Test-retest reliability of Latin American Group for Maturity (GDLAM) protocol in older women

by Álvaro Huerta Ojeda, Emilio Jofré-Saldía, Jimena Arriagada Molina, Patricia Rojas Quinchavil, María Paz Parada Toledo, Sergio Galdames Maliqueo, María-Mercedes Yeomans-Cabrera, Carlos Jorquera-Aguilera, Frano Giakoni-Ramirez, Maximiliano Bravo

Functional autonomy (FA) is a critical factor in determining the quality of life of older adults (OA), especially in the case of older women (OW), as they face a decline in FA in their later years of life. FA should be assessed early, using valid, reliable, and low-cost tests. This study evaluated the test-retest reliability of GDLAM and GDLAM autonomy index (GI) in OW. Thirty-nine OW (71.2 ± 6.50 years) participated in the study. A repeated measures design was used to compare the interday test-retest reliability of the five GDLAM tests (seconds) and the GI (points). The five tests represent activities of daily living, such as dressing or wandering around the house, while the GI provides a weighting of the results of the five tests. The analysis consisted of the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), and coefficient of variation (CV). A CV ≤ 10% and an ICC ≥ 0.80 were considered acceptable reliability, whereas a CV ≤ 5% and an ICC ≥ 0.90 were considered high reliability. The outcome of the five tests, represented by the GI, showed high interday test-retest reliability (CV = 6.00% and ICC = 0.91). The results of this study demonstrate that the five tests of the GDLAM protocol and the GI have high interday test-retest reliability and good interday reproducibility. From a practical point of view, the GDLAM protocol allows the assessment of FA of community-dwelling OW, providing background for early diagnosis and, with it, the possibility of developing an individualized physical exercise prescription.

Retinoid orphan receptor gamma t (rorγt) promotes inflammatory eosinophilia but is dispensable for innate immune-mediated colitis

by Alvaro Torres-Huerta, Katelyn Ruley-Haase, Theodore Reed, Antonia Boger-May, Derek Rubadeux, Lauren Mayer, Arpitha Mysore Rajashekara, Morgan Hiller, Madeleine Frech, Connor Roncagli, Cameron Pedersen, Mary Catherine Camacho, Lauren Hollmer, Lauren English, Grace Kane, David L. Boone

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) result from uncontrolled inflammation in the intestinal mucosa leading to damage and loss of function. Both innate and adaptive immunity contribute to the inflammation of IBD and innate and adaptive immune cells reciprocally activate each other in a forward feedback loop. In order to better understand innate immune contributions to IBD, we developed a model of spontaneous 100% penetrant, early onset colitis that occurs in the absence of adaptive immunity by crossing villin-TNFAIP3 mice to RAG1^-/- mice (TRAG mice). This model is driven by microbes and features increased levels of innate lymphoid cells in the intestinal mucosa. To investigate the role of type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) in the innate colitis of TRAG mice, we crossed them to retinoid orphan receptor gamma t deficient (Rorγt^-/-) mice. Rorγt^-/- x TRAG mice exhibited markedly reduced eosinophilia in the colonic mucosa, but colitis persisted in these mice. Colitis in Rorγt^-/- x TRAG mice was characterized by increased infiltration of the intestinal mucosa by neutrophils, inflammatory monocytes, macrophages and other innate cells. RNA and cellular profiles of Rorγt^-/- x TRAG mice were consistent with a lack of ILC3 and ILC3 derived cytokines, reduced antimicrobial factors, increased activation oof epithelial repair processes and reduced activation of epithelial cell STAT3. The colitis in Rorγt^-/- x TRAG mice was ameliorated by antibiotic treatment indicating that microbes contribute to the ILC3-independent colitis of these mice. Together, these gene expression and cell signaling signatures reflect the double-edged sword of ILC3 in the intestine, inducing both proinflammatory and antimicrobial protective responses. Thus, Rorγt promotes eosinophilia but Rorγt and Rorγt-dependent ILC3 are dispensable for the innate colitis in TRAG mice.

Prevalencia del catéter venoso periférico en un hospital terciario: elección en función del tratamiento

Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia del catéter venoso periférico y conocer si su elección es adecuada en función del tratamiento. Metodología: Estudio observacional transversal realizado en la Unidad de Medicina Interna de un hospital de tercer nivel. Análisis descriptivo e inferencial mediante explotación de datos de forma pseudoanonimizada y retrospectiva. Resultados: El 96,6% de pacientes fueron portadores de catéteres venosos periféricos con una media de días de catéter de 3, 62. Los motivos de retirada más frecuentes fueron la extravasación (51,4%), el fin de tratamiento (16,2%) y la flebitis (12,8%). El tratamiento endovenoso fue superior a 6 días en un 40,4% de los pacientes y considerado vesicante y/o irritante en un 56,4%. Conclusiones: Existe un sobre uso del catéter venoso periférico, resultando primordial el diseño e implementación de estrategias con enfoque multidisciplinar que favorezcan una adecuada elección y manejo de los accesos vasculares.

Discriminación de género en los espacios de formación de enfermería

Este artículo busca describir las vivencias de una estudiante de Enfermería de orientación sexual diversa, quien a través de un relato biográfico narra sus experiencias como estudiante frente a la discriminación en los espacios de formación. El análisis parte de un marco conceptual acerca de elementos reconocidos como modelos biomédicos y discursos conservadores que permean la cultura en general, y el actuar profesional de enfer-mería en particular. La lógica biomédica-conservadora se contrapone a la búsqueda de una profesión socio-humanista, pues mientras en la prime-ra se consolida un sujeto cuidador para otros(as) exclusivamente, en la segunda se reconocen a los y las profesionales y estudiantes como sujetos para sí. Así desde una práctica socio-humanista los discursos y comportamientos homofóbicos o de discriminación deben hacer parte de los ele-mentos primarios de des-aprendizaje con el ánimo de buscar construir una sociedad basada en la solidaridad y el reconocimiento del otro (a), desde perspectivas más humanas y éticas.