultsThirty-four studies, encompassing 1,388 eyes with ACI, were included. Compared with healthy controls, overall, ACI eyes show significant mean differences in endothelial parameters (endothelial cell density (ECD), coefficient of variation (CV), and hexagonality (HEX)) (P Conclusion
ACI leads to significant alterations in endothelial parameters and CCT. The primary contributors to these changes are increased IOP, uveitis duration, and intraocular surgeries. Further studies are needed to explore the impact of ACI etiology on the endothelium, potential biases in IOP measurements during acute ACI episodes, and the potential necessity for monitoring the endothelial parameters and CCT in patients with chronic ACI.
by Aklilu Habte, Samuel Hailegebreal, Tamirat Melis, Dereje Haile
BackgroundThe Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness (BPCR) message is one of the prenatal care packages targeted at reducing maternal and neonatal mortality by avoiding unnecessary delays during labor and delivery. There is limited evidence in Ethiopia that has looked at the spatial variation of missing BPCR messages and potential predictors. Hence, this study aimed to identify spatial predictors missing BPCR messages at the national level.
MethodsThe study was based on analysis of 2016 Ethiopia Demographic Health Survey data, using a weighted sample of 4771 women. Arc-GIS version 10.7 and SaTScan version 9.6 statistical software were used for the spatial analysis. To explore spatial variation and locate spatial clusters of missing BPCR messages, the Global Moran’s I statistic and Bernoulli-based spatial scan (SaTScan) analysis were carried out, respectively. Hotspot (Getis-OrdGi*) analysis was conducted to identify Hotspots and Cold spotsof missing BPCR messages. Finally, spatial regression were carried out via ordinary least squares and geographically weighted regression to identify predictors of hotspots for missing BPCR messages.
ResultsThe overall prevalence of missing BPCR messages in Ethiopia was found to be 44.0% (95%CI: 42.6, 45.4%), with significant spatial variation across regions (Moran’s I = 0.218, p-value Conclusion
The level of missing BPCR messages during pregnancy was found to be high in Ethiopia, with significant local variation. As a result, policymakers at the national level and local planners should develop strategies and initiatives that enhance women’s economic capacities, health-seeking behavior, and media exposure. Furthermore, the regional authorities should focus on strategies that promote universal health coverage through enrolling citizens in health insurance schemes.
Las TICs permiten que el estudiante acceda al material de estudio y, a su vez, interactúe con el profesor y con otros estudiantes. La pandemia COVID-19 ha obligado a docentes a impartir clases virtuales de urgencia para cumplir con las actividades académicas programadas.
El objetivo es analizar el nivel de satisfacción de docentes en el desarrollo de las clases virtual en tiempos de pandemia. El diseño fue observacional, descriptiva, de corte transversal, enfoque cuantitativo, el universo estuvo compuesto por docentes de la FENOB-UNA Casa Central y Filiales, con una muestra de 114 docentes, la selección se realizó a través de un muestreo no probabilístico de casos consecutivos, la recolección de datos se hizo a través de una encuesta en línea con un cuestionario elaborado por las investigadoras, validada por expertos. Los hallazgos más relevantes fueron: mayoritariamente de sexo femenino, del grupo etario de 36 a 55 años, de estado civil casado, procedentes del departamento Central, son docente catedráticos y ejercen su labor solamente en la FENOB-UNA, cuenta con conexión a internet, utiliza computadora portátil y destina 2 horas para las clases. El análisis entre las características sociodemográficas y el nivel de satisfacción con el desarrollo de las clases virtuales es estadísticamente significativo con la variable edad. Se concluye que el nivel de satisfacción de docentes en el desarrollo de las clases virtuales en tiempos de pandemia fue medianamente satisfecho.
ABSTRACT
ICTs allow the student to access the study material and, in turn, interact with the teacher and other students. The COVID-19 Pandemic has forced teachers to teach emergency virtual classes to comply with scheduled academic activities. The objective is to analyze the level of satisfaction of teachers in the development of virtual classes in times of pandemic. The design was observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative approach, the universe was made up of teachers from the FENOB- UNA Central House and Subsidiaries, with a sample of 114 teachers, the selection was made through a non-probabilistic sampling of cases. consecutive, data collection was done through an online survey with a questionnaire prepared by the researchers, validated by experts. The most relevant findings were: mostly female, in the age group of 36 to 55 years, with married marital status, from the Central Department, are professors and work only at FENOB-UNA, have an internet connection, He uses a laptop and allocates 2 hours for classes. The analysis between the sociodemographic characteristics and the level of satisfaction with the development of virtual classes is statistically significant with the age variable. It is concluded that the level of satisfaction of teachers in the development of virtual classes in times of pandemic was moderately satisfied.
Objetivo principal: Evaluar la disfunción familiar desde una perspectiva holística en enfermos renales en terapia sustitutiva en un hospital de Monterrey, México. Metodología: Diseño mixto, analítico, transversal. Población conformada por 634 enfermos renales en terapias de sustitución de un hospital de segundo nivel en Monterrey. Se usó estadística descriptiva e inferencial para datos cuantitativos. Para la parte cualitativa se usó metodología fenomenológica conforme a la teoría fundamentada y análisis de dominios. Resultados principales: Alta prevalencia de disfuncionalidad familiar (70%). Según los enfermos renales en etapas avanzadas, el abandono por parte del cónyuge, la infidelidad marital, la exclusión familiar y los problemas económicos, son los principales factores que fracturan los lazos y la estruc-tura familiar. Conclusión principal: La enfermedad renal puede ser factor de disfuncionalidad familiar, hecho que compromete las relacio-nes entre los miembros familiares y afecta el apego a los tratamientos sustitutivos, al ser estos dependientes de un cuidador primario.
Rev Enferm;41(2): 126-133, feb. 2018. tab, graf. [Artículo]
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